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Biomedical subjects

H Takano

Publications and source records attributed to H Takano.

At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Acute liver dysfunction after modified Fontan operation for complex cardiac lesions. Analysis of the contributing factors and its relation to the early prognosis.

Acute liver dysfunction was analyzed in 15 patients who received a modified Fontan operation for single ventricle in nine (atrial isomerism, seven) and tricuspid or mitral atresia in six. Nine patients had elevation of serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase levels above 1000 U/L during the first week. As an analysis of postoperative liver function during the first week, the highest values of serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase and total bilirubin and the lowest prothrombin time were scored from 0 to 4 within each parameter, and totaled to give a liver dysfunction score. The liver dysfunction score was 0 to 2 (no or trivial injury) in five patients, 3 to 5 (mild) in two, and 6 to 11 (moderate or severe) in eight (53.3%). The group operated on for single ventricle had a higher incidence (67%) of a liver dysfunction score of 6 or higher than the other group (33%). A multivariate analysis for the prediction of the liver dysfunction score mainly from early postoperative hemodynamics showed the highest correlation with cardiac index, followed by urine output, systolic arterial pressure, and central venous pressure. One patient required plasmapheresis. Four died early (less than 1 month); three of these had a liver dysfunction score of 6 or higher. Those with scores of 6 or above had higher serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase levels at 1 month after operation than those with scores less than 5. In three patients (single ventricle), hepatic venous oxygen saturation was monitored and showed a marked decrease to below 20% with subsequent acute liver dysfunction. These results indicate that acute liver dysfunction appears to occur in patients with complex lesions after a modified Fontan operation from possible hepatic hypoperfusion and that low cardiac output may be more crucial than high central venous pressure alone.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

Response of the mouse epididymal duct to the disappearance and reappearance of spermatozoa induced by temporal cryptorchidism.

Cryptorchid surgery to move the testis and epididymis to the abdomen was performed in mice of 60 days of age; one week later the mice were subjected to further surgery to reposition the organs in the scrotum. The mice were sacrificed at 1 week intervals until 11 weeks after the initial operation. After the first operation, spermatozoa in the epididymal duct rapidly disappeared and were almost absent until the 4th week. Then spermatozoa appeared again, increased, and reached normal numbers by 10 weeks. With the disappearance of the spermatozoa, a PAS-positive material, which is believed to be secreted in the middle part of the head of the epididymal duct (ABE et al., 1982), was accumulated in the epididymal duct in the body and tail of the epididymis, and PAS-positive inclusions appeared in the principal cells of the duct in the body 2 weeks after the first operation. The inclusions developed in size and number during the aspermia period, then decreased in number with the reappearance of spermatozoa from the 5th week to ultimately disappear by 10 weeks after the first operation. We have previously demonstrated that such inclusions appear also after efferent duct ligation, which interrupts the flow of spermatozoa and testicular fluid into the epididymal duct (ABE et al., 1982). Both present and previous findings indicate that the appearance of PAS-positive inclusions depends on the absence of spermatozoa in the epididymal duct irrespective of the presence of the testicular fluid in the duct. It is suggested that the PAS-positive material is utilized by spermatozoa and, in the absence of spermatozoa, is accumulated in the lumen and ingested by the principal cells of the epididymal duct in the body of the epididymis.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Age-related histologic changes in the adult mouse testis.

Age-related changes in the testis were studied histologically in dd-mice from 2 months to 2 years of age. After 6 months of age, vacuoles appeared first singly and later became clustered in the seminiferous epithelium. With the appearance of the vacuoles, the epithelium started to release spermatids and spermatocytes into the lumen. Multinucleated giant cells occasionally appeared in the epithelium and were also released to the lumen. The epithelium, when markedly depleted of germ cells, was composed mainly of Sertoli cells. The lumen of the atrophied tubules occasionally contained accumulations of macrophages, sperm aggregations, and nodules of a homogeneous material covered with flattened epithelial cells. The basement membrane surrounding the atrophied tubules thickened corresponding to the degree of atrophy. The atrophied tubules initially appeared in patches and then spread throughout the testis. Leydig cells increased in amounts with age. The increase of Leydig cells was distinct around severely atrophied tubules with a thickened basement membrane. These changes are discussed in comparison with autoimmunized testes which show similar histologic changes.

Aging↗
PubMed1987

[Attenuation correction of SPECT imaging by dual energy method--quantification of 111In-labeled monoclonal anti-tumor antibody localization].

Application of radiolabeled monoclonal anti-tumor antibodies for diagnosis and therapy has made remarkable progress in the past few years. Quantification of radiopharmaceutical localization is required adequate attenuation correction in SPECT imaging. Attenuation correction by transmission CT (TCT) data is one of the best method at present time. However, if a patient is moved between TCT and SPECT, this method is no more applicable. We developed a new attenuation correction algorithm by dual energy method, using 99mTc and 111In because of similarity of these linear attenuation coefficients. The new algorithm uses data of TCT with an external source of 99mTc, and requires another data from SPECT of 111In labeled monoclonal anti-tumor antibody, which are simultaneously obtained. TCT results in an attenuation map, which then serves as input into the final intrinsic correction algorithm to uncorrected SPECT data. In chest phantom experiment, the attenuation corrected SPECT images revealed nearly same distribution of actual radioactivity of 111In as compared to that of uncorrected one.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1987

[Siblings of familial adenomatosis coli with gastric cancer--case report].

Adenomatosis coli is recently regarded as a systemic disease with a predisposition to multiple tumor formation. We report siblings of familial adenomatosis coli with gastric cancers. Case 1 was a 58 year-old elder brother. His diagnosis was familial adenomatosis coli accompanied with colon cancer and simultaneous early gastric cancer. Total colectomy and partial gastrectomy were carried out on Mar. 13, 1984 at our hospital. Numerous polyps over the whole colon and an ulcerative tumor in the hepatic flexure were found in the resected colon. Histologically tubular adenocarcinoma were demonstrated in the ulcerative tumor, and all other polyps were adenomas. In the resected gastric specimen, there were two shallow, depressed lesions on the each anterior and posterior wall of the antrum. Histologically both of them were adenocarcinoma confined within the mucosa. Postoperative course was satisfactory and he is quite healthy 2 and a half years after surgery. Case 2 was a 56 year-old younger brother. He received a partial gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer at another hospital on May 20, 1982. In one and a half year from the surgery, a large lung tumor (probably metastasis of the gastric cancer) was found and he received chemotherapy. He also received radiation therapy in June, 1984 and during this admission barium enema study was performed. It revealed numerous polyps over the whole colon. No cancerous lesions were found. He died of lung tumor on Dec. 8, 1985. The similar siblings were first reported by Kokaji et al. in 1984, and our cases seem to be the second ones.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

Value and limitation of gadolinium-DTPA contrast enhancement in the early detection of acute canine myocardial infarction.

This study was performed to determine whether the infarcted myocardium can be distinguished from the nuclear myocardium by gated nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI) and gadolinium (Gd)-DTPA contrast enhancement in the early hours after coronary artery ligation. Twenty-one dogs were used: three dogs with 3-hr ligation of the left anterior coronary artery (LAD) (group A); six dogs with 3-hr ligation of LAD, followed by 20-30 min of reperfusion (group B); six dogs with 6-hr ligation of LAD (group C); and six dogs with 12-hr ligation of LAD (group D). Gated NMRI was performed at the time of occlusion or reperfusion, followed by intravenous injection of 0.5 mM/kg of Gd-DTPA using a whole body NMR system. The effects of Gd-DTPA on gated NMRI could not be obtained in group A, but significant contrast enhancement after Gd-DTPA administration in T1-weighted image was obtained in four of six dogs in group B, four of six dogs in group C, and five of six dogs in group D. Then NMRI contrast that expresses the signal intensity ratio between the infarcted and normal myocardia showed a significant increase in groups B, C, and D. Thus, gated NMRI with Gd-DTPA has a limitation as to the early detection of acute myocardial infarction, such as in group A, but it may have a supplementary role in the detection of acute myocardial infarction since improved signal intensities between the normal and infarcted myocardium was obtained in groups B, C, and D.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Stereo-selective interaction of enantiomers of diniconazole, a fungicide, with purified P-450/14DM from yeast.

R(-) isomer of diniconazole [S-3308L, (E)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1,2,4-triazol-l-yl)-1-+ ++penten-3-ol], a newly developed fungicide strongly inhibited lanosterol 14 alpha-demethylation catalyzed by a yeast cytochrome P-450 (P-450/14DM). On the other hand, S(+) isomer of diniconazole was a weaker inhibitor for P-450/14DM. The R(-) isomer combined with both ferric and ferrous P-450/14DM and interfered binding of CO to the cytochrome. The S(+) isomer also interacted with both forms of P-450/14DM but the absorption spectra of the S(+)-diniconazole complexes were different from those of the R(-)-diniconazole complexes. Furthermore, S(+) isomer did not significantly interfere the binding of CO to P-450/14DM. These observations suggest that P-450/14DM discriminates enantiomers of diniconazole and the R(-) isomer is more favorably fit for the active site of the cytochrome.

Antifungal Agents↗