Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H Suwaki

Publications and source records attributed to H Suwaki.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Effect of embryonic hippocampal transplantation in amygdaloid kindled rat.

Embryonic neural tissue was transplanted into previously kindled rats. A thirteen- to fourteen-day embryonic hippocampal cell suspension was grafted in the stratum oriens near the CA2 area of the hippocampus. Almost 80% of the animals had a good recovery and became seizure-free. Injection of neocortical cells or saline did not show any positive effect on the kindling susceptibility. Although 20 day embryonic cell transplantation was also effective, the effect did not last as long as the 13- to 14-day embryonic transplantation. These observations open the possibility that the neural grafts may be used for therapy of medically intractable epilepsies.

Amygdala↗
PubMed1993

Histamine and 1-methyl-6,7-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline are competitive inhibitors of debrisoquine 4-monooxygenase in rat liver.

The effects of histamine and 1-methyl-6,7-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4- tetrahydroisoquinoline(salsolinol) on debrisoquine 4-monooxygenation, which is catalyzed by cytochrome P-450db 1 (CYP2D1) in rat liver microsomes, were studied. Both histamine and salsolinol competitively inhibited the activity of debrisoquine 4-monooxygenase (Ki = 0.31 and 0.43 mM, respectively). These data demonstrate that histamine and salsolinol bind to the active site of CYP2D1, i.e. histamine and salsolinol have structures (molecular shape) corresponding to the active site of CYP2D1.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

A localization study of the cytochrome P-450(21)-linked monooxygenase system in adult rat brain.

Immunohistochemical studies were performed to investigate the localization of the cytochrome P-450(21)-linked monooxygenase system in rat brain using a specific antibody against bovine adrenal cytochrome P-450(21) (P-450XXIA1), which was purified electrophoretically as a single protein band and with a heme content of 18.0 nmol/mg protein from adrenocortical microsomes. The cytochrome P-450(21) was found to be mainly localized in the tractus reticulothalamicus and other ascending fibers in adult rat brains. This finding indicated that deoxycorticosterone or its derivatives could be implicated in the regulation of consciousness and the induction of an anesthetic effect.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Improved methods for genotype determination at the ALDH2 locus using PCR by introducing the MBOII recognition site or conducting secondary PCR.

Two convenient methods for determining the ALDH2 genotype using PCR were devised. The first method for distinguishing ALDH2(1) and ALDH2(2) alleles was conducted by introducing a single base change into an oligonucleotide primer for PCR, which produced the MboII recognition site for ALDH2(1) but not for ALDH2(2). The second method was conducted with a secondary PCR using allele-specific primers. Both methods have enabled us to easily determine the genotype of the ALDH2 locus without using isotopes. By applying these methods, the genotype of 112 Japanese individuals was determined. The frequency of ALDH2(1) was estimated to be 0.75 and that of ALDH2(2) was to be 0.25.

Alcohol Dehydrogenase↗
PubMed1993

[Contribution of the ALDH2 and CYP2E1 genes to flushing response and drinking patterns in Japanese healthy volunteers].

Relationship between genotypes of the loci for ALDH2 and CYP2E1 and the flushing response as well as drinking pattern were investigated among 31 Japanese healthy persons. In 14 persons who showed flushing symptom and whose ALDH2 genotype was heterozygote (ALDH2*1/ALDH2*2), 6 persons whose CYP2E1 genotype was mutant homozygote or heterozygote (C2/C2 or C1/C2), reported to drink more frequently and their alcohol consumption was higher than that of C1/C1 carriers. However, 2 subjects possessing C2 allele in 3 persons carrying ALDH2 homozygous genotype showed very low alcohol consumption. It is concluded that a person heterozygous for ALDH2 and either mutant homozygous or heterozygous for CYP2E1 may become able to drink more alcohol, if his drinking pattern grows more frequent.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Patterns of alcohol abuse from the viewpoint of multiple substance abuse.

1. As a result of examining the alcoholism of 172 subjects, from the view point of multiple abuse in a long-term process, we were able to classify alcoholism into three patterns: Pattern I is the alcohol alone type, Pattern II is the alcoholism with legal drugs, such as hypnotics and tranquilizers and Pattern III is the alcoholism with illicit drugs, such as organic solvents and methamphetamine. 2. We ascertained the alcohol alone abuse type (Pattern I) existed. 3. Pattern II resembles Pattern I in living status, delinquency, experience of criminal acts and characters except that the abusers in Pattern II were younger than those in Pattern I. 4. The abusers in Pattern III showed a trend to incline to multiple abuse. They had antisocial characters and family problems and the level of their social life was disrupted from their youth in many cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

A study of longitudinal patterns of substance abuse with special reference to multiple use problems.

1. Sequential patterns of abuse were analyzed in 222 subjects of substance abuse who had admitted mental hospitals. They were classified into four patterns and seven sub-patterns. 2. Alcohol alone type (Pattern I) was different from other patterns of abuse in their initiating ages, family status and the levels of social life. A marked tendency to multiple abuse was found in Pattern II and III including organic solvents and/or methamphetamine. 3. However, even in Pattern II and III, alcohol abuse was found in 18% of the subjects. This suggests alcohol is an important hidden substance in multiple drug abusers. 4. Many substance abusers without alcohol had also alcoholics in their family members. Especially those who initiated their abuse in early ages are supposed to have constitutional and family factors which are common to alcohol and drugs. 5. Patterns II and III of organic solvents and methamphetamine abuse, the existence of peers and their strong influence upon users were of prime importance. Initiation of abuse from an early age and disruption of social life were marked in those patterns. 6. Many alcoholics started their abuse in earlier ages than expected. The study shows that there were two groups; the group whose social lives had been disrupted at early ages, and the one whose level of social life had been maintained. 7. Physical illnesses were mostly found in the patterns which include alcohol abuse.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Alcohol-induced facial flushing and drinking behavior in Japanese men.

The drinking behavior and alcohol-induced facial flushing of 1646 Japanese men (50.9% flushers and 48.0% nonflushers) were analyzed from questionnaires completed by their wives. The results indicate a relationship between flushing and various indices of sensitivity to alcohol and low rates of alcohol-related problems. It is proposed that alcohol-induced flushing acts as an inhibitory factor against excessive alcohol use and consequent problems due to drinking.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

A survey of impatient alcoholics in Okayama and Kochi Prefectures.

A survey of inpatient alcoholics was conducted in Okayama and Kochi prefectures in 1977 and 1979. The total number of inpatient alcoholics was 230 in Okayama and 401 in Kochi, Corresponding to 5.5% and 10.7% of the total number of inpatients in psychiatric hospitals, respectively. The percentage of female alcoholics was 6.6% in Okayama and 6.5% in Kochi. By age distribution, the percentage of elderly alcoholics was high, but young alcoholics in their 20s were extremely few. As for the marital state, the spouseless situation showed a high percentage. Regarding the defrayment of medical expenses, half of the patients were on relief. Alcoholics staying in hospital for a year or longer accounted for nearly one-half of the cases. Classification of the subtypes of alcoholism revealed that the problem drinking group accounted for the majority with over 60%, indicating that many cases of social problems were brought to the hospital.

Adult↗