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Biomedical subjects

H Stein

Publications and source records attributed to H Stein.

At least 667 records · Page 37Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Demonstration of lysozyme, alpha 1-antichymotrypsin, alpha 1-antitrypsin, albumin, and transferrin with the immunoperoxidase method in lymph node cells.

The immunoperoxidase method was used to investigate the presence of intracytoplasmic lysozyme, alpha 1-antichymotrypsin (alpha 1-ACT), alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1-AT), transferrin, and albumin in hyperplastic and inflamed human lymph nodes. Lysozyme was demonstrated in eosinophils, neutrophils, histiocytes, in epithelioid cells, mast cells, and some lining cells of lymph node sinuses. alpha 1-ACT was detectable in many, but not all histiocytes that stained for lysozyme, and in sinus histiocytes, epithelioid cells, and mast cells, but not in neutrophils or eosinophils. alpha 1-AT was demonstrable in mast cells, neutrophils, and some epithelioid cells, but not in histiocytes. Transferrin was found in mast cells, but not in any of the other cell types investigated. Albumin was detectable in a few epithelioid cells and giant cells of the Langhans type. Lysozyme, alpha 1-ACT, alpha 1-AT, transferrin, and albumin were never demonstrable in interdigitating reticulum cells, dendritic reticulum cells, or lymphoid cells.

Albumins↗
PubMed1980

Morphological and immunological definition of a malignant lymphoma derived from germinal-centre cells with cleaved nuclei (centrocytes).

Thirteen lymphomas consisting of one particular cell type were selected from 135 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The lymphoma cells were mainly characterized by irregularly shaped nuclei and faintly stained cytoplasm. The growth pattern of the tumour was diffuse. Immunological phenotyping of suspended cells showed that the tumour cells, irrespective of whether they were isolated from lymphoma tissue or from lymphoma tissue or from peripheral blood of leukaemic cases, bore a dense layer of surface immunoglobulin, lacked cytoplasmic immunoglobulin and receptors for mouse erythrocytes, and expressed both complement-receptor subtypes (i.e., receptors for C3b and C3d) in all but one case. The exceptional case was C3b receptor-positive and C3d receptor-negative. The number of IgG-Fc receptor-bearing cells was usually small. There was a consistently small proportion of non-malignant T cells in the tumour tissue. A comparison of the properties of these lymphomas with those of other types of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and of non-malignant lymphoid cells, shows that the cells of this type of lymphoma (a) differ morphologically and/or immunologically from the cells of all other known types of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and (b) resemble centrocytes (cleaved follicular-centre cells) of reactive germinal centres. Thus, this type of lymphoma appears to be an entity that is closely related to, or even derived from, centrocytes.

Cytoplasm↗
PubMed1980

RNA polymerase III from Drosophila hydei pupae. Purification and partial characterization.

DNA-dependent RNA polymerase III, which is usually highly resistant to alpha-amanitin, has been purified from Drosophila hydei pupae. The enzyme is insensitive to alpha-amanitin concentrations up to 0.1 microM; at 100 microM alpha-amanitin the enzyme activity is inhibited by approximately 10%. The enzyme was extracted at low ionic strength and purified to homogeneity by six purification steps; 0.1--0.2 mg enzyme/kg pupae could be obtained. The subunit composition of the enzyme was determined after sucrose-gradient centrifugation by sodium dodecyl sulphate electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels. The enzyme was resolved into putative subunits of molecular weight 154 000, 135 000, 62 000, 58 000, 38 000, 32 000, 31 000, 27 200, 26 500, 21 500 and 17 500. This subunit composition is in general accord with that of eucaryotic class III enzymes. The catalytic properties (salt-activation profile, ratio of activity with denatured DNA to that with native DNA) and the order of elution of the enzyme from DEAE-cellulose with respect to RNA polymerase II agree with the classification of the isolated enzyme as an RAN polymerase III.

Amanitins↗
PubMed1980

Immunohistologic analysis of the organization of normal lymphoid tissue and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.

Hoping to improve the systems for identifying and classifying normal and malignant lymphoid subpopulations, frozen and paraffin sections of nonmalignant lymphoid tissue and of malignant lymphomas were immunostained for surface (S) and cytoplasmic antigens using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method. Primary follicle cells and follicle mantle cells known to be part of the recirculating B-cell pool were found to be constantly Ia and C3 receptor (C3R) positive, mostly SIgM and SIgD positive and cytoplasmic immunoglobulin (CIg) negative. The light zone of germinal centers (GC), which is rich in centrocytes, contained a large number of T cells and showed the well-known intercellular Ig network pattern; the dark zone, containing densely packed centroblasts, was usually free of T cells, but was bordered ay a mantle-like accumulation of T cells. Usually only some of the GC cells were definitely positive for SIg and CIg of different classes. All cells reacted positively for Ia and C3R. In areas described by other authors as containing marginal zone cells, cells densely bearing SIgM and deficient in SIgD were detected. The immunoblasts of the hyperplastic plasma cell reaction usually contained CIg. Cells from chronic lymphoid leukemia sections that immunostained for SIgM and SIgD were interpreted as representing a neoplasm of recirculating B cells expressing SIgM and SIgD. The immunohistologic architecture of follicular centroblastic/centrocytic lymphoma showed a more or less close similarity to the organization of secondary follicles. Lymphomas whose cells resembled reactive centrocytes were strongly SIgM positive and SIgD negative or only weakly SIgD positive. CIg was demonstrable in nearly 90% of the lymphomas whose cells resembled centroblasts and in 70% of the lymphomas whose cells resembled immunoblasts of the plasma cell reaction. Finally, immunohistologic staining results from a T-zone lymphoma are presented, which confirm that this lymphoma was composed of a neoplastic T zone and a non-malignant B zone.

Antigens↗
PubMed1980

[Use and effectiveness of live vaccines in industrialized livestock production].

There is an inseparable correlation between higher livestock performance and animal health with many visible repercussions in terms of further intensification of livestock farming. This is the background against which immunobiological action is defined as a major element of all efforts which are undertaken for the purpose of ensuring high-stability and high-continuity and no-problem production. Underlined in this paper is the great role played by legal provisions for immunisation concepts as well as by straight-forward guidance, organisation, and documentation of all uses of live vaccines. Practical experience so far obtained from the use of vaccines and its effects under conditions of industrialised livestock farming is reported in this paper, with particular reference being made to swine fever and transmissible gastro-enteritis of swine.

Animal Diseases↗
PubMed1980

Chronic paroxysmal hemicrania (CPH). The clinical manifestations. A review.

Eight definite and 10 possible cases of CPH are known to the authors. Decisive diagnostic features in the differential diagnosis versus ordinary cluster headache (Horton's headache) seem to be: the presence of headache every day, a high maximum daily attack frequency (greater than or equal to attacks/24 hours) and an absolute indomethacin effect. There is increasing evidence for a female preponderance in CPH. It emerges from this study that there frequently (or invariably?) is a pre-CPH stage with atypical attack pattern, usually lasting several years. Pregnancy seems to have a rather clear ameliorating effect on attack frequency and severity. In other patients, the very onset of headache is immediately after delivery. The importance of recognizing this special headache from a clinical point of view is clear since this disabling disorder can be completely abolished by drug therapy.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1980

Xenoantiserum to human C3 receptors: its preparation and effect on the C3b and C3d receptors of tonsil cells and the C3b receptors of erythrocytes and neutrophils.

Antisera directed against complement (C3) receptors on human tonsil cells were prepared and tested for their capacity to block specifically C3 receptors on various types of human cells. The antisera were capable of blocking both membrane-bound and solubilized C3 receptors of human tonsil cells. The C3b receptors of human erythrocytes and granulocytes were also blocked by the anti-C3 receptor sera. Sheep erythrocyte rosette formation was not affected. IgG-EoxA rosette formation was only slightly reduced by the anti-C3 receptor sera. Immunofluorescent staining with anti-C3 receptor sera revealed only a faint or negative staining of T cells and a distinct staining of EAC-reactive tonsil cells, lymphocytic leukaemia cells, and granulocytes. Absorption of the antisera with human serum proteins, brain, thymus, liver, EU-1 cell line cells, or trypsinized tonsil cells did not influence the capacity of the anti-C3 receptor sera to inhibit C3 receptors, whereas absorption with splenic tissue or tonsil cells completely removed the blocking activity of the anti-C3 receptor sera. Absorption with human erythrocytes or kidney removed only the inhibitory effect of the antisera on C3b receptors of tonsil cells, human erythrocytes, and granulocytes, but not on C3d receptors of tonsil cells. The results indicate that (a) the antisera prepared with the described procedure contained significant amounts of antibody against C3 receptors, (b) the receptors for C3b and C3d differe in antigenicity, and (c) the C3b receptors of tonsil cells, human erythrocytes, granulocytes, and probably glomerular cells have common antigenic sites.

Complement C3↗
PubMed1980

Physicochemical characterization of C3b receptors isolated from human erythrocytes by immunoprecipitation.

A high yield of active C3b receptors was obtained by solubilizing human erythrocyte membranes with 2 M KBr, whereas other solubilization agents yielded no, or significantly less activity. Gel filtration of the KBr lysates revealed that the apparent molecular wieght of biologically active C3b receptor molecules was greater than 1 x 10(6). Immunoprecipitates prepared with radio-iodinated KBr lysates and anti-C3 receptor sera (AC3RS) were subjected to sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) or sodium dodecyl gel filtration. Unreduced SDS-PAGE and gel filtration profiles showed three predominant peaks with apparent mol. wts of 1--1.3 x 10(6), 80,000 and 60,000. Whereas the high mol. wt component decreased only slightly after reduction, the 80,000 and 60,000 mol. wt components disappeared and two new peaks with apparent mol. wts of 38,000 and 18,000 appeared in SDS-PAGE profiles. Although the high mol. wt component present in reduced SDS-PAGE profiles was detectable in some of the control experiments, none of the other peaks could be precipitated with control sera, and these components could be demonstrated only when KBr lysates of C3b receptor-positive erythrocytes and AC3RS that were able to inhibit ligand binding of the C3b receptors were used for precipitation. These findings suggest that (a) the C3b receptor of human erythrocytes in its biologically active state is a macromolecule with an apparent mol. wt higher than 1 x 10(6) and (b) the protein moiety consists predominantly of non-covalently linked protein molecules with apparent mol wts of 80,000 and 60,000. These protein molecules are composed of disulphide-bridged polypeptide chains with apparent mol. wts of 38,000 and 18,000.

Chromatography, Gel↗
PubMed1979

Properties of an Fc gamma-binding protein isolated from human leukemic B cells.

A selectively Fc gamma-binding protein was isolated from purified and radioiodinated cell membranes from two cases of B-type chronic lymphocytic leukemia and one case of B-type prolymphocytic leukemia by binding to IgG aggregates, horseradish peroxidase-anti-peroxidase IgG complexes, and sheep erythrocyte membrane sheets densely coated with IgG. This protein could not be isolated from the cell membranes of an Fc gamma-receptor-negative chronic lymphocytic leukemia of the T type or from membranes of human erythrocytes. The Fc gamma-binding protein was efficiently solubilized by a mixture of Na-EDTA and 2-mercaptoethanol, but not with one of these agents alone, indicating that both divalent cations and disulfide bridges are involved in the linkage of the Fc gamma-binding protein to the cell membrane. In sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the Fc gamma-binding protein revealed an apparent mol wt of 28,000 and in isoelectric focusing it showed an isoelectric point of 5.5. The electrophoretic mobility of the 28,000-dalton protein did not change after reduction and alkylation. It was determined that the NH2-terminal amino acid of the protein was glycine. The isolated protein was unable to agglutinate antibody-coated erythrocytes. These findings suggest that the 28,000-dalton IgG-affined protein was composed to O2-enriched buffer lacking reducing agents, the 28,000-dalton protein aggregated to a 115,000-dalton molecule. The isolated Fc gamma-binding protein proved to be different from C1q or its subunits.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1979

Neonatal mortality in a Black urban community.

An autopsy study carried out on 103 neonates showed a high incidence of twins, mainly second twins. The commonest cause of death was asphyxia, predominantly among the small-for-gestational-age (SGA) babies, and this was possibly associated with placental insufficiency. Hyaline membrane disease (HMD) was the next most common cause and occurred in the majority in the first 24 hours. Pulmonary haemorrhage, which used to be common in this population, was very rare. More than 50% of the deaths occurred on the first day of life.

Black or African American↗