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Biomedical subjects

H Steininger

Publications and source records attributed to H Steininger.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Congenital microvillous atrophy: report of two cases.

2 infants with chronic severe diarrhoea from birth and with lethal outcome have been studied. Small intestinal biopsies were examined by light and electron microscopy. Severe villous atrophy, complete loss of microvilli or rudimentary forms, intracytoplasmic vesicles, and microvillous inclusions are the characteristic features of the disease. The etiology is unknown. A disturbance in the transport of brush-border proteins to the cell surface is assumed to be the reason for congenital microvillous atrophy.

Atrophy↗
PubMed1996

Antigastric autoantibodies in Helicobacter pylori gastritis: prevalence, in-situ binding sites and clues for clinical relevance.

Colonization of human gastric mucosa with Helicobacter pylori leads to chronic active gastritis and induces the occurrence of an acquired mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) in the stomach. This remodelling of the gastric mucosa together with chronic antigen persistence may induce autoimmune reactions. The aim of this study was to investigate humoral autoimmune reactions to human gastric mucosa in H. pylori gastritis and their clinical relevance. Sera from patients with dyspeptic symptoms were tested for presence of IgG immunoglobulins against H. pylori. Gastric infection with H. pylori and alterations of gastric mucosa were demonstrated by histological examination of gastric biopsy specimens. All sera were tested for reactivity against human gastric mucosa by immunohistochemistry. Two different in-situ binding sites of antigastric autoantibodies were observed. Binding to canalicular structures within parietal cells was significantly correlated with antibodies to H. pylori, elevated basal gastrin levels and atrophy of gastric corpus glands. Our data indicate that autoimmune reactions to antigens in the human gastric mucosa occur in H. pylori gastritis and that they may play a role in the pathogenesis of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Therapy with CD7 monoclonal antibody TH-69 is highly effective for xenografted human T-cell ALL.

Human T-cell acute lymphocytic leukaemia (ALL) was established in athymic nude or severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice by injecting CEM or MOLT-16 cells. When nude mice bearing approx. 2 g of tumour were treated with a single injection of CD7 antibody TH-69, 82.6% reached complete remission within 10 d whereas 13.0% showed partial remission. Similarly, in SCID mice with advanced disease a significant prolongation of survival was seen. The therapeutic effects were dependent upon dose and affinity of the antibody. TH-69 is a high-affinity antibody (7.6 x 10(9) M-1) that rapidly induced modulation during treatment. The Fc-portion of the antibody was required for effective tumour cell killing. Complement deposition was found on tumour sections after TH-69 treatment and in part may account for tumour destruction. There was no evidence for antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). The kinetics of tumour disappearance suggested the initiation of a programmed cell death (PCD), despite the lack of significant DNA fragmentation. Unmodified high-affinity antibodies to the T-cell antigen CD7 have potential for T-cell ALL therapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[To what extent do patients with coronary heart disease want to be informed?].

To what extent do patients suffering from coronary heart disease want to be informed? New legislation on patients' rights, passed in Austria in 1993, laid down what information patients are entitled to received. This raises dilemmas. On the one hand the patient has the right to be fully informed about his condition, on the other hand, disclosure could cause sufficient stress to impair the prognosis. The doctor must balance his duty to inform against the therapeutic reasons not to inform, in his duty to care. The empirical part of this research is concerned with the wish to be informed, of patients with coronary heart disease. A questionnaire was administered to patients after bypass operation. It is hoped that the results will be helpful to doctors. Nurses, who are not legally entitled to give information may, nevertheless, find it helpful to know about patients' individual needs for information, when they deliver professional nursing care.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[Relevance of antigastric autoantibodies in Helicobacter pylori gastritis].

We have recently shown that antigastric autoantibodies occur in a considerable number of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infected patients. Particularly, autoantibodies to canaliculi within parietal cells of human gastric body mucosa are strongly associated with H. pylori gastritis. In this study we analyzed the implications of this type of autoantibody for histological and for clinical parameters of the disease. 126 patients with upper abdominal complaints were included in our study. Several histological and clinical parameters were evaluated. Presence of anticanalicular autoantibodies is significantly correlated with a higher degree of gastritis in the body mucosa, with atrophic changes in the gastric mucosa, with elevated fasting gastrin levels and a decreased pepsinogen I/pepsinogen II ratio. These data indicate, that the host's autoimmune response to canaliculi of parietal cells is of relevance for the pathogenesis and outcome of H. pylori gastritis.

Atrophy↗
PubMed1996

[Apoptosis in chronic gastritis: correlation of glandular apoptosis with antigastric autoantibodies].

In the course of time, chronic gastritis results in gastric atrophy. A typical example is type A-gastritis. Parietal cell antibodies lead to a loss of glands in the corpus mucosa. Atrophy is preceded by a preatrophic state (active type A-gastritis). Recently, gastric autoantibodies could also be detected in Helicobacter pylori induced type B-gastritis and could be specified as canalicular and luminal antibodies. The question of this study was whether apoptosis is responsible for the loss of gastric epithelium. Gastric biopsies from normal mucosa, type B-gastritis and active type A-gastritis were analysed for the presence of apoptosis using the TUNEL-method. Type B-gastritis was subdivided in cases without autoantibodies, with canalicular and luminal autoantibodies and with both types. In each case antrum- and corpus-mucosa was available and 200 cells of the foveolar as well as of the glands were counted. Normal mucosa showed only few apoptotic cells. The number of apoptosis was significantly elevated in all cases of type B-gastritis in the whole antrum and in the foveolar epithelium of the corpus. Active type A-gastritis revealed the highest number of apoptosis in the gastric glands of corpus mucosa. Subdividing type B-gastritis the most interesting result was the cases with canalicular antibodies had a similar high number of apoptosis in the corpus glands as active type A-gastritis. These cases were in this regard significantly different from cases of type B-gastritis without autoantibodies. The findings suggest that gastric atrophy might be the result of apoptosis in the gastric epithelium and that, possibly, different types of type B-gastritis lead to atrophy in different regions of the stomach.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

G-CSF-stimulated PMN in immunotherapy of breast cancer with a bispecific antibody to Fc gamma RI and to HER-2/neu (MDX-210).

Myeloid cells can mediate tumor cell cytotoxicity via certain receptors for immunoglobulins. Among the different Fc receptors, the high-affinity IgG receptor (Fc gamma RI, CD64) is a promising trigger molecule because it is selectively expressed on effector cells, including monocytes/macrophages and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-primed neutrophils. In vitro, a bispecific antibody (BsAb) (MDX-210, constructed by chemically cross-linking F(ab') fragments of monoclonal antibody (mAb) 520C9 to HER-2/neu and F(ab') fragments of mAb 22 to Fc gamma RI) mediated effective lysis of HER-2/neu overexpressing breast cancer cell lines. HER-2/neu (c-erbB2) is overexpressed in approximately 30% of breast and ovarian carcinomas and is a target for immunotherapy in clinical trials. In vitro assays showed Fc gamma RI-positive neutrophils to constitute a major effector cell population during G-CSF therapy. Based on these preclinical data and a preceding study at Dartmouth (New Hampshire) with a single dose of MDX-210 alone, a combination of G-CSF and MDX-210 is tested in a phase I study in breast cancer patients. In this study, patients receiving G-CSF are treated with escalating single doses of MDX-210. This therapy was generally well tolerated by the treated patients, some of whom reacted with fever and short periods of chills, which were temporally related to elevated plasma levels of IL-6 and TNF-alpha. After MDX-210 application, a transient decrease in the total white blood count and absolute neutrophil count (ANC) was observed. During G-CSF application, isolated neutrophils were highly cytotoxic in the presence of MDX-210 in vitro. These data indicate a potential role for G-CSF and BsAb in immunotherapy.

Antibodies, Bispecific↗
PubMed1995

Inflammatory, preneoplastic, and neoplastic changes of the gastric mucosa. Examinations by the AgNORT-technique.

The gastric surface epithelium of 101 antrum biopsies was examined by the AgNOR-technique. The material included normal mucosa, Helicobacter pylori gastritis, gastric ulcer, intestinal metaplasia type I and type III, dysplasia grades I-III and carcinoma. Starting from normal mucosa, a continuous increase in the number of AgNORs could be observed. At the same time, the size of the individual AgNOR-dots decreased. The entire AgNOR area per cell and the AgNOR quotient were ascertained. Groups of significant differences were found and could be clearly defined by cluster analysis. Intestinal metaplasia type I corresponded to inflammatory changes, whereas intestinal metaplasia type III was related to dysplastic lesions.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1993

[Ergotamine-induced rectal stenosis in a patient with long-term migraine].

A 36 year old woman was admitted to our hospital for treatment of a high-grade rectal stenosis of unknown origin. She had a history of migraine going back 10 years. On intensive questioning she admitted using up to 5 ergotamine-containing suppositories a day. On the basis of history and clinical investigations the rectal stenosis must be connected with the abuse of ergotamine-containing suppositories. This case demonstrates that patients with an unexplained rectal syndrome should be asked for analgetics-containing suppositories specifically. Only discontinuation of treatment in time can preserve the patient from development of a rectal stenosis. In case of a rectal stenosis surgical treatment can be avoided by means of endoscopic controlled dilatation.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Chronic gastritis--does it need treatment and is it curable?].

FUNDAMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS: Addition to our medical knowledge of chronic gastritis and its sequelae; changes in nomenclature. METHODS/CONTENT: Presentation of the pathophysiological situation (processes) oft colonization of the gastric mucosa by Helicobacter pylori with particular consideration being given to histomorphological findings. Discussion of the relative risk of gastritis patients contracting a gastric or duodenal ulcer, or possibly developing carcinoma of the stomach. CONCLUSIONS: On account of the possible sequela of ulcer and its potential complications, and also the presumably elevated risk of carcinoma, Helicobacter pylori associated chronic gastritis should be submitted to a diagnostic work-up and then treated.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1990

[Cholesterol, triglycerides and lipoproteins in the serum of healthy, normal weight children between 6 and 12 years of age].

Serum cholesterol, triglycerides and lipoproteins were investigated in 276 healthy, prepubertal children and adolescents of normal weight aged 6 to 12 years. The results were evaluated on the basis of the guidelines of the Austrian Cholesterol Consensus Conference 1988 and according to the 90th and 95th percentiles of the Lipid Research Clinics (LRC) data. A relatively high percentage of the probands revealed cholesterol concentrations which could be classified as "risk" (50% of the female and 53% male probands) or "high risk" (39% of the girls and 25% of the boys). Classifying the cholesterol data according to the LRC criteria 46% of the girls and 41% of the boys exceeded these "cut off" values of the 90th percentile. Our data show that the mean serum cholesterol concentrations in healthy children and adolescents of normal weight--like in other European countries--are in a region concomitant with the category in adults which is associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular diseases. We assume that apart from genetic factors a high fat intake might play a predominant role in causing these raised levels.

Austria↗
PubMed1990

[Generalized argyrosis].

For many years a 52-year-old patient suffering from duodenal ulcer had taken a silver-containing preparation, the total quantity of silver ingested in this manner amounting to about 35 g. 18 years after the first manifestation of duodenal ulcer a dermatologist diagnosed argyria and confirmed this by biopsy. After acute coronary failure with marked nicotine abuse autopsy revealed granulated deposits of silver in the corium, particularly on elastic fibres, at the sweat glands, sebaceous glands and hair follicles. There were no deposits in the epidermis. Dense silver deposits were also seen in the walls of most of the blood vessels, in the basal membranes of the renal glomeruli, of the choroid plexus and of the seminiferous tubules, as well as in the portal fields. Definite intracellular deposits occurred in macrophages only. The metal was found only rarely in epithelial basal membranes. Generalised argyria does not entail any pathological implications and is considered to be intractable.

Anti-Ulcer Agents↗
PubMed1990

[Gastritis: immunohistochemical detection of specific and nonspecific immune response to Helicobacter pylori].

Granulocyte infiltration was studied in 88 biopsies of antrum mucosa from patients with B-gastritis. Evidence of IgA-, IgG- and IgM-antibodies as well as of lysozyme in the mucosa was demonstrated by immunohistochemical methods. Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is coated by antibodies and a significant correlation between extent of opsonisation and number of plasma cells in the connective tissue of the lamina propria could be stated. Thus, the infiltration of plasma cells is a specific immune response against Hp. In the depths of gastric pits the antibody-coating of bacteria is faint. Instead, lysozyme and lactoferrin are produced there. By means of a Cross-sectional study a model is developed which characterizes B-gastritis as a dynamic process. Lagging behind, the inflammation follows the motile bacteria resulting in a patchy distribution of inflamed areas in the mucosa. At the peak of these local inflammation-waves the production of antibodies and lysozyme is intensified. Coating the bacteria with IgG and IgM results in complement activation liberating chemotaxin C5a. Consequently, there is a massive granulocyte infiltration leading to local reduction or eradication of Hp.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗