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Biomedical subjects

H Stein

Publications and source records attributed to H Stein.

At least 631 records · Page 35Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Retrospective analysis of 1500 mamma biopsies from 1951-1975. A way of self-control in pathology.

Recently, doubts have been raised regarding the accuracy of histopathological diagnosis. For reasons of quality control, three groups of 500 mamma biopsies each, covering the consecutive periods 1951-1953, 1963-1964, 1975 were re-examined microscopically. The quota of error for material re-diagnosed as false-positive or false-negative was 0.13%. 23 pre and early malignant alterations, formerly "suspected" cases and descriptive diagnoses were considered as "borderline" cases, and re-examined separately by 3 different pathologists. In only 4 cases the suspected malignancy, i.e. the diagnosis of so-called CLIS, was not confirmed. A relative increase of unsuspected mamma biopsies became apparent in the last period of investigation, possible due to the wide range of pre-surgical examination methods used today, or to increasing clinical efforts to detect pre-malignant alterations. No shift could be established in the mastopathy-group.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1982

[Rhabdomyosarcoma of the pulmonary artery (author's transl)].

A case of a 55-year-old man with the histological diagnosis rhabdomyosarcoma of the left pulmonary artery has been seen. Lung scanning and pulmonary arteriography are the clues for the diagnostical procedure. 55 cases from the literature are reviewed and clinical findings of the early and late stages of the diseases are discussed. Surgical treatment is the therapy of choice if ever possible; aggressive chemotherapy might be an acceptable alternative.

Cyclophosphamide↗
PubMed1982

R-loop mapping of calf-thymus RNA polymerase II. Transcripts in vitro on restriction fragments of adenovirus 2 DNA.

Nascent RNA, synthesized by calf thymus ENA polymerase II on the restriction endonuclease EcoRI fragment A and BamHI fragment B of adenovirus 2 DNA, was rehybridized to the template strand under conditions allowing transcription R-loop formation. Hybrids, visualized by electron microscopy, were found in looped and in branched configurations, the former being abundant, with an average loop number of roughly four per EcoRI fragment A and three per BamHI fragment B. Frequency distributions of transcription R-loops, synthesized on identical restriction fragments for different periods of time, showed similar patterns, thus pointing to a nonrandom type of transcription. A comparison of the frequency distribution of R-loops seen on the two overlapping restriction fragments reveals reasonable coincidence in the loop pattern in one out of the four possible fragment orientations, permitting correlation of the transcription R-loop pattern with the physical map of the adenovirus 2 DNA. Comparison of start sites tentatively mapped in vitro with the known promoters for RNA polymerase II in vivo suggests that a major transcription site in vitro is located in close proximity to, or identical with, two promoters in vivo at 16.1 and 16.5 map units.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1982

Use of monoclonal antibodies for the histopathological diagnosis of human malignancy.

This paper describes the use of a panel of seven monoclonal antibodies (selected so as to include reagents reactive with both epithelial and lymphoid cells) for distinguishing between anaplastic carcinoma and high grade lymphoma. Details are given of the immunohistological reactions of these antibodies against a wide range of both normal and malignant tissues and of a number of practical instances in which use of the antibody panel enabled a diagnosis to be made when routine histological examination had been inconclusive.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Transplantation of free perichondrial grafts into rabbit articular cartilage is associated with matrix vesicle calcification.

Autogenous perichondrial grafts from rabbit ear were transplanted into articular cartilage defects in the knee joint. Electron micrographs performed after 2 months revealed calcifications associated with cartilaginous-forming cells and extracellular matrix vesicles. Many of these vesicles contained apatite crystals, particularly in areas adjacent to the calcifying fronts. In these areas the vesicular membrane was occasionally ruptured by the crystals. Many crystals in the calcifying front proper were organized alongside collagen fibers. Examination of sham-operated and normal controls revealed the occurrence of non-calcifying matrix vesicles. The results of the present and previous studies suggest that matrix vesicles occur in normal articular cartilage in a latent form, their calcification being associated with changes of the metabolic state of the tissue.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Characteristics of Hodgkin's disease-derived cell lines.

In the last 3 years we were able to establish five long-term in vitro cell cultures from biopsy specimens taken preterminally from four patients with histologically proven Hodgkin's disease (nodular sclerosing type, clinical stage IVB). Four of the lines are continuously proliferating in vitro; one culture stopped growth for unknown reasons after 7 months. When culture conditions were modulated, the first culture, L 428, gave rise to two sublines: L 428 KS, after adaptation to calf serum, and L 428 KSA, permanently growing as an adherent monolayer line after treatment with a phorbol ester (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate) for 3 weeks. Cell-marker analysis by conventional means (SIg, cIg, rosette formation, Epstein-barr virus reactivity, cytochemistry, phagocytosis, and lysozyme production) and with monoclonal antibodies directed against various human lymphoid, myeloid, and monocytoid antigens showed that the tested cell lines are clearly different from all hitherto described hematopoietic lines; they most likely represent a cell type resembling an early myeloid-monocytoid progenitor cell. Conditioned medium of the L 428 cells and its two sublines showed colony-stimulating factor activity and suppression of spontaneous cell-mediated cytolysis of L 428 KS and K 562 cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Complement (C3) receptors on dendritic reticulum cells of normal and malignant lymphoid tissue.

The aim of this study was to investigate whether dendritic reticulum cells (DRC) in normal lymphoid tissue and in malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphomas possess receptors for the third complement component (C3 receptors). For this purpose we studied the in situ expression of C3 receptors in lymphoid tissue by staining frozen tissue sections with an antiserum specific for human C3 receptors (AC3RS), using a modified immunoperoxidase method. The results indicate that DRC of normal and malignant lymphoid tissue express large amounts of C3 receptors. Absorption experiments revealed that the C3 receptors of DRC are identical with, or at least share common antigenic sites with, the C3 receptors expressed by tonsil B cells.

Child↗
PubMed1982

Human complement (C3b) receptors defined by a mouse monoclonal antibody.

The aim of the present study was to prepare a monoclonal antibody against human C3 receptors. The monoclonal antibody termed C3RTo5, which is characterized in this study, inhibited the ligand binding of C3b receptors of human erythrocytes, neutrophils and lymphocytes, but did not block the ligand binding of C3bi and C3d receptors. C3RTo5 reacted only with cells that express C3b receptors. It did not react with cells that do not express C3 receptors or with cells that express C3 receptors other than C3b receptors. The reactivity of C3RT05 against C3b receptors of human erythrocytes, neutrophils, glomerular cells, tonsil cells, or spleen cells could be removed by absorption with human erythrocytes or tonsil cells, whereas absorption with human peripheral T cells or sheep erythrocytes had no effect. In immunoprecipitation studies, a glycoprotein with a mol. wt of 205,000 could be isolated with C3RTo5 from non-ionic detergent lysate of tritiated tonsil cells. A rabbit antiserum prepared against this glycoprotein was able to stain C3b receptor-positive cells, inhibit C3b receptor ligand-binding activity and, furthermore, to precipitate a 205,000 mol. wt component. The results of this study indicate that C3RTo5 is a monoclonal antibody with selective reactivity to C3b receptors and presumably to the binding sites within the receptor molecule. Using C3RTo5 further strong evidence was obtained that membrane-bound C3b receptors have a mol. wt of 205,000.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Hodgkin and sternberg-reed cell antigen(s) detected by an antiserum to a cell line (L428) derived from Hodgkin's disease.

Antisera to the cell line L428, derived from Hodgkin's disease, were raised in rabbits by injecting L428 cells intravenously and subcutaneously. The anti-L428 cell serum that did not react with HLA-DR was absorbed with tonsil cell plus acute myeloid leukemia cells or tonsil cells plus neutrophils, monocytes, and blood lymphocytes. Then it was tested for its ability to discriminate between L428 cells, Hodgkin and Sternberg-Reed cells, and various other cells. It was found that the anti L428 cell serum absorbed with tonsil cells plus acute myeloid leukemia cells stained only L428 cells, Hodgkin and Sternberg-Reed cells, and neutrophils. The anti L428 cell serum absorbed with tonsil cell plus neutrophils, monocytes, and blood lymphocytes reacted with L428 cells and Hodgkin and sternberg-Reed cells from 13 cases of Hodgkin's disease. It did not react with any other cell type present in the blood or in lymphoid tissue or with cells from five cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The absorbed anti-L428 cell serum also failed to stain Daudi and HRIK cell line cells. We conclude that the anti-L428 cell serum defines an antigen that is apparently restricted in expression to L428 cells and Hodgkin and Sternberg-Reed cells. This is a strong indication that the L428 cell line cells are derived from Hodgkin and Sternberg-Reed cells.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1981

Extracellular matrix vessels in human osteogenic neoplasms: an ultrastructural and enzymatic study.

The results of a study of the ultrastructural and enzymatic features of extracellular matrix vesicles in human osteogenic neoplasms are reported. Specimens from three osteosarcomas, a chondrosarcoma, and an osteoblastoma were processed for electron microscopic study and for preparation of vesicular, membrane, and cellular fractions. Electron micrographs of each lesion showed primary mineralization comprised of matrix vesicles and calcifying nodules. There was a distinct pattern of distribution of enzymatic activity among fractions from the osteosarcomas; namely that the highest values for specific activity of alkaline and pyrosphosphatases and adenosine triphosphases (ATPases) in the vesicle fractions and lowest in the cell fractions. This pattern was not consistent in fractions from the other neoplasms. The aforementioned enzymes are considered essential for the onset of mineralization. The data presented establish the role of matrix vesicles in neoplastic calcification and suggest the need for further studies into the diagnostic value of the vesicles.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1981

Lymphoproliferation and heterotransplantation in nude mice: tumor cells in Hodgkin's disease.

In the last 3 years we were able to establish four long-term cultures from Hodgkin-derived material [pleural effusions (2), bone marrow (1), and peripheral blood (1)], consisting of cells which represent morphologic and cytochemical as well as cytogenetic features of their in vivo ancestors. Two of these cell lines are described in this paper. These two lines share the same features: non-B-T lymphocytes, non-macrophages, non myeloid cells, EBV genome negative, monoclonality, multiple numerical and structural chromosome aberrations, and tumor formation upon intracranial xenotransplantation in nude mice. The two remaining lines are being characterized at the moment. The common characteristics expressed synonymously in the two described lines suggest that the Hodgkin tumor cell does not seem to share the features of marker-carrying lymphocytes, macrophages, or myeloblasts. The cellular origin of these cells is not clear. The loss of cellular differential markers during the process of possible dedifferentiation is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

The occurrence of hydroxyapatite crystals in extracellular matrix vesicles after surgical manipulation of the rabbit knee joint.

Free autologous grafts of synovial tissue were transplanted into experimental defects produced in the articular cartilage of rabbit knee joints. The grafted tissue underwent transformation into fibrocartilage. Extracellular matrix vesicles associated with calcified areas were present at the grafted sites. Hydroxyapatite crystals were found within these vesicles and in their vicinity. No calcification occurred in articular cartilage from sham operated joints in which defects were produced but no grafts made and in normal controls. These tissues showed abundant matrix vesicles devoid of crystalline mineral. A careful study of normal synovial tissue did not reveal matrix vesicles and calcifications. The present observations suggest that matrix vesicles in normal articular cartilage exist in a latent form. Vesicle mineralization following surgical manipulations of the joint is probably a manifestation of the metabolic stage of the tissue.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

The foot-ground pressure distribution following triple arthrodesis.

The present is a long-term follow-up study of patients who underwent triple arthrodesis for a variety of pathologic alterations. Utilizing a new method for both the qualitative and quantitative measurement of foot-ground pressure patterns, these patterns were recorded in forty control feet and twenty-six operated feet. In the patient group, less equal distribution of body weight between both feet was observed in comparison to the control group. In the latter, the main load underneath the foot was distributed underneath the forefoot and heel, while in the patient group, this load distribution had persistently shifted to the midfoot and heel, thus producing a completely different foot-ground pressure pattern. Furthermore, under the forefoot, the main load was located under the medial two rays in the control group, shifting towards the lateral rays in the patient group. The talo-navicular joint had the highest rate of non-union, but no positive correlation between that finding and persistent pain was found. Feet affected by neurological disorders often became pain-free following surgery, but none of the patients showed such post-traumatic relief.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Immunohistological analysis of human lymphoid tissue by double immunoenzymatic labelling.

The increasing number of antigens detectable in human lymphoid tissue (particularly since the advent of monoclonal antibodies) makes it necessary to have techniques available for studying the relative distribution patterns of pairs of antigens in tissue sections. Double immunoenzymatic labelling (using peroxidase and alkaline phosphatase) offers a number of advantages over double immunofluorescence, including the fact that the two antigens can be visualised simultaneously (rather than sequentially) and that the labels are permanent. In studying paraffin-embedded human lymphoid tissue an important application of the double immunoenzymatic technique lies in distinguishing Ig-positive cells containing exogenous Ig (which stain for only a single light chain class). In addition double staining of paraffin sections for IgG and IgM has been used to show that "switch" cells containing both these classes of heavy chain are rare in reactive lymphoid tissue. The potential scope of the double immunoenzymatic technique has been extended by showing that the procedure is applicable to cryostat sections (in which antigenic reactivity is better preserved than in paraffin sections) and by adapting it for use with monoclonal antibodies (by preparing "monoclonal PAP" complexes).

Antigens↗