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Biomedical subjects

H Salzer

Publications and source records attributed to H Salzer.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Labor induction with 3 mg of prostaglandin E2 vaginal tablets. A renaissance of programmed labor? Results of a prospective randomized study].

Vaginal application of tablets containing prostaglandin at term in pregnant women with a favorable cervical score is a very efficacious method of induction of labour. Due to the motility of the women they consider this method of induction as almost natural. We, therefore, aimed at discussing the optimal procedure in low-risk pregnancies at due date, by means of a prospective randomised trial. In 345 women with a favourable cervical score, labour was either induced by means of intravaginal application of tablets containing PGE2 according to a precise plan, or spontaneous onset of labour was awaited while CTG-controls were performed on an outpatient basis every second day until the 42nd week of pregnancy was completed. 80 per cent of the nulliparas and 96.3 per cent of the multiparas of the induction group delivered within 24 hours of the first tablet application. All pertinent delivery intervals were significantly shorter in this group compared to those women where spontaneous onset of labour was awaited. The incidence of prolonged labour was low in both groups and not significantly different. Only 4.2 per cent of the women in the group where spontaneous labour was awaited, reached the completed 42nd week of pregnancy. Only one woman had to be induced because of a suspicious CTG. The rate of operative deliveries was lower in the induction group (1.1% versus 3.8% Caesarean sections). With the exception of one foetal death due to a cord complication three days after the due date the foetal outcome was excellent in both groups. The acceptance of the procedure was tested by means of a questionnaire during the post partum period.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Cesarean Section↗
PubMed1986

Studies on the effects of L-thyroxine, L-carnitine and an L-thyroxine-L-carnitine combination on dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine content and on phosphatidylcholine species composition in fetal rat lungs.

The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of maternal carnitine treatment combined with thyroxine, a hormone influencing both lung maturation and carnitine metabolism. Administration of a carnitine-thyroxine combination to pregnant rats resulted in a significant increase of DPPC content in fetal rat lungs to 8.8 +/- 1.8 mg/g dry weight (mean +/- SD), compared with the control group, the carnitine-treated group, and the thyroxine-treated group [5.4 +/- 1.8 (p less than 0.01), 5.6 +/- 1.5 (p less than 0.01), and 6.6 +/- 1.0 mg/g dry weight, respectively]. The portion of DPPC in the PC species increased significantly from 20.9 +/- 2.1% in the control group and to 27.2 +/- 3.5% (p less than 0.01) in the carnitine-thyroxine combination group. A significant (p less than 0.01) diminution of the palmitoyl-palmitoleyl PC (16:0/16:1-PC) portion in the PC species was found. Maternal carnitine administration resulted in an elevation of the carnitine levels in the fetal lungs to approximately twice those of the controls (p less than 0.01). The combined administration of carnitine and thyroxine resulted in no increase in the total carnitine content but in a significant (p less than 0.01) increase of the short chain acylcarnitine content. The present results demonstrate that carnitine potentiates the effects of thyroxine on DPPC content and support the concept of an interrelationship between carnitine and thyroxine metabolism.

1,2-Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine↗
PubMed1986

Studies on the effects of betamethasone, L-carnitine, and betamethasone-L-carnitine combinations on the dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine content and phosphatidylcholine species composition in foetal rat lungs.

Administration of L-carnitine or betamethasone to pregnant rats failed to increase either the total phospholipid or dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) contents in foetal rat lungs on the 20th day of gestation, compared to controls. The combined administration of betamethasone (0.3 mg/kg) and L-carnitine (80 mg/kg) resulted in a pronounced increase of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (7.8 +/- 2.5 mg/g dry weight) compared with the control group (5.4 +/- 1.8 mg/g dry weight), and compared with the groups receiving betamethasone (5.9 +/- 1.9 mg/g dry weight) or L-carnitine (5.6 +/- 1.5 mg/g dry weight) alone. The proportion of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine in the phosphatidylcholine species increased from 20.9 +/- 2.1% in the foetal lungs of the control group to 22.6 +/- 5.0% in the L-carnitine group, to 24.3 +/- 3.3% (p less than 0.01) in the betamethasone-L-carnitine (20 mg/kg) group, to 25.2 +/- 3.5% (p less than 0.01) in the betamethasone group, to 27.1 +/- 2.6% (p less than 0.01) in the betamethasone-L-carnitine (40 mg/kg) group, and to 28.4 +/- 3.7% (p less than 0.01) in the betamethasone-L-carnitine (80 mg/kg) group, while the palmitic acid portion in the phosphatidylcholine fatty acids was nearly unchanged. A pronounced increase of palmitoyl-myristoyl phosphatidylcholine (PC-30), the second disaturated phosphatidylcholine species present in lungs in significant amounts beside dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, was noted only in betamethasone treated animals. Furthermore, after betamethasone and betamethasone-L-carnitine treatment, a significant diminution (p less than 0.01) of the proportion of palmitoyl-palmitoleyl phosphatidylcholine (16 : 0/16 : 1-PC) in the phosphatidylcholine species was demonstrated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Enzyme immunoassay and Scatchard plot estimation of estrogen receptor in gynecological tumors.

Tissue samples of three endometrial carcinomas, seven ovarian carcinomas, and 24 mammary carcinomas were analyzed for estrogen receptor (ER) by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and a conventional dextran-coated charcoal (DCC) method. In addition, ER and progesterone receptor were assayed by DCC only in 68 ovarian carcinoma specimens. All three endometrial cancer specimens showed elevated ER values by both assays. As with mammary cancers the ER-EIA values tend to be higher than DCC values. It was intriguing to note that negative Scatchard plot data resulted in residual ER levels in the EIA system. Also four ovarian cancer specimens with negative ER values by the DCC assay had detectable levels by ER-EIA, and three of these four had ER-EIA values less than or equal to 10 fmol/mg of protein. Of the ten breast cancers with negative DCC values, seven were less than or equal to 10 fmol/mg of protein by the ER-EIA. Good correlation (r = 0.88) between EIA and Scatchard plot data was calculated from ER data of 24 mammary carcinoma tissue samples. Receptor assays in 68 ovarian cancer patients indicate that ER determinations should become a useful tool in the management of patients bearing this carcinoma. In addition, receptor determinations may improve the possibility of predicting which well differentiated Stage I ovarian carcinomas are likely to recur. Present data combine to suggest that ER-EIA may become a useful diagnostic laboratory tool.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1986

Monitoring the cytotoxic potential of a sequential polychemotherapy (adriamycin/cisplatin-vincristine/cyclophosphamide-high dose methotrexate) in patients with advanced ovarian cancer with the tumor marker CA-125.

The cytotoxic efficacy of a new sequential chemotherapy, called changing-scheme (adriamycin/cisplatin-vincristine/cyclophosphamide-HD-methotrexate), was investigated parallel to the course of CA-125 serum levels. Sixty-three percent of the women studied achieved remission under this chemotherapy. A correlation between clinically proven tumor stage and CA-125 serum level was found in 90%. The cytotoxic potential of the three single parts of the changing-scheme was demonstrated based on decreasing CA-125 serum levels. The value of the tumor marker CA-125 for the follow-up of patients with malignant ovarian tumors is discussed in detail.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1986

[Ambroxol in comparison with betamethasone for the stimulation of antepartal lung maturity. A clinical double-blind study].

Stimulation of the surfactant production in fetal cells by ambroxol (metabolite VIII of bromhexine) has been investigated in human and animal experiments. There are no contraindications for the prenatal use of ambroxol, which is also well tolerated in high dose. Therefore the 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Vienna took part in a multicentric clinical trial, where the allocation between cortisone and ambroxol was randomised in a double blind fashion. The 1st Department included 34 women between 30 and 36 weeks of pregnancy with premature labour or indicated premature induction. Amniotic fluid samples were taken by amniocentesis before therapy to prove lung immaturity by measurement of the L/S ratio and the dynamic surface tension. Following doses were used for this clinical trial group A: 1,000 mg ambroxol in 500 ml 5% glucose infusion i.v. daily from day 1 to day 5 and 2 ml placebo-injection i.m. on day 1 and day 2, group B: 8 mg Betamethasone i.m. on day 1 and day 2 and 500 ml 5% glucose infusion with a placebo daily from day 1 to day 5. The patients were treated at least 3 days; in all cases amniotic fluid samples were taken after therapy, to examine the L/S ratio and the dynamic surface tension. 29 women of the 34 fulfilled the above criteria, 15 in group A and 14 in group B (1 twin pregnancy). With the pretreatment parameters of lung maturity being similar in both groups ambroxol was found to lead to a marked but not significant improvement of the L/S ratio and the surface tension.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Ambroxol↗
PubMed1986

Ovarian tumours.

Ovarian cancer still has a poor prognosis and numerous pretreatment prognostic factors make it very difficult to compare results achieved with chemotherapy. In this paper, studies with randomized treatment plans in advanced ovarian cancer published in the last two years are reported. Then radio-therapy, combined chemo-irradiation therapy and chemoimmunotherapy in ovarian cancer are discussed and second line chemotherapy schemes are described. Because of the very contradictory results in the literature, the Austrian Collaborative Study Group for the Treatment of Ovarian Cancer was founded in 1980. To date 300 patients have been randomized by a specially adapted computer process balancing all relevant prognostic factors. In stage III and IV (160 patients), three randomized groups exist comparing adriamycin (A) and cyclophosphamide (C) with A and cis-platin and a so-called "changing scheme" (A/P-V/C-HD-MTX). In the first evaluation a significant advantage was seen for the changing scheme, not only for remission rate and duration but also for survival time; at the last evaluation in May 1984 the changing scheme still remains superior to A/C and A/P, especially in patients with G1 tumours, without ascites, with liver metastases and a large postoperative tumour burden. The changing scheme also gives less toxicity than A/P; it may thus represent a small step towards a longer and better life for patients with ovarian cancer.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1985

[Significance of hormone receptors of breast cancer cells for the duration of a disease-free interval].

The importance of the presence of hormone receptors of cells derived from breast cancer tissue for the duration of the relapse-free interval was evaluated in 41 patients with stage II breast cancer. After modified radical mastectomy with axillary lymphadenectomy the patients received radiotherapy and adjuvant polychemotherapy and/or hormone therapy. There was no indication of metastases in any patient at the time of operation. There was a significant correlation of the relapse-free interval to tumor size (p less than 0.05), to the number of involved lymph nodes (p less than 0.0005), and also to the presence of the progesterone receptor (PgR), which seemed to play a more important role in this context than the oestrogen receptor (ER) (p less than 0.001). We conclude from this study that the evaluation of the PgR in breast cancer cells is important for the prognosis of the duration of the relapse-free interval.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1985

[Results of the first Austrian multicenter ovarian cancer study: prospective randomized comparison of sequential chemotherapy (adriamycin/cisplatin--vincristine/cyclophosphamide--methotrexate) with 2 standard protocols (adriamycin/cyclophosphamide or adriamycin/cisplatin) in stage III and IV patients].

From June 1980 to December 1982 164 patients with ovarian cancer stage III and IV were randomized into the three-legged Austrian Ovarian Cancer Study. A new polychemotherapy, known as the "changing-scheme" (adriamycin/cisplatinum--vincristine/cyclophosphamide--high dose methotrexate), developed in Vienna, was compared with adriamycin/cyclophosphamide and adriamycin/cisplatinum. The risk factors were stratified by means of special computer-assisted randomization. The first study evaluation in 1982 showed a significant advantage for the changing-scheme with regard to recurrence-free interval and survival (Mantel test: p less than 0.01, Breslow test: p less than 0.03). No difference was found between the combinations of adriamycin/cyclophosphamide and adriamycin/cisplatinum. At the second study evaluation in June 1984 the differences previously observed were no longe present to the same significant extent. The changing-scheme continued to be superior for the subgroups of patients with highly differentiated tumors, without ascites, with larger postoperative tumor burden and with liver metastases. The use of this therapy is be recommended for women with advanced ovarian cancer, especially in consideration of the much lower toxicity caused by the less frequent cisplatinum administrations as compared to the adriamycin/cisplatinum combination.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical significance of the tumor marker CA-125 for the preoperative diagnosis and postoperative management of patients with malignant ovarian cancers].

The ovarian carcinoma-associated antigen CA-125 was determined in 144 women with various gynecological tumors (ovarian, breast, uterine), by using the heterologous monoclonal antibody OC-125. In 90% of the malignant ovarian tumors positive CA-125 values were correct, whereas their negative values were correct in 88% of the benign ovarian lesions. In 90% of the 58 patients with malignant tumors, where it was possible to observe tumor marker concentrations as well as the simultaneous tumor behaviour, a good correlation was found. Therefore, CA-125 serum determinations seem to be useful in the preoperative assessment of the importance of palpable ovarian tumors, as a parameter for evaluating therapeutic measures, and for early detection of recurrences of ovarian tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Results of the 1st Austrian ovarian cancer study: prospective randomized comparison of a new sequential chemotherapy with 2 standard regimens in 150 stage III and IV patients].

The results of a randomized trial of 150 patients, who were either treated with 6 cycles of adriamycin (40 mg/m2) and cyclophosphamide (500 mg/m2) or a combination of adriamycin (40 mg/m2) and cis-platin (50 mg/m2) or a combination of a cross-over regime: adriamycin (40 mg/my day 1), cisplatin (100 mg/my day 2), vincristine (1.4 mg/m2 day 28), cyclophosphamide (1.500 mg/m2 day 25), methotrexate (1.000 mg/m2 day 56) (a total of 2 cycles) are summarized forthwith. The longest mean survival times were obtained in the cross-over regime (19.6 months). The patients with highly differentiated tumors benefited most from this type of chemotherapy: mean survival time 26.3 months as opposed to 17.6 months.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1984

[Determination of progesterone in serum. Clinical significance in early pregnancy].

The aim of the study was to define the limits of normal and subnormal function of the corpus luteum of pregnancy. Between the 5th and 10th week of gestation blood samples were taken from 149 women and progesterone was measured by RIA. 50 women with normal pregnancies had progesterone values ranged from 10-48 ng/ml (M: 21,9 ng/ml +/- 8,5 sd). 26 women with bleedings in early pregnancy (threatened abortion) had significantly lower progesterone values (M: 17,0 ng/ml +/- 8,3 sd, range: 5-38 ng/ml serum). All 26 pregnancies ended with a living child. The 74 women with complicated early pregnancy showed a wider range: 2-120 ng/ml serum (M: 20,7 ng/ml +/- 15,2 sd). All 74 women delivered a living child. Progesterone serum values below 10 ng/ml prior to 10 weeks of gestation indicate subnormal corpus luteum function. We therefore perform hormone treatment in patients with bleedings in early pregnancy only if subnormal progesterone values are found.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1984

[Treatment of breast cancer at the 1st Gynecology Clinic at the University of Vienna].

Since 1979 diagnosis, operative therapy and postoperative treatment and follow-up is performed at the Ist University-Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Vienna. This management brought a close cooperation with radiologists and other oncotherapists. A standard operation method, in our case a modified radical mastectomy with a complete dissection of the axilla after radioisotope marking of the axillary lymph nodes enables us to perform a randomised prospective study of adjuvant therapy. Though the observation time is relatively short, first results show, that metastases or local recurrences were observed only in the non-treated control group. That leads in our opinion to the cautious conclusion, that any form of adjuvant therapy is of therapeutic value. Which form of adjuvant therapy should be qualified best cannot be decided yet because of the too short follow-up period.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1984

[Significance of ovulatory age in the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer].

The impact of several parameters influencing ovulation upon the epidemiology of ovarian cancer was assessed retrospectively on 129 patients. The same number of women with other gynaecological diagnoses was used as controls. "Ovulatory age" was significantly higher in patients than in controls. Relative risk to develop ovarian cancer decreased with the increase of "protected time". Blood-group A was found considerably more frequently, blood-group 0 less frequently in patients than in the normal population.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1984

Maternal hyperventilation as a possible cause of fetal tachycardia sub partu. A clinical and experimental study.

Examination of 28 agitated, hyperventilating patients with fetal tachycardia showed that the mothers were in a hyperventilation-related state of hypocapnia and alkalosis. The mean maternal pCO2 was 17.48 +/- 6.79 mm Hg, the pH 7.54 +/- 0.14, which caused a reflex spasm of the umbilical veins, fetal acidosis and fetal tachycardia. Additional experiments on sheep revealed a similar correlation between maternal hyperventilation, hypocapnia, respiratory alkalosis and fetal tachycardia while the flow volume of the uterus showed no change.

Alkalosis, Respiratory↗
PubMed1983

[lst report: Alternatives to cortisone therapy. lst clinical experiences with a carnitine-betamethasone combination for the stimulation of fetal lung maturity].

In the recent past criticism has been voiced with regard to the efficacy and possible side effects of corticosteroid prophylaxis of fetal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Apparently the efficacy of this treatment has been over-estimated and the spectrum of possible side effects has not received enough critical attention. In view of the multiple indications that the fetal metabolism, above all, may be altered by this type of therapy, it seems necessary to search for other methods of surfactant stimulation. This paper presents the first clinical study on the use of carnitine (4 g for 5 days in combination with twice 8 mg beta-methasone versus twice 8 mg betamethasone alone). The patients on combination therapy showed a more marked increase in surfactant content of the amniotic fluid. Lung compliance determination in infants born within 72 hours of completion of therapy also revealed better results in the combination therapy group. There were also fewer clinically demonstrable RDS cases in this group. More research will be necessary to definitely establish the value of this new form of therapy.

Animals↗