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Biomedical subjects

H Sawa

Publications and source records attributed to H Sawa.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Abnormally high diffuse activity on bone scintigram. The importance of exposure time for its recognition.

When the bone scintigram reveals high diffuse skeletal activity, it may be misinterpreted as normal. Some authors have reported such scintigrams in articles entitled "Significance of absent or faint kidney sign on bone scan" and "False negative bone scintigram". Three cases with bone metastasis showing high diffuse skeletal activity are presented in this paper. The recognition of abnormally high diffuse skeletal activity on bone scintigrams is discussed. The exposure time of all three cases was short when compared with normal cases, when the bone image was taken with a preset count. Therefore, exposure time is very important for objective differentiation between the cases showing high diffuse skeletal activity and normal cases.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1982

[Ocular complications in chronic pansinusitis--report of two cases].

Case 1. A 38-year-old male was admitted with an 8-month history of progressive visual disturbance in his right eye. He had a past history of operations for paranasal sinusitis 24 years and 5 years prior to admission. Neurological examination revealed right anosmia, left hyposmia and vision in his right eye reducing to light perception. Case 2. A 61-year-old male was admitted with complaint of headache and a 2-month history of deteriorating vision in his right eye. On admission, vision in his right eye was found to be reduced to hand motions and associated with a concentric contraction of the visual field. Bilateral hyposmia and the right exophthalmos were also noticed. Plain x-ray films, tomography and especially CT scan were useful to demonstrate the definite inflammatory changes of the paranasal sinuses and the extension of the lesion beyond the confines of the sinuses. In both cases, external ethmoidectomy and sphenoidectomy with removal of the infected granulation tissue from the sinuses were performed, but neither mucocele nor pyocele was found. Vision improved postoperatively. Previous reports about ocular complications of infection in the paranasal sinuses without mucocele or pyocele are few. Early diagnosis of ocular complications of sinusitis is important. Once the diagnosis established, a timely surgical approach is essential to prevent visual loss.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Moyamoya disease associated with a false aneurysm--case report and review of the literature].

A 67-year-old male was admitted to our clinic on May 1, 1981, because of mild confusion and a left hemiparesis. About 6 years ago, when he had a left-sided homonymous hemianopia, carotid angiography revealed moyamoya disease. CT scan on the admission showed an intracerebral hematoma in the right temporal lobe, which ruptured to the lateral ventricle. An angiogram demonstrated the net work of moyamoya vessels in the base of the brain and a "newly-appeared" aneurysm at the peripheral portion of the right anterior choroidal artery. This artery was shown on the previous angiogram also but did not bear the aneurysm. At the emergent operation the hematoma was evacuated and the aneurysm was excised, which was proved histologically to be a false aneurysm. Thirty-six cases of moyamoya diseases associated with aneurysm including the present case were reviewed. There were 44 aneurysms in this series. They were classified into groups--1) the major artery aneurysms arising from the major cerebral arterial segments; 2) the peripheral artery aneurysms arising from the distal segments of the peripheral cerebral arteries. The major artery aneurysms were found more frequently in the vertebro-basilar system, and the peripheral artery aneurysms in the basal ganglia, near or in the moyamoya vessels. Of 26 major artery aneurysms 12 were proved to be saccular aneurysms, 9 by surgeries and 3 by autopsy studies respectively. Of 18 cases of the peripheral group the aneurysms were excised operatively in two cases, and autopsy studies were performed in other two cases. The peripheral artery aneurysms were examined histologically in three cases; one was proved to be a false aneurysm, the other was thought to be a true aneurysm, and the third one was not verified. In 8 cases, the peripheral artery aneurysms disappeared on the follow-up angiograms and were supposed to be false aneurysms. From these reported cases, it may be suggested that major artery aneurysms are mainly true aneurysms and peripheral artery aneurysms are false aneurysms.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

A study on the relationship between the prognosis of chronic active hepatitis and the HBV associated antigen/antibody systems.

The relationship between the prognosis of the disease based on liver histology and HB virus (HBV) associated antigen/antibody systems was investigated in twenty seven patients with chronic active hepatitis (CAH). These patients were followed up over extended periods with mean duration of 44.3 months. On initial liver biopsy five of twelve patients with CAH with spotty or focal necrosis were HBs antigen (HBsAg) positive, as were also five of six patients with sublobular necrosis and six of nine patients with lobular disorganization. Most of the HBsAg negative patients were anti-HBs or anti-HBc positive: HBV associated antigen or antibody was completely undetectable in only three of the twenty seven patients. There was no difference in the frequency of progression to liver cirrhosis (LC) between the sixteen HBsAg positive and the eleven HBsAg negative patients with CAH. On the other hand, progression to LC occurred in only one of seven HBe antigen (HBeAg) negative patients, compared to four of nine HBeAg positive patients, who were HbsAg positive. There were four patients who were HBeAg positive initially but then became HBeAg negative in the course of observation. LC developed in two of these four patients. These results suggest that in HBsAg positive patients with CAH the presence or absence of HBeAg and the variation in its level can provide useful indicators of the prognosis of the disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

A case of idiopathic hypothalamic hypothyroidism.

The availability of thyrotropin hormone (TRH) has made it possible to determine whether tropic hormone deficiency is caused by pituitary or hypothalamic dysfunction. A case of hypothalamic hypothyroidism was described ina a 17 year old woman. This patient was admitted for the evaluation of hypothyroidism and secondary amenorrhea. Her T3 and T4 were decreased, with an undetectable level of base line thyrotropin. the TRH test revealed normal but delayed response of TSH. Her base line prolactin and its response to TRH were normal. Adenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cortisol, growth hormone (GH), and urinary 17-hydroxysteroids were also normal. ACTH response to metyrapone was normal. Evaluation of the pituitary-gonadal axis revealed a normal increase in both lutenizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) following the intravenous administration of lutenizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH). These results suggest that she had hypothalamic hypothyroidism as an isolated disturbance in the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. A deficiency of TRH is probably caused by a disorder of hypothalamic function of unknown etiology since the extensive studies did not reveal any secondary causes. It is recommended that patients with amenorrhea and hypothyroidism be evaluated for possible hypothalamic hypothyroidism.

Adolescent↗