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Biomedical subjects

H Shiono

Publications and source records attributed to H Shiono.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Effects of ethanol on testicular steroidogenesis in the rat.

The effects of ethanol and NAD+ on the pregnenolone-to-testosterone pathway of testicular steroidogenesis in lysed Leydig cell preparations were investigated. Testosterone and four precursor steroids were determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry after incubation of the cell preparations with 100 microM of pregnenolone and appropriate concentrations of ethanol (1-100 mM). Concentrations of all 4-ene-steroids measured were significantly decreased even at the lowest concentration of ethanol. When NAD+ (0.1 mM) was added to the incubation medium, the levels of progesterone and 17-hydroxyprogesterone returned to control values, whereas those of androstenedione and testosterone remained decreased. These results suggest that ethanol may inhibit testicular steroidogenesis by suppressing at least two steps in the pregnenolone-to-testosterone pathway, the pregnenolone-to-progesterone step catalysed by NAD+-dependent 5-ene-3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/isomerase and the 17-hydroxy-progesterone-to-androstenedione step catalysed by the NAD+-independent C17-20 lyase.

17-alpha-Hydroxypregnenolone↗
PubMed1987

A single fatal penetrating chest wound caused by a dagger-shaped fragment of broken door glass.

A 19-year-old woman ran against a glass door, and, breaking it, was struck in the left anterior chest by a single dagger-like fragment of broken door glass. This fragment deeply penetrated her chest and wounded the anterior wall of the left ventricle of her heart. She rapidly died from loss of blood. The majority of single fatal penetrating chest wounds seen at postmortem examinations are caused by firearms and bladed weapons. While penetrating chest wounds occasionally result from fragments of glass, most severe and fatal wounds from glass result from one's falling into or through plate glass and sustaining wounds of the head, face, abdomen, or extremities. A single fatal wound from a dagger-shaped piece of glass is distinctly uncommon. To prevent such an accident from occurring, safety glass must be used in front doors of public institutions.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Clinical, biochemical and enzymatic studies in type I hyperprolinemia associated with chromosomal abnormality.

A severe mentally retarded infant with type I hyperprolinemia associated with chromosomal abnormality is reported. The patient had a characteristic facial appearance of hyperprolinemia and suffered from convulsions after the age of 10 months. The child developed severe mental and motor retardation. The karyotype of the patient revealed partial duplication of the short arm in chromosome 10 using G banding techniques. The patient and her mother showed a fasting hyperprolinemia and an abnormal clearance curve after the proline load in the serum. The proline oxidase activities of the liver tissues obtained by biopsy in the patient was about 9% of those of controls. Kinetic studies and mixed experiments of the enzyme were with normal limits. Restriction of dietary proline at the age of 12 months revealed a prompt fall of the plasma levels of proline to the normal range, and a low proline diet was continued until the present time. During the period of dietary treatment, growth was satisfactory, but her mental development did not improve. From the developmental patterns of proline oxidase activities postnataldy, we speculated that restriction of dietary proline intake should be relieved with age.

Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors↗
PubMed1986

Suicide by self-inflicted stab wound of the chest.

A case is presented in which a 44-year-old man stabbed himself in the heart with a kitchen knife, then changed his bloody clothes, and ate lunch with his aunt, who did not notice the event. After 2 h he died of cardiac tamponade.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Medicolegal aspects of infanticide in Hokkaido District, Japan.

Since 1978, a total of 55 infanticides were investigated by our department (16.9% of the total number of medicolegal autopsies). This article describes the infanticides in the Hokkaido district of northern Japan. The characteristic finding for the cause of death was drowning in the toilet. This mode of killing seems to be chosen because of the style of toilet in the district, which includes a collecting tank for feces and urine under the commode.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1986

Dermatoglyphics in medicine.

The relative frequencies of various dermatoglyphic features have been reviewed for chromosomal disorders. When combined with other clinical features of a particular disease, dermatoglyphics can serve to strengthen a diagnostic impression and may be useful in screening select individuals for additional diagnostic studies.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMed1986

[Congenital absence of the anterior compartment muscle of both legs--a case report].

A case of the congenital defect of the anterior compartment of the legs is reported, and is the first one in the literature. This case presented bilateral talipes equinovarus deformity at birth on a sister of identical twins. The abnormalities of the leg muscles were found from lack of active dorsiflexion of the ankle and the toes after initial walking. In the surgical finding, the deep peroneal nerve was normal, but the anterior compartment muscles of the leg were completely replaced by the fatty tissue. Microscopically, the normal muscle fibers were scattered in the fatty tissue with the small vessels and the nerve fibers. The etiology of the congenital muscle defect has been in controversy, but as yet there have been few case reports of lower leg muscle defect. In the treatment of congenital club foot, one should consider the congenital defect of the anterior compartment muscles.

Clubfoot↗
PubMed1985

Chromosome heteromorphisms and paternity testing.

Most of the blood group systems have now been applied to paternity investigations. In a complicated case, an alleged father not excluded with blood group testing, could be excluded with only chromosome heteromorphisms. Chromosome heteromorphisms are inherited from parents to offspring as simple Mendelian laws. The authors' paternity testing is presented with the help of chromosome heteromorphism analysis.

Blood Grouping and Crossmatching↗
PubMed1984

Triphalangeal thumb and dermatoglyphics.

The dermatoglyphics of nine Japanese (three males and six females) with triphalangeal thumb were studied. The dermal pattern on the triphalangeal thumb showed the high increased frequency of radial loop pattern (69.2%).

Dermatoglyphics↗
PubMed1983

Anomalous hands with cleft formation between the fourth and fifth digits.

Three similar cases of cleft hand deformities between the fourth and fifth digits accompanied by hypoplasia of the small finger are reported. After analyses of clinical photographs, radiographs, angiograms, and dermatoglyphic prints of these abnormal hands, it is difficult to fit them into either the ulnar ray deficiency or cleft hand categories of the system of classification adopted by the International Federation of Societies for Surgery of the Hand.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1982

The Sydney line and the simian line: the incidence in Down's syndrome patients with mental retardation and Japanese controls.

The frequencies of the Sydney line and the simian line on the palms of 694 normal Japanese subjects (500 males and 194 females), 180 with Down's syndrome (113 males and 67 females) and 107 with mental retardation (62 males and 45 females) were studied and the following conclusions were obtained: the frequency of the Sydney line tends to be lower in normal Japanese controls than in Australian and North American controls, and the simian line tends to be higher in normal Japanese controls than in Australian and North American controls. Of these two palmar creases, the simian line is more useful in identification of Down's syndrome patients than is the Sydney line in the Japanese population.

Adolescent↗