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Biomedical subjects

H Schmidt

Publications and source records attributed to H Schmidt.

At least 1,045 records · Page 58Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

[Cardiovascular changes of the foetal circulation during deceleration in acute foetal hypoxia (author's transl)].

Acute foetal hypoxia trials were conducted in 11 foetuses of sheep. The following parameters were determined continuously besides heart rate, art. pO2, arterial and venous blood pressure: cardiac output, stroke volume and system resistance. Acute foetal hypoxia was produced in two ways: 1) Compression of the maternal vena cava The arterial blood pressure in the foetus is increased. This is reflected mainly by the systolic blood pressure. This increase is provoked by the increase in stroke volume (up to 100%). This increase in stroke volume is so great that the cardiac output is increased despite the onset of deceleration. The system resistance remains unchanged. 2) Maternal hypoxia In contrast to foetal hypoxia as described above, the increase of stroke volume is not so pronounced at the onset of deceleration, and the system resistance is increased. After termination of maternal hypoxia there is an abrupt change of system resistance back to the original value. Both types of foetal hypoxia will subsequently not differ significantly from each other.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

Toxicity manifestations following intravenous Corynebacterium parvum administration to patients with ovarian and cervical carcinoma.

Manifestations of clinical toxicity were evaluated following 341 courses of intravenous Corynebacterium parvum adjuvant immunotherapy in patients with ovarian and cervical carcinoma. Most patients exhibited symptoms of minor toxicity, which decreased in intensity as subsequent courses of therapy were administered. Temperature elevations to 38.5 degrees C. were the most objectively measured signs of toxicity but temperature elevations greater than 38.5 degrees C. occurred following only 20.5 per cent of the infusions. Blood pressure alterations were not a serious problem and no serious central nervous system or renal toxicity was noted. The minor side effects should not preclude the use of C. parvum as an immunopotentiating agent if it is shown to be beneficial in the treatment of human malignant disease.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1978

Maple syrup urine disease: treatment of the acutely ill newborn.

Three patients with maple syrup urine disease were treated during the acute neonatal stage. Multiple exchange transfusions proved to be a satisfactory means of achieving rapid clinical and biochemical improvement during this phase. On the other hand, evidence is provided suggesting that in addition to exchange transfusions, a high calorie intake above 150 Cal/kg body weight/day is necessary to lower the plasma concentration of the branched chain amino acids to near-normal levels. As long as this calorie intake was not provided, further exchange transfusions failed to lower the plasma leucine concentration to below 17 mg/100 ml in one patient. It is assumed that this high calorie intake is necessary to prevent the breakdown of endogenous protein. Treatment of acute episodes in maple syrup urine disease should therefore not only eliminate the elevated alpha-keto acids and branched chain amino acids quickly (i.e. by multiple exchange transfusions or peritoneal dialysis), but in addition should provide a high calorie intake.

Energy Intake↗
PubMed1978

Effect of stopping low-phenylalanine diet on intellectual progress of children with phenylketonuria.

Forty-seven patients at the Hospital for Sick Children, London, who had phenylketonuria and were on a low-phenylalanine diet (21 early-treated--that is, treatment started before the age of 4 months--and 26 late-treated) were placed on a normal diet between the ages of 5 and 15 years. They showed significant falls in mean IQ of about six points after the diet was withdrawn. Twenty-two similar patients (five early-treated and 17 late-treated) at the Universitäts-Kinderklinik, Heidelberg, who were placed on a relaxed low-phenylalanine rather than a normal diet, showed smaller and non-significant falls in mean IQ. During the period of strict diet none of the patients in London or Heidelberg showed any consistent falls in IQ. These results suggest that complete withdrawal of the low-phenylalanine diet during childhood leads to a fall in intellectual progress in many patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Antibody formation and insulin requirements in diabetic children during treatment with purified commercial pork insulins.

40 diabetic children (20 female, 20 male, mean age 8.5 ys, ranging from 0.8 to 14.3 ys), were treated with either of two purified porcine insulin preparations, Komb-Insulin CS (Hoechst) "CS": n = 21, and Semilente MC (Novo) "MC": n = 19, the latter being further purified by ion exchange chromatography. Circulating IgG-antibodies formed in 39 out of 40 subjects during the observation period of more than 2 years. Insulin binding-capacities below 2 mU/ml (mean value after 12 months: 0.45 mU/ml) were found following MC and considerably higher concentrations (mean value after 12 months: 5.16 mU/ml) following CS administration. However, only 52% of the CS-group (n = 11) showed high individual responses (subgroup II), many of which exceeded 5 mU/ml, while the other half (subgroup I) exhibited values as low as those in the MC-subjects. The ratio of girls to boys was high (8 vs 3) in subgroup II, and low (2 vs 8) in subgroup I. Despite great differences in antibody formation, no differences in insulin requirements were noted between the MC- and the CS-groups. Within the CS-group, however, some positive relationship between these parameters was found 6 months and 12 months after the start of therapy, but this did not necessarily apply to individual subjects. Short-term (metabolic control) and long-term effects of therapy (growth) were not different in the MC- and CS-subjects. From these results it may be concluded that antibody formation does not affect insulin requirements or metabolic control during relatively short-term treatment. Provided that antibodies have no direct relation to future vascular changes, both insulin preparations used in this study are equally well-situated for long-term treatment in children and adolescents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Pancreatic function after injury to the pancreas and traumatic pancreatitis].

Endocine and exocrine pancreatic function were investigated in 10 patients after pancreatic trauma or traumatic pancreatitis. There were no cases of overt diabetes mellitus. Three patients had subclinical diabetes. In the secretin-pancreozymin test 5 patients had normal exocrine pancreatic function after trauma, whereas in 3 patients bicarbonate and/or enzyme secretion was diminished, to normalize during an observation time of several years. In the remaining 2 patients a secretin-pancreozymin test could not be performed; one of them had slight steatorrhoea. These results are evidence of a good reserve capacity of the endocrine pancreas, and a good regeneration capacity of the exocrine pancreas, after trauma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Subcellular distribution of a factor inactivating tyrosine aminotransferase. Study of its mechanism and relationship to different forms of the enzyme.

The subcellular distribution of a tyrosine aminotransferase inactivating factor in rat liver has been investigated. Most of its activity is associated with plasma membranes, with minor amounts in mitochondria and endoplasmatic reticulum. The factor is also found in kidney and inactivates the enzyme reversibly in presence of cysteine, most likely by modification of -SH groups. ATP counteracts this inactivation only, when crude enzyme extracts are inactivated by purified subcellular fractions or when the purified enzyme is inactivated in presence of liver or kidney cortex homogenates. The relationship of this inactivation to reported different forms of the enzyme has been investigated. Form I of three different forms, that can be obtained by hydroxyl-apatite chromatography, is readily inactivated, form III can be partly converted to form I by incubation in presence of purified plasma membranes. The relationship of these findings to a possible multistep mechanism in the turnover of the enzyme discussed.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1978

Experimental grafting of the auditory nerve.

The auditory nerve of five cats was sectioned unilaterally. Its proximal stump was immediately sutured to the proximal stump of the simultaneously severed facial nerve to study afferent sensory nerve regeneration. After time intervals of nine to 18 months, the nerve anastomosis was tested by electrical stimulation of the anastomosis and by recording evoked cortical responses at the auditory cortex. Electrophysiologic evidence of both fiber regeneration within the sectioned auditory nerve and of the reestablishment of a functional synapse at the cochlear nucleus was obtained. Further support of the concept of a possible auditory nerve grafting was added by the histologic examination of the nerve anastomosis and of the cochlear nuclei, which showed signs of the outspreading of axons from the facial nerve through the auditory nerve and through the barrier of the brain stem into the areas of the cochlear nuclei.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Multicentric glioblastomas. Methods of diagnosis and treatment.

Although multicentric glioblastomas are relatively rare, their occurrence is not an extreme rarity. A multicentric lesion should always be thought of when the symptoms cannot be related to a single focus and when the special investigations do not confirm a single lesion. In our opinion the brain scintigram and the computer tomogram offer the best diagnostic possibilities at present. If the preoperative diagnosis has been made, then an indication for operation can be justified only if multiple tumours can be removed through one approach and, what is even more important, at one sitting. The cases demonstrated prove that this procedure can be successful. If, on the other hand, only one of several tumours is excised, then a fatal outcome is almost certain.

Brain↗