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Biomedical subjects

H Senger

Publications and source records attributed to H Senger.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Nutrition of very low birth-weight premature infants with enriched breast milk during the adjustment phase].

To enable an enteral nutrition in very low birth weight infants appropriate for gestational age, adapted to the high nutritional requirements, pooled human milk from mothers delivered preterm was enriched with human milk lyophilisate 6 g/100 ml. The concentrations of protein increase from 11.8 +/- 1.2 to 15.8 +/- 2.1 g/l and the non-protein energy substrates raise in the same proportion. Osmolality increases from 291.6 +/- 11.2 to 384.9 +/- 19.6 mosmol/l. The higher protein intake was tolerated without relevant metabolic imbalances. Only small increasing of amino acids concentrations in serum and a higher renal excretion of amino acids could be observed. The nitrogen balance was equalized during the first two days of life and positive from the 3rd day of life. Nitrogen retention was significantly higher in the group fed human milk lyophilisate enriched human milk from the 2nd day of life. Also the postnatal weight losses were significantly lower and the birth weight was reached significantly earlier. Human milk lyophilisate enriched human milk can be recommended for nutrition of very low birth weight infants appropriate for gestational age from the first day of life.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1986

Influence of protein intake and liver function on acid base balance in premature infants.

In 43 patients with late metabolic acidosis (LMA) the factors promoting LMA were investigated. Postnatal adaptation was distributed in all cases, in 35 patients acidosis developed after introduction of formula feeding. Whereas no differences were observed in renal function (urine volume and renal molar excretion) between acidotic and non-acidotic patients, there was a significantly higher concentration of bile acids in serum (26.1 +/- 9.6 vs 98.6 +/- 21.6 mumol/l), a significantly increased fractional volume of stools (8.2 +/- 1.3 vs 11.4 +/- 1.9% of intake, and higher faecal fat excretion (26.5 +/- 5.2 vs 39.1 +/- 6.6% of faecal weight) in LMA patients than non-acidotic formula-fed infants. It is suggested that impaired postnatal development of liver function caused by severe disturbances of postnatal adaptation (respiratory distress, persistent fetal circulation, sepsis) is one of the most important factors in the pathogenesis of LMA. Thus, liver function should be checked before a protein intake surpassing that of a breastfed infant is introduced. Concentration of the serum bile acid level seems a reliable marker of LMA.

Acidosis↗
PubMed1986

Bile acids in the serum and duodenal content of newborn infants of different classification.

Total serum bile acids were determined in 83 infants of different classification. In 33 mature infants total bile acids were measured after feeding human milk (n = 17) or formula (Milasan). Statistically significant elevations of total bile acids were found on the 14th day of life, if mature infants were formula fed. In low-birth-weight infants appropriate for gestational age total bile acids are not higher on the 8th day of life than in mature infants, but on the 14th day of life the elevations become significant. Low-birth-weight infants small for gestational age and infants suffering from fetal distress syndromes show the highest total bile acids with great variations. Low-birth-weight infants small for gestational age had serum total bile acid concentrations related to the degree of fetal growth retardation (r = -0.871). Some newborns suffering from late metabolic acidosis had lowest intraluminal total bile acids, especially dihydroxy bile acids. We found a direct hyperbolic dependence between total bile acids in the serum and the duodenal content (r = +0.93). In cases of serum total bile acids above 50 mumol/l, concentrations in duodenal content do not exceed 2 mmol/l. Therefore, the degree of fetal growth retardation, fetal distress syndromes, and the nutrition after birth have great influence on bile acid metabolism.

Aging↗
PubMed1985

[Effect of hormonally-induced prolongation of pregnancy in rabbits on maternal and fetal serum lipids].

The alterations of the lipid metabolism produced by placental insufficiency were investigated in animal experiments. Pregnant rabbits received Chlormadinon-acetate by intramuscular injection. The pregnancy was prolongated for 4 days, and a placental insufficiency developed. The lipid metabolism of the mothers and the fetuses was investigated by determination of beta-lipoproteides, triglycerides, cholesterol and HDL- and LDL/VLDL-cholesterol. The most important result is an increase of the concentrations of triglycerides and cholesterol of the fetuses during prolongation of pregnancy. Of the different cholesterol fractions estimated the LDL/VLDL-cholesterol-ratio excellently reflects the changes of the lipid metabolism during prolonged pregnancy.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Protein metabolism in the small for gestational age newborn in relation to the severity of fetal malnutrition].

The daily nitrogen balance, the amino acid concentrations in serum and urine, and the bile acid concentrations in the serum on the eighth day of life were estimated in newborn infants small for gestational age with different degrees of fetal malnutrition. The amino acid concentrations in urine and serum as well as the total nitrogen losses by urine increase in dependence on the severity of fetal malnutrition. In addition the bile acid concentrations were elevated whereas the urea concentrations in serum remained unchanged. These results point to a deranged liver function which depends on the degree of fetal malnutrition. These special metabolic conditions have to be considered in the nutrition of such infants. The bile acid concentrations seem to be an efficient parameter to estimate this metabolic situation.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1983

Psychiatric benefits and insurance regulation in Massachusetts: a national model?

The Massachusetts Mandatory Mental Health Insurance Act requires all health insurance plans in the state to cover mental illness. Because of their concerns that this law might be taken as a national model, the authors describe the problems encountered in implementing it and the conflicts between the insurance carriers and psychiatry. The authors attribute the problems to some insurance carriers' failure to deal directly with organized psychiatry in obtaining screening guidelines, the absence of psychiatrists on the carriers' central committees, and psychiatrists' generally indifferent and hostile attitudes toward the carriers. The authors describe recent improvements and recommendations based on 10 years of experience.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1981

[Problems in the determination of pancreatic enzymes for the quantitative functional diagnosis of the pancreas in children].

Pancreozymin-secretin tests were carried out in children aged from 0,5 till 12 years by means of a two lumen tube of the Salem-Sump-type and a three lumen perfusion tube. For stimulation we used 2 U/kg of the hormones, each from BOOTs-Corp. Amylase was determined with dinitrosalicylic acid, lipase by titration of acidic equivalents after half hour incubation and trypsin and chymotrypsin with TAME and BTEE respectively. We used PEG 4000 as marker and quantified enzymes secretion as well as liquid secretion by it. We got up to 50% lower results by testing with the two lumen tube. If we are laying the perfusion tube we measured an elevation of the two lumen tube. If we are laying the perfusion tube we measured an elevation of the II-hydroxycorticoides. The concentration of the enzymes in the specimines before perfusion on 3 consecutive days fell by 90% on the average. We discussed some problems of the determination of enzymes and performing of the tests by means of the results.

Amylases↗
PubMed1980

The synthesis and properties of 4,5-dioxovaleric acid, a possible intermediate in the biosynthesis of 5-aminolaevulinic acid, and its in vivo formation in Scenedesmus obliquus.

The formation of 5-aminolaevulinic acid for chlorophyll biosynthesis in the pigment mutant C-2A' of the unicellular green alga Scenedesmus obliquus occurs via two pathways: the first and major pathway uses glycine and succinyl-CoA as precursors and the second, the C-5 pathway, uses the intact five C-atom skeleton of either glutamate or 2-oxoglutarate. The intermediates in this latter pathway of 5-aminolaevulinic acid biosynthesis are still a matter of controversy and discussion but, in this paper, we have demonstrated in this Scenedesmus mutant that 4,5-dioxovaleric acid occurs in the cells when illuminated in the presence of laevulinic acid and the amount of 4,5-dioxovaleric acid formed is dependent on the period of illumination. In a preliminary experiment we have shown, under similar conditions, that labelled 4,5-dioxovaleric acid can be obtained from both DL-[1-(14)C]glutamate and [2-(14)C]glycine. This suggests that 4,5-dioxovaleric acid is formed enzymically from the intact five C-atom skeleton of glutamate but may also arise from the deamination of ALA formed by the condensation of succinyl-CoA and glycine by the 5-aminolaevulinic acid synthase pathway. To obtain positive identification the naturally occurring, and also the labelled, 4,5-dioxovaleric acid were isolated as the more stable benzoquinoxaline derivative by condensation with 2,3-diaminonaphthalene and identified by comparison with the benzoquinoxaline derivative of an authentic sample of 4,5-dioxovaleric acid prepared by the hydrogenation of the ozonide of benzylidene laevulinic acid. The structures of the authentic sample of 4,5-dioxovaleric acid and its benzoquinoxaline derivative were confirmed by NMR and mass spectroscopy and both were further characterized by TLC and by infrared, ultraviolet and fluorescence spectroscopy.

Aminolevulinic Acid↗
PubMed1980

[HDL/LDL-cholesterol, arteriosclerosis and age (author's transl)].

The level of HDL-Cholesterol of the serum of women decreases in dependence on age. Especially in the group of the 75-95 years old persons. The LDL-cholesterol shows an increase with a maximum in the age group 60-75 years. Thus the HDL/LDL-cholesterol quotient is reduced and the risk for atherosclerotic diseases is elevated. Serum HDL-cholesterol correlates positively with the post-heparin lipolytic activity of extrahepatic origin, but not with the hepatic lipase.

Aged↗