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Biomedical subjects

H Sugimoto

Publications and source records attributed to H Sugimoto.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Effect of 3-hydroxybutyrate on posttraumatic metabolism in man.

Of 20 patients suffering trauma, with Injury Severity Scores greater than 20, 11 patients received DL-3-hydroxybutyrate (3-OHB) at a rate of 25 mumol/kg/min for 3 hours. The remaining nine patients received sodium DL-lactate at the same rate as the control subjects. With increased arterial concentrations of ketone bodies, the femoral arteriovenous difference (arterial concentration minus venous concentration) of ketone bodies increased proportionally in the 3-OHB group (R = 0.853, p less than 0.001). Venous concentrations of nonesterified free fatty acids, alanine, glycine, and valine were decreased significantly in the 3-OHB group as compared to the control group. The concentration difference between femoral vein and artery (venous concentration minus arterial concentration) for these substrates also decreased, indicating decreased release from the extremity. A decrease in venous concentration of alanine and difference between femoral vein and artery reached 102.3 +/- 69.3 mumol/L and 32.6 +/- 22.8 mumol/L (mean +/- SD), respectively, after 3-OHB infusion. Decreased alanine release from muscle during 3-OHB infusion in traumatized patients suggests a suppressive effect of ketone body on posttraumatic protein catabolism.

3-Hydroxybutyric Acid↗
PubMed1991

[Methods of anesthesia in canine heart-lung transplants].

Hypothermia has many valuable merits compared with under cardiopulmonary bypass using pump oxygenator, as known. But, on the contrary, it has some weak points, such as, long time required for cooling and rewarming. We have developed the device for rapid cooling and rewarming by using jet water blows. It appeared that the key point in hypothermia was control of ether inhalation and timing of rewarming. We demonstrated that mongrel dog could survive for at least 72 hours after transplantation of heart-lung under simple deep hypothermia with ether anesthesia. The dog was breathing 50-100 percent oxygen gas under control through respiratory ventilator. Postoperative arterial blood gases were maintained between pH 7.3-7.5 and PO2 80-200mmHg on the other hand, PCO2 was unstable from 14 to 63mmHg. It seemed that the anesthesia in canine heart-lung transplants using profound surface hypothermia with either anesthesia was useful methods.

Anesthesia, Closed-Circuit↗
PubMed1990

[MR imaging of the carpal tunnel syndrome].

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the carpal tunnel was performed in 23 wrists of 13 patients who were suspected to have carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). In ten out of 23 wrists, diagnostic images of the carpal tunnel could be obtained. MR images were analysed retrospectively as to swelling of the median nerve, signal intensity of the median nerve on T2 weighted image, and swelling of the tendon sheath. In 8 wrists the median nerve was significantly swollen at the inlet of the carpal tunnel. Four of them showed increased signal intensity of the median nerve on T2 weighed image at the inlet. Swelling of the tendon sheath was demonstrated in two cases. These finding seem to represent edematous change of the median nerve due to compression. Surgical correlation was obtained in two wrists. Since MR imaging is capable of demonstrating pathological changes of the median nerve in CTS, it can be a diagnostic tool in selected cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Vibratory and cooling detection thresholds in diabetes mellitus].

Vibratory and cooling detection thresholds (VDT and CDT) were determined at both the palmar aspect of the distal phalanx of the right index finger (upper limb) and the plantar aspect of the distal phalanx of the right great toe (lower limb) in 53 consecutive patients with diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), in order to analyze the frequency of the abnormality of each threshold and the relationship between each threshold and the clinical or laboratory findings. VDT in the lower limb was statistically correlated with age, duration of diabetes mellitus, and blood urea nitrogen value of each patient, but not with fasting blood glucose and hemoglobin A1C levels. VDT in the lower limb was significantly greater in the groups of patients with each of the subjective sensory disturbances, peripheral neuropathy (based on our criteria), retinopathy, and proteinuria. Forty-seven per cent of the patients showed clinically peripheral neuropathy, and the frequencies of the abnormality of VDT, CDT and VDT or CDT were 34, 26 and 45%, respectively. VDT and CDT reflect the abnormality of different populations of the peripheral nerve fibers and seem to be affected separately. The determination of both VDT and CDT is useful for the evaluation of the neuropathic state of diabetic patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

A cDNA clone closely associated with non-A, non-B hepatitis.

A lambda gt11 cDNA library was constructed from RNA purified from hepatitis B viral surface antigen-negative human plasma with high alanine aminotransferase activity. A cDNA clone, designated as C8-2, was isolated by immunoscreening with mixed sera from non-A, non-B hepatitis (NANBH) carrier and convalescent chimpanzees. The recombinant protein produced by C8-2 reacted specifically with sera of patients in the chronic phase of NANBH. The sequence of C8-2, 269 bp, did not hybridized with any human or chimpanzee genomic DNA, and had no homology with those of primates and viruses. The existence of this sequence in RNA of possibly infectious plasma was shown by RNA blot hybridization and by Southern blot analysis of products amplified by the polymerase chain reaction. These results strongly suggest that C8-2 is derived from the agent of this viral hepatitis.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

A sensitive and specific assay for granulocyte elastase in inflammatory tissue fluid using L-pyroglutamyl-L-prolyl-L-valine-p-nitroanilide.

Granulocyte elastase (GE, EC 3.4.21.37) is a key enzyme in tissue injury. To elucidate the role of GE in tissue injury, a new method of measuring GE activity in various inflammatory tissue fluids was developed using diazotization and the chromogenic synthetic substrate, L-pyroglutamyl-L-prolyl-L-valine-p-nitroanilide (S-2482). GE activity demonstrated first order kinetics in the range from 1.9 to 30 U/l. Other proteases, such as pancreatic elastase, trypsin, and chymotrypsin did not hydrolyze S-2484. This assay permits the determination of GE activity with a coefficient of variance less than 7.8% and 95.6 to 105.4% recovery. With this method, hydrolytic GE activity was found to be increased in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from patients with ARDS or pneumonia, synovial fluid from patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and blister fluid from burn patients.

Blister↗
PubMed1990

Does H2-receptor antagonist alter the renal function of cyclosporine-treated kidney grafts?

Histamine-type 2 antagonists (H2-blockers) as represented by cimetidine have been shown to adversely affect renal allograft function, particularly when coadministered with cyclosporine, currently a major immunosuppressant. To determine whether or not a newer and more powerful H2-blocker, famotidine, would produce similar adverse effects, we assessed seven cyclosporine-treated renal allograft recipients with regard to changes in their renal function on or off the H2-blocker over a one-week period. Neither the administration nor withdrawal of famotidine (20-40 mg/day) resulted in any significant changes in serum creatine, BUN, urine output or cyclosporine trough levels, suggesting that famotidine can be safely administered as an H2-blocker to cyclosporine-treated renal allograft recipients.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Novel piperidine derivatives. Synthesis and anti-acetylcholinesterase activity of 1-benzyl-4-[2-(N-benzoylamino)ethyl]piperidine derivatives.

A series of 1-benzyl-4-[2-(N-benzoylamino)ethyl]piperidine derivatives was synthesized and evaluated for anti-acetylcholinesterase (anti-AChE) activity. Substituting the benzamide with a bulky moiety in the para position led to a substantial increase in activity. Introduction of an akyl or phenyl group at the nitrogen atom of benzamide dramatically enhanced the activity. The basic quality of the nitrogen atom of piperidine appears to play an important role in the increased activity, since the N-benzoylpiperidine derivative was almost inactive. We found that 1-benzyl-4-[2-(N-[4'-(benzylsulfonyl) benzoyl]-N-methylamino]ethyl]piperidine hydrochloride (21) (IC50 = 0.56 nM) is one of the most potent inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase. Compound 21 showed an affinity 18,000 times greater for AChE than for BuChE. At a dose of 3 mg/kg, 21 produced a marked and significant increase in acetylcholine (ACh) content in the cerebral vortex and hippocampus of rats. Compound 21 was chosen for advanced development as an antidementia agent.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1990

An autopsy case of peritoneal malignant mesothelioma in a radiation technologist.

A case of peritoneal malignant mesothelioma in a radiation technologist, who had worked in this field for 34 years, is reported. Histopathologically, a biopsy specimen from the retroperitoneal tumor revealed a biphasic type of malignant mesothelioma. Electron microscopy disclosed that the tumor cells contained prominent microvilli, basal laminae adjacent to the stroma, junctional complexes, desmosomes, tonofilaments, clusters of glycogen granules, well developed rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), confronting cisternae showing direct continuity with the RER and membrane-bound granules suggestive of secretory activity. No increased amount of asbestos was detected in autopsied lung material or the peritoneal mesothelioma. The estimated cumulative dose of occupational irradiation was calculated to be about 40 to 50 rad at most. Irradiation was discussed in relation to the etiology of the peritoneal mesothelioma.

Autopsy↗
PubMed1990

Morphological changes in human and animal enamel rods with heating--especially limits in temperature allowing discrimination between human and animal teeth.

Little has been revealed about making discrimination between human and animal using a piece of tooth found in a burned cadaver. From the viewpoint of forensic dental medicine, it is a theme no less valuable. This experimental study was attempted for this reason. Teeth from an individual body of human, monkey, dog, rabbit and rat were heated in turn on the muffle furnace. The heating temperatures were from 200 degrees C to 1,000 degrees C in time spans of 5, 30 and 60 minutes. After heating, each tooth and its control were observed by a scanning electron microscope (magnifying power: 3,500 x or 3,600 x). At heating temperature of 500 degrees C or 600 degrees C, enamel starts to come off in lumps and cracks appear in the enamel rods. The arcaded form in human and monkey, hexagon in dog, elongated chain in rabbit, rows of short, diagonal parallel lines equally directed at every other row in rat--these basic morphological features of the enamel rods--are retained till the heat reaches 700 degrees C. The enamel rods in monkey yield to heat more easily than those in human. At 600 degrees C many cracks appear and deformation of the arcaded form starts. With heating of 5 minutes at 800 degrees C the outline of the pattern is obscured. Human and animal teeth get varied forms of cracks in the enamel rods with heating more than 5 minutes at 800 degrees C. The structure of the enamel rods is broken and morphological characteristics are lost. This makes discrimination of human and animal quite difficult.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Open heart surgery of a patient with Basedow's disease: a case report].

A case of open heart surgery of Basedow's disease was presented. A 46-year-old female was admitted for mitral regurgitation with heart failure. She suffered from Basedow's disease ten years ago, and was treated with MMI. With this treatment, her thyroid function became normal and did well over the last four years. When open heart surgery (MVR) was performed, examination of her thyroid gland revealed mild hypothyroidism, and the operation could be performed without any thyroidal trouble. We conclude, in case of heart disease with Basedow's disease, the operation can be performed without any thyroidal trouble if the thyroid function is controlled well to euthyroid for a long term. Euthyroid condition lasted 4 years in this case.

Female↗
PubMed1990

[An experimental study of reconstruction--differences of the healing process by materials].

The healing processes of carinal reconstruction by suture materials; absorbable suture (Vicryl) and nonabsorbable suture (Prolene) were compared. 67 adult mongrel dogs underwent resection of two rings of the trachea and bilateral main bronchi. This was followed by end-to-end anastomosis of the reconstructed carina and the remaining trachea. 3-0 Vicryl or 3-0 Prolene were used respectively. At some intervals, each anastomosis was removed and was analyzed by bronchoscopy, microangiography, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and light microscopy. Suture insufficiency occurred in two of 32 anastomosis sutured by Vicryl and four of 35 anastomosis sutured by Prolene sutures. Stenosis developed in one of the Vicryl group and two of the Prolene group. Vicryl showed more inflammation than Prolene for 3 weeks after surgery. In four weeks, the inflammation subsided. Anastomoses were of the same degree in both groups. In microangiography, vascular regeneration was abundant by 3 weeks, which normalized in 4 weeks showing a normal network in both groups. Normalization of the vascular network appeared the earliest at the membranous portion. Scanning electron microscopy showed no difference in the reconstruction of the cilia over the anastomosis area in the both groups. This term was 2 months. The order of reconstruction revealed by SEM was the same as observed by microangiography. But in the Prolene group, it took more than 3 months for the suture material to be completely covered with the epithelium. In light microscopy, inflammation was stronger in the group than by in the Prolene groups, and it continued for 4 weeks suture material could not be found in the anastomosis area with bronchoscopy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Anesthetic management of adrenalectomy in a patient with aldosteronism complicated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy].

We had a rare patient for adrenalectomy who had aldosteronism complicated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). It has been suggested that aldosteronism could be the cause of HCM. The association is not clear in this case, but there is a possibility that myocardial hypertrophy was deteriorated with hypertension caused by aldosteronism. Two important points of the anesthetic management of a patient with HCM are (1) to prevent direct or reflex increases in contractility, and (2) to maintain adequate preload and afterload. In a case complicated with aldosteronism, there is a risk that a significant increase in peripheral vascular resistance following the manipulation of the adrenal gland would aggravate left ventricular pressure load, resulting in a marked decrease in cardiac output. Therefore, in such a case, vasodilators which are said to be poorly tolerated in a patient with HCM might be considered to facilitate the anesthetic management, provided that the vascular system is kept appropriately full. In this case, we employed enflurane-oxygen-nitrous oxide with fentanyl to keep deep levels of general anesthesia. Nitroglycerin (NTG) was used when arterial pressure increased suddenly with the manipulation of the adrenal gland. The effect of NTG is not definitely convincing since blood pressure returned to normal after adrenal excision. But the fact that pulmonary capillary wedge pressure decreased with infusion of NTG suggests improvement of hemodynamic function.

Adrenalectomy↗
PubMed1990

[A case of coronary sinus rupture following retrograde coronary perfusion for myocardial protection].

A 48-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital suffering from chest and back pain. The aortogram and CT scanning revealed aortic dissection (DeBakey II type). Six days after onset, the emergent operation was carried out under the cardio-pulmonary bypass. Myocardial protection was made by retrograde coronary sinus perfusion (RCSP) with cold GIK. The ascending aorta was replaced with an artificial graft including the entry. Massive bleeding in the pericardial space and the rupture of coronary sinus was recognized immediately after declamping of the aorta. Repair was made successfully under induced electric ventricular fibrillation. Care for RCSP was discussed.

Coronary Vessels↗
PubMed1989

[Correlation between vibratory detection threshold and conduction study of sural nerve in diabetic patients].

Vibratory detection threshold (VDT) was determined on the plantar side of the distal phalanx of the right great toe of 22 diabetic (NIDDM) patients. In addition, a neurological examination and a sural nerve conduction study were performed. Peripheral neuropathy, based on our criteria, was found in 41% of the patients. VDT was abnormally high in 23% of the patients. The combined frequency of the abnormality of the amplitude of the action potential of the sural nerve or the conduction velocity or both was 73%. The nerve conduction study showed the highest sensitivity in detecting the abnormality of the peripheral nerve in this study; this is in agreement with the result shown in the literature. Seven patients showed no response to electrical stimulation of the sural nerve, although VDT was obtained in these patients. Among the 6 patients that underwent the normal sural nerve conduction study, no one showed abnormally high VDT. The determination of VDT seems to be a useful examination for the follow-up study of diabetic neuropathy, although it is less sensitive than the sural nerve conduction study.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1989

[MR imaging of femoral head avascular necrosis with STIR sequence].

The uncomplicated bone necrosis is usually demarcated by reactive interface (RI). To analyze signal characteristics of RI, MR imaging of the hip was done using short TI IR (STIR) as well as short/long TR pulse sequences at 0.22 tesla. On STIR sequence the RI was observed as a high-signal line or ring with the shape identical to that of short TR image. The double line sign was not seen in early stage. The best explanation of high signal intensity of RI on STIR is that it has prolonged T1 and T2 secondary to high water content. It is concluded that STIR is an unique way to demonstrate RI in early osteonecrosis.

Adult↗