[Continued education in enterostomal therapy].
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Colostomy↗
Biomedical subjects
H Schmitz
Publications and source records attributed to H Schmitz.
Structural modifications of anguidin and antitumor activities of its analogues.
Approximately 60 derivatives of anguidin were prepared for evaluation of antitumor activities. Positions 3, 4, 8-10, and 15 were modified, and the resultant derivatives were screened against P-388 leukemia. It was found that introduction of the C3-keto and C3,C8-diketo groups markedly improved the antileukemic activity, whereas epoxidation of the C9-C10 double bond or oxidation of the C15 position diminished its activity. Selected derivatives were further tested in the L1210, B16, Lewis lung, Colon 36, and Colon 38 tumor lines. Among these compounds, 4 beta, 15-diacetoxyscirpene-3,8-dione (54) and 4 beta-(chloroacetoxy)-15-acetoxyscirpene-3,8-dione (55) were found to be most active in various tumors. Inhibitory action of several analogues on protein synthesis was also examined using H-HeLa cells.
Animals↗
Detection of immunoglobulin M antibody to Epstein-Barr virus by use of an enzyme-labeled antigen.
Immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus were detected by using microtiter plates coated with anti-mu-chain antiserum and enzyme-labeled Epstein-Barr virus antigen. Optimum conditions for labeling were determined. The addition of unlabeled control antigen to the enzyme-labeled antigen was effective in reducing background reactions. Rheumatoid factor no longer interfered. Blocking of specific IgM antibody by IgG also was no longer observed. Four different methods for the detection of acute Epstein-Barr virus infections were compared. A combination of the enzyme-labeled antigen-IgM test with the detection of antibodies to either Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen or heterophile antigen was highly sensitive and specific. By changing the solid phase, IgA antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus could be detected.
Antibodies, Viral↗
Effect of smoking on duodenal ulcer healing with cimetidine and oxmetidine.
The effect of oxmetidine 800 mg/day, a new histamine H2-receptor antagonist, on duodenal ulcer healing was compared with cimetidine 1000 mg/day in a two-centre double-blind trial. Ninety-nine patients completed the study. After four weeks, ulcers were healed in 74% of the cimetidine-treated patients and in 78% of the oxmetidine-treated patients (p greater than 0.05). Healing rates after eight weeks increased to 90% in the cimetidine group and to 94% in the oxmetidine group. Healing rates after four weeks were, however, different in the two centres (p less than 0.01): in centre 1 88% of the cimetidine-treated, but 63% of the oxmetidine-treated patients healed, in centre 2 rates were 60% (cimetidine) and 92% (oxmetidine). Analysis of patient data revealed that in the two centres treatment success was inversely correlated (p less than 0.01) with the percentage of smokers in each treatment group. Smoking significantly influences duodenal ulcer healing with histamine H2-receptor antagonists.
Adult↗
Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty immediately after intracoronary streptolysis of transmural myocardial infarction.
Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) was performed in 21 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) treated by intracoronary infusion of streptokinase within 8 hours after the onset of symptoms. Streptolysis therapy began a mean of 3.6 +/- 1.2 hours (+/- SD) after the onset of symptoms. The vessel was occluded in 14 patients and highly stenosed in seven. After the infusion of 67,300 +/- 63,200 IU of streptokinase over 26.1 +/- 21.5 minutes, patency of the occluded vessels was reached. PTCA as performed 20-60 minutes after the end of streptokinase treatment in 19 patients and 24 and 31 hours after treatment in two patients. The dilation was successful in 17 patients (81%). The degree of vessel obstruction was reduced from 90.2 +/- 7.3% to 58.6 +/- 19.5% (area method) and from 71.4 +/- 12.4% to 39.2 +/- 19.7% (diameter method). The improvement was 31.5 +/- 18.4% and 32.2 +/- 19.3%, respectively. No reocclusion was induced by PTCA. Twenty patients were discharged. One died during hospitalization; at autopsy, the treated vessel was still patent. During the follow-up period, two reinfarctions and one asymptomatic reocclusion occurred. The clinical findings during the hospital course and the follow-up period were compared with those of a control group of 18 patients with AMI and comparable coronary stenoses who were treated only with streptokinase infusion. Four of these patients had a reinfarction during the hospital course, and three died during the follow-up period. PTCA can be performed safely and successfully immediately after intracoronary infusion of streptokinase in patients with AMI. By reducing the subtotal stenosis, this treatment contributes to the reperfusion of the ischemic myocardium, diminishes the risk of a reocclusion and seems to improve the prognosis.
Adult↗
[Periodic application of topical corticosteroids. Practicability and therapeutic value in daily practice].
Therapeutic efficacy and practicability of an interval treatment were investigated in a multi-center study in a total of 1573 patients with psoriasis or eczema, respectively. Fluocortolone monohydrate as Syracort and Syracerin as steroid-free "partner drug" were applied at 4-/3-day intervals. The findings and established results substantiate equivalent therapeutic success in comparison with consistent treatment. Starting from the premise that the risk of steroidinduced skin lesions can be reduced, if not avoided, by interval application of topical corticosteroids one may consider steroid application at intervals as superior to consistent therapy.
Administration, Topical↗
[On the question of interval application of topical corticoids/Practicability and efficacy (author's transl)].
Therapeutic efficacy and practicability of an interval treatment were investigated in a multi-center study in a total of 1573 patients with psoriasis or eczema, respectively. Fluocortolone monohydrate as Syracort and Syracerin as steroid-free "partner drug" were applied at 4-13-day intervals. The findings and established results substantiate equivalent therapeutic success in comparison with consistent treatment. Starting from the premise that the risk of steroid-induced skin lesions can be reduced, if not avoided, by interval application of topical corticoids one may consider steroid application at intervals as superior to consistent therapy.
Administration, Topical↗
Treatment of unstable angina pectoris with percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA).
Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) was performed in 40 patients (34 male, 6 female; 51.0 +/- 8.5 years) with the typical clinical picture of unstable angina. All had a short history of pain (2.9 +/- 2.0 months), angina at rest, transient ST and/or T wave changes during this period, and little or no enzyme elevations. The patients had a total of 41 stenoses (39 single, one double; one main-stem, 26 left anterior descending, 14 right coronary artery). The degree of the stenoses was 95.5 +/- 4.9% (area method) and 81.8 +/- 10.7% (diameter method). PTCA was successfully performed in 26 cases (63%), reducing the stenoses to 61.5 +/- 12.4% (area method) and 39.1 +/- 10.0% (diameter method). One patient (2.5%) received an immediate bypass operation because of an acute vessel occlusion. Eleven of the 14 not successfully treated patients received an aortocoronary bypass within the next three to 35 days. All still had symptoms of unstable angina. Three patients refused operation. Their treatment consisted of nitroglycerin, beta-blockers and nifedipin. Seventeen of the 26 successfully treated patients were restudied after 4.9 +/- 1.7 months. The degree of stenosis had risen to 69.2 +/- 17.4% (area method). While the stenoses in 12 patients were equal or less than before PTCA, stenosis recurred in five cases. Two patients were successfully retreated. PTCA can be performed with a good early success rate and a low concentration rate in patients with unstable angina. Relief of pain and improvement of blood supply to the jeopardized myocardium can be provided immediately and with a limited amount of expense. The method can therefore be regarded first-stage treatment in such patients.
Adult↗
Immunofluorescent staining of nuclear antigen in lymphoid cells transformed by Herpesvirus papio (HVP).
An improved fixation method for antigen detection in lymphoblastoid cells is described. Herpesvirus papio nuclear antigen (HUPNA) could be stained in several transformed lymphoid cell lines by anti-complement immunofluorescence (ACIF). Antibody to HUPNA was detected in many human sera containing antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus capsid and nuclear antigen (EBNA). Rheumatoid arthritis sera showed a high incidence of both anti-EBNA and anti-HUPNA antibodies.
Antibodies, Antinuclear↗
[Homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. Cardiovascular findings in two patients (author's transl)].
In patients dying in adolescence with familial hypercholesterolemia a combination of xanthomata of the skin and tendons, atheromatous plaques on the aortic and mitral valves, the coronary artery outlets and in the proximal aorta is frequently found. However, little is known of the sequence of these changes or their clinical equivalents. For this reason findings are described in two patients whose homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia is confirmed by studies of the cell biochemistry of the dermal fibroblasts after an observation period of eight and twelve years.
Adolescent↗
Cytomegalovirus myocarditis.
A male patient, aged 31 years, with a cytomegalovirus (CMV) myocarditis is described, who showed a high IgM antibody titer for cytomegalovirus infection of 1:1,024 and a rise of the titer for complement-fixing antibody from 1:< 16 to 1:256. CMV could be isolated from the urine. Investigations for other etiological factors were negative, and we assumed a connection between the cytomegalovirus infection and the myocardial involvement.
Adult↗
Detection of IgM antibodies to cytomegalovirus (CMV) using an enzyme-labelled antigen (ELA).
We have applied a peroxidase enzyme-labelled antigen (ELA) for the detection of IgM antibodies to cytomegalovirus: microtitre plates were coated with anti-IgM immunoglobulin. The IgM fraction of human serum was selectively bound to the precoated plates and the virus-specific IgM antibody was then detected by the enzyme-labelled antigen. A very efficient technique for the labelling of virus antigen is described. The IgM antibody was detected simply and specifically, Rheumatoid factor IgM did not interfere with this test.
Antibodies, Viral↗
Human immune response to proteins of cytomegalovirus.
A detergent extract of 35S-methionine-labeled cytomegalovirus(CMV)-infected cells was analyzed by crossed-immunoelectrophoresis using human sera with high anti-CMV antibody titers. Six distinct precipitation lines could be seen in agarose gels after crossed-immunoelectrophoresis. On further analysis of the precipitation lines using SDS-PAGE, the proteins obtained could be related to proteins identical in size, obtained from purified CMV nucleocapsids.
Antibodies, Viral↗
[Effect of glucosidase inhibitor, Bay g 5421 (acarbose), on the blood glucose in obese diabetic patients ty pe 2 (NIDDM) (author's transl)].
In a biometrically planned, randomised double blind crossover study the influence of a glucosidase inhibitor, acarbose, (Bay g 5421, pseudotetrasaccharide) on the blood glucose in a total of 10 dieting obese NIDDM patients was compared with placebo. There were no significant differences between the groups with regard to age, height, body weight and duration of diabetes. After a 2-week preliminary period 5 patients received Bay g 5421 for 4 weeks and then placebo for a further 4 weeks. After the same preliminary period the other 5 patients received placebo for 4 weeks and then Bay g 5421 for the second period of 4 weeks. On average, the blood glucose profiles were lower after Bay g 5421 than after placebo. This was statistically almost significant (p less than or equal to 0.09) for the area of the profiles, i.e., the average value of the 13 points of the daily profiles. The fraction of glycosylated hemoglobins (Hb A1a-c) was also lower during the period when the patients were treated with Bay g 5421 than with placebo. There was, however, no statistically significant difference. In contrast, the glucosuria-decrease during the Bay g 5421 period was significant. The serum cholesterol and serum triglycerides did not show any therapy-dependent difference. Thus it may be concluded that Bay g 5421 effectively reduces the blood glucose concentration, in particular, postprandial hyperglycemia in dieting diabetic patients type 2.
Acarbose↗
Cimetidine for anastomotic ulcers after partial gastrectomy. A randomized controlled trial.
In a randomized double-blind multicenter trial, 15 outpatients with endoscopically proved anastomotic ulceration after Billroth I or Billroth II partial gastrectomy received cimetidine, 1 g daily over eight weeks, or a placebo. All patients also received antiacid. The ulcer healed completely in all seven cimetidine-treated patients and in one of the eight placebo-treated patients (P less than 0.01). Ulcers not healed during the double-blind phase of the trial were all subsequently healed on open cimetidine treatment. There was a trend toward improvement of daytime symptoms in favor of cimetidine (P = 0.06), and nighttime symptoms were significantly relieved during the initial four weeks of cimetidine treatment P = 0.02). We conclude that cimetidine, 1 g daily, promotes healing of anastomotic ulcers after partial gastrectomy.
Adult↗
Estimation of Bayesian confidence intervals for the product of conditional survival probabilities.
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Demography↗
Antitumor activity of some microbial and chemical transformation products of anguidine (4,15-diacetoxyscirpene-3-ol).
The in vivo antitumor activities, as measured by inhibition of transplanted P-388 and L-1210 leukemia in mice, have been determined for a series of analogs of anguidine including triacetoxyscirpenol, the three diacetoxyscirpenols, the three monoacetoxyscirpenols, and scirpenetriol. An acetoxy function at position 15 appears to be required for good activity.
Animals↗
Amplified direct immunofluorescence (AMDI) for detection of Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen.
Low antigen concentrations could be identified in human cells by sequential application of (a) FITC-labeled human antibodies at high dilution, (b) rabbit antiserum to the hapten fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), and (c) FITC-anti-rabbit globulin. The high specificity of direct immunofluorescence (a) was not affected by the amplifying steps (b) and (c). Using this AMDI technique Epstein-Barr (EB) virus nuclear antigen (EBNA) could be specifically stained with human sera up to a dilution of 1 : 4000. Owing to the high dilutions applied, unwanted antibody reactivity in the FITC-labeled serum could be blocked by preincubating with unlabeled undiluted human sera. Thus EBNA was selectively stained in EB virus producer cells. Moreover, EBNA was specifically detected in human tumor biopsy material by the use of AMDI.
Animals↗