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Biomedical subjects

H Shibata

Publications and source records attributed to H Shibata.

At least 577 records · Page 32Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Clinical study of the effect of cisplatin therapy in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma].

Twenty-one cases of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), including 15 cases receiving intravenous infusion of CDDP in addition to transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE), and 6 cases receiving intraarterial infusion of CDDP in combination with sodium thiosulfate rescue (STS rescue) were studied. In the 15 cases given intravenous infusion therapy with TAE, favorable effects were observed in 33.3% of patients, and the 50% survival period was 22.5 months. In the 6 cases given intraarterial infusion, favorable effects were obtained in 66.6% of patients, but the 50% survival period was 2 months. The side effects observed most frequently were nausea and vomiting. All the other side effects observed were not so severe. These results suggest that intravenous CDDP infusion in addition to TAE is favorable, producing a life-prolongation effect.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Treatment of malignant gliomas with high-dose ACNU and autologous bone marrow transplantation].

Two patients with malignant gliomas located in the frontal lobe were treated by supraophthalmic intracarotid infusion of high-dose ACNU 15 mg/kg (ca. 600 mg/m2) combined with a total 60 Gy of irradiation after surgery. Irradiation therapy was started 13 days (case 1) and 10 days (case 2) after surgery, and single chemotherapy with ACNU 1,020 mg (case 1) and 1,100 mg (case 2) was performed when 36 Gy of whole brain irradiation was done. Chemotherapy was followed by autologous bone marrow transplantation containing 6.8 X 10(9) and 8.9 X 10(8) nucleated cells, respectively. Nadirs of white cell counts on 9 days in case 1 and 14 days in case 2 after chemotherapy were 280 cells and 240 cells/mm3, respectively, and the white cell counts less than 1,000/mm3 continued for 7 and 12 days, respectively. Local irradiation was started again when the number of white cells became more than 1,000/mm3 and 24 Gy was completed in each case. CT scanning carried out on discharge demonstrated no apparent abnormal high density area by contrast medium in both cases. These two patients did not show severe side effects at 10 months in case 1 and at 3 months in case 2 after high dose ACNU therapy, and remained progression-free at that time. Dose 15 mg/kg of ACNU may be the maximum tolerable dose patients can recover from severe myelosuppression, caused by high dose ACNU therapy combined with irradiation therapy, by marrow rescue.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1988

Human polymorphonuclear leukocyte activating factor isolated from Aleurites Fordii Hemsl. (Euphorbiaceae) seed.

A human polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) activating factor (AFH-S) was isolated from a tropical plant seed, Aleurites Fordii Hemsl. (AFH) in PBS. It is found that the AFH-S stimulate human PMNs and induced superoxide generation and chemotaxis. Superoxide generation was affected by the extracellular calcium ion or pretreatment with H-7 (PK-C inhibitor), but not by mepacrine (PLA2 inhibitor) or pertussis toxin (islet-activating protein: IAP). Furthermore, a lag time exists dose-dependently. In addition the cytosolic calcium was not increased by the stimulation with AFH-S. Thus, the receptor for AFH-S was suggested to be independent from Ni-like protein, PI-response, or PLA2-activation, and stimulate PMNs through activation of PK-C.

1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine↗
PubMed1988

[Efficacy and safety of cefbuperazone in severe infections complicating hematologic diseases Hanshin Infection Study Group].

Cefbuperazone (CBPZ) was administered to patients with severe infections complicating hematologic diseases to assess its efficacy and safety under such clinical conditions. Primary diseases in this series of 78 cases included; acute leukemia in 41 cases, chronic leukemia in 6 cases, other leukemia in 9 cases, malignant lymphoma in 13 cases, multiple myeloma in 3 cases, aplastic anemia in 5 cases and 1 other case. Types of infection included sepsis; proven or suspected, in 59 cases, pulmonary infection in 8 cases, upper respiratory infection in 5 cases, and other cases. CBPZ was infused by an intravenous drip method at a dosage of 4-8 g daily. Patients' ages ranged from 14 to 85 years. Clinical response to the CBPZ regimen was excellent in 24 cases, good in 22 cases, fair in 2 cases, and poor in 30 cases. Thus the overall efficacy rate (percentage of cases showing an excellent or good response) was 59.0%. Efficacy rates for individual types of infection were: documented sepsis 16.7%, suspected sepsis 58.5%, lower respiratory infection 62.5%, and upper respiratory infection 100%. CBPZ also proved to be effective in 61.0% of cases with a neutrophil count of less than 500/mm3 prior to therapy. Side effects encountered were diarrhea in 1 case, gastric discomfort in 1 case and hepatic dysfunction in 5 cases. These side effects, however, were not dose-related, and none were serious. These results indicate that CBPZ has a high therapeutic efficacy even in patient with compromised immunodefenses.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation].

The probability of long term survival for allogeneic graft patients was 63% for ALL, 60% for ANL and 47% for CML in the 1st remission or 1st chronic phase of each leukemia. The major causes of death were interstitial pneumonia, relapse of leukemia and infections. On relationship of GVHD and the long term survival, the probability of 5 years survival was 38%, 47% and 25% in grade 0, I and II-IV of acute GVHD respectively. The difference might be due to that of relapse rate of leukemia. And the relationship between the relapse rate and GVHD, the patients with both of acute and chronic GVHD showed the lowest relapse rate 15.9%, the patients without GVHD showed the highest relapse rate 37.8% and the patients with either of GVHD showed the rate of between those of two groups. This may suggest that GVHD both acute and chronic might have an ability that can suppress the relapse of leukemia, i.e. GVL reaction. Interstitial pneumonia occurred in 32% of allograft patients and was often lethal complication (53%). Among many of prophylaxis tested, the followings were effective, a lower dose rate of total body irradiation, the selection of CMV-seronegative platelets donor, and the prophylactic administration of anti-CMV high titer globulin. Colony stimulating factor of human urine was also effective for shortening the granulopenic period after transplantation to prevent severe infections.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

Interstitial pneumonitis following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in the treatment of leukemia based on BMT survey in Japan.

Data from 208 patients with leukemia who were treated with allogeneic bone marrow transplantation between 1975 and 1985 were reported to the Japanese Bone Marrow Transplant Registry and were available for this analysis. These patients were classified into 82 of acute lymphocytic leukemia, 91 of acute non-lymphocytic leukemia, and 35 of chronic myelocytic leukemia. The incidence of interstitial pneumonitis (IP) was 39% (81/208) and fatality rate was 60% (49/81). Cytomegalovirus was the most frequent causative organism (54%). Using Cox's proportional hazard regression model, age of recipient (P = 0.0068), status of disease (P = 0.0191), and number of platelet transfusion (P = 0.0425) were found to be significant risk factors associated with IP. Probabilities of developing IP at three years were 65% and 42% in single dose and fractionated total body irradiation (TBI), respectively. In single dose TBI group, dose-rate affected the incidence of IP. On the contrary, in fractionated TBI group, number of fractions as well as dose-rate had no impact on the incidence of IP.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Preclinical evaluation of a new anthracycline derivative, SM-5887 by subrenal capsule assay].

SM-5887, a new totally synthetic anthracycline derivative was evaluated the antitumor activity by subrenal capsule assay (SRCA) and the activity was compared to that of doxorubicin. The method of SRCA was the same originally developed by Bogden et al and 200 mg/kg of bredinin was administered subcutaneously 3 times every 2 days in order to induce immunosuppression of mice. Mice were given a single intravenous dose of either 30 mg/kg of SM-5887 or 15 mg/kg of doxorubicin. Fourty-four cases out of 64 were evaluable in this assay. The mean tumor growth inhibition rate (TGIR) in either SM-5887 or doxorubicin group was similar and the TGIRs of these two groups correlated well (y = 10.4 + 0.67x, p less than 0.01). Using more than 50% decrease of TGIR to define "sensitive", the chemosensitivity rates of SM-5887 and doxorubicin were 23% (10/44) and 25% (11/44) respectively. SM-5887 was effective to sarcomas and ovarian cancer especially. These results suggest that SM-5887 might have a similar antitumor activity compared to doxorubicin in clinical use.

Anthracyclines↗
PubMed1987

Ascending projections to the mammillary nuclei in the rat: a study using retrograde and anterograde transport of wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase.

Cells of origin of ascending afferents to the mammillary nuclei and the afferents' fields of termination within these nuclei were studied by using retrograde and anterograde transport of wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase in the rat. The pars compacta of the superior central nucleus projects bilaterally to the median region of the medial mammillary nucleus. The ventral tegmental nucleus projects ipsilaterally to the medial mammillary nucleus, except for its median region, in a topographic manner such that the rostrodorsolateral part of the ventral tegmental nucleus projects to the medial quadrant of the medial mammillary nucleus; the rostroventromedial part projects to the dorsal quadrant; the caudodorsolateral part projects to the ventral quadrant; and the caudoventromedial part projects to the lateral quadrant. These projection fields extend throughout the longitudinal axis of the medial mammillary nucleus, except for its most caudal region, to which only the dorsolateral part of the ventral tegmental nucleus projects. This nucleus also projects topographically to the ipsilateral dorsal premammillary nucleus; the rostral part of the ventral tegmental nucleus projects to the dorsal part of the dorsal premammillary nucleus, whereas the caudal part projects to the ventral part. The periaqueductal gray around the dorsal tegmental nucleus projects bilaterally to the supramammillary nucleus. The pars alpha of the pontine periaqueductal gray projects bilaterally to the peripheral part of the lateral mammillary nucleus, whereas the pars ventralis of the dorsal tegmental nucleus projects ipsilaterally to the lateral mammillary nucleus. The results show that the tegmentomammillary projections are organized in a gradient fashion, with the rostral to caudal position of cells of origin within the tegmental nuclei of Gudden being reflected by the medial to lateral position of fields of termination within the mammillary nuclei.

Afferent Pathways↗
PubMed1987

Characterization of the bacteriophage T3 DNA packaging reaction in vitro in a defined system.

The bacteriophage T3 DNA packaging system in vitro defined here is composed of purified proheads and two non-capsid proteins, the products of genes 18 and 19 (gp18 and gp19). In this system, a precursor complex (50 S complex) accumulates in the presence of adenosine 5'-O-(3'-thiotriphosphate) (ATP-gamma-S), a non-hydrolyzable analog of ATP. The 50 S complex is converted to a filled head in the presence of ATP. The conversion of the 50 S complex, formed by preincubation with ATP-gamma-S, to the mature head proceeds in a synchronous manner after the addition of ATP. The lag time for formation of mature heads from the 50 S complex is 1.8, 4.5 and 6.8 minutes at 30, 25 and 20 degrees C, respectively. DNA is translocated into the capsid at a constant rate of 5.7 x 10(3) base-pairs per minute at 20 degrees C. The conversion of the 50 S complex to the mature head exhibits a sigmoidal relationship with respect to the concentration of ATP, the concentration for half-maximal activity being about 20 microM. The transition of the prohead to the expanded capsid occurs at 20 degrees C at one minute 40 seconds after the initiation of DNA translocation, when one-fourth of the genome has been packaged into a prohead. At the same time, the capsid-DNA complex becomes stable to high concentrations of salt. When DNA translocation is interrupted by the addition of ATP-gamma-S, packaged DNA exists at 0 degrees C as well as at 20 degrees C but the exit of DNA stops after one-third of the genome is inside the capsid. After exit, DNA is retranslocated into the expanded capsid by the addition of ATP at a rate of about 5.7 x 10(3) base-pairs per minute at 20 degrees C. The decrease in concentration of ATP interrupts DNA translocation into the capsid but does not induce DNA exit. Interrupted DNA translocation may be reinitiated by the addition of ATP. DNA exit is not induced by the addition of ATP-gamma-S to mature heads or partially filled heads pretreated with DNase.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗