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Biomedical subjects

H Sakai

Publications and source records attributed to H Sakai.

At least 973 records · Page 54Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Cloning and sequencing of an Escherichia coli gene, nlp, highly homologous to the ner genes of bacteriophages Mu and D108.

An nlp (Ner-like protein) gene was isolated from Escherichia coli. The nucleotide sequence of a 1,342-base-pair chromosomal DNA fragment containing the nlp gene was analyzed. It contained two open reading frames; one encoded 91 amino acid residues with an Mr of 10,361, and the other (ORFX) encoded 131 amino acid residues of the carboxyl-terminal region of a truncated polypeptide. The amino acid sequence deduced from the DNA sequence of nlp was highly homologous (62 to 63%) to the Ner proteins of bacteriophages Mu and D108. The amino-terminal region of Nlp deduced from the complete open reading frame contained a presumed DNA-binding region. The nlp gene was located at 69.3 min on the E. coli genetic map.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1989

Acute hydrothorax in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis--a collaborative study of 161 centers.

Follow-up studies on 3,195 patients from 161 centers in Japan undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) were performed for 1-104 months to clarify the incidence as well as the clinical features of acute hydrothorax. In these studies, 50 patients (1.6%) developed this complication. Twenty-seven (54%) were men, and 23 (46%) were women, ranging in age from 6 to 79 (average 49) years. The interval between onset of CAPD and hydrothorax ranged from 1 day to 8 years. Four had left-sided, and 2 had bilateral hydrothorax, but the majority (88%) were right-sided. Dyspnea was experienced by 37 of these 50 patients, but the remaining 13 (26%) patients were asymptomatic. Hydrothorax was fully resolved in 27 of them following a brief interruption of CAPD or the combined use of small exchange volumes in a semi-sitting position and pleurodesis with tetracycline or other agents. The remaining 23 patients (46%) were switched to hemodialysis permanently. Despite recurrence, 1 patient continued successfully on CAPD. It was concluded that acute hydrothorax is one important possible complication, although the risk may be low. Constant surveillance is necessary to detect pleural effusions in patients during CAPD.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Association of IgA nephropathy and myasthenia gravis.

Three patients with IgA nephropathy associated with myasthenia gravis are described. In all 3 cases, myasthenia gravis emerged after the discovery of glomerulonephritis. Myasthenic symptoms were improved by thymectomy in 2 cases, but progression of the renal disease was not improved. Some systemic abnormalities, including immunological aberrations, were observed in these two disorders. It is postulated that T cell abnormalities in IgA nephropathy might be independent of the development of myasthenia gravis.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Ectopic production of parathyroid hormone by small cell lung cancer in a patient with hypercalcemia.

Severe hypercalcemia (serum calcium, 4.37-4.84 nmol/L) was found in a 70-yr-old man who had a small cell carcinoma of the lung with multiple metastases. The plasma immunoreactive PTH concentration was markedly elevated, as measured in three different PTH assays [N-terminal PTH, 4,650 ng/L (normal, 230-630); midregion PTH, 13,850 ng/L (normal, 180-560); C-terminal PTH, 9,900 ng/L (normal, less than 1,300)], but at autopsy the parathyroid glands were histologically normal. The PTH concentration of a liver metastasis was 503.5 ng/g wet wt (normal liver, less than 4.2-5.9), and the PTH in the tumor extract eluted at nearly the same position as synthetic human PTH-(1-84) on gel filtration chromatography. Northern blot analysis revealed PTH mRNA in the tumor as a single band of 0.9 kilobase. These results indicate that the ectopic PTH production by the lung cancer was the cause of hypercalcemia in this patient.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Redundant nerve roots of the cauda equina: clinical aspects and consideration of pathogenesis.

In order to investigate the clinical significance of redundant nerve roots of the cauda equina (RNR) and their pathogenesis, the following studies were performed: 1) examination of 1,256 myelograms of patients with lumbar disease; 2) clinical analysis of 55 patients with RNR and 75 without RNR; 3) electrophysiological examination of 9 patients with RNR; and 4) anatomical and histopathological examination of 6 autopsy cases. RNR were found in 42% of patients with severely constricted spinal canals. In comparing patients with RNR and those without RNR, RNR were found in older patients, these patients exhibited a longer period from the onset of the symptoms to the time of myelographic manifestation, and they caused more severe signs and symptoms. The spatial distribution of redundant nerve roots and the extent of degeneration of nerve fibers in redundant nerve roots indicated the close causal relationship between RNR and constriction of the spinal canal. As the pathogenesis of RNR, the authors suggest a squeezing force from the constricted spinal canal acting on the nerve roots.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

A comparative study of the distribution of fluorescently labeled calmodulin and tubulin in the meiotic apparatus of the mouse oocyte.

The localizations of tubulin and calmodulin were investigated in the mouse oocyte during the second meiosis by fluorescently labeling and microinjecting these proteins prepared from porcine brain tissue. When injected, both tubulin and calmodulin were quickly incorporated into the preformed meiotic apparatus of the oocyte at metaphase. The localization of labeled tubulin was coincident with that of birefringence. However, the localization of labeled calmodulin was somewhat different: the fluorescence of calmodulin was intense in the polar regions of the spindle. After the chromosomes began to move, followed by parthenogenetic activation upon microinjection of a calcium buffer, these two fluorescent proteins, localized in the meiotic apparatus, moved to the interzonal region of the spindle during anaphase. At late anaphase and throughout telophase, calmodulin was excluded from the mid-bodylike structures in the interzonal region, whereas tubulin did accumulate in these structures.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Identification of an intermediate filament associated high molecular weight protein using monoclonal antibodies.

Monoclonal antibodies reactive to a high molecular weight protein in MDBK cells were prepared and used to localize this protein in cultured cells. An insoluble fraction of MDBK cells after extraction with Triton X-100 was used as an immunogen and an immunofluorescent cell staining method was used to screen hybridoma cells. Three mAbs recognized a protein having nearly the same mobility as that of the microtubule-associated protein 2 in SDS-PAGE but no immunological reactivity of bovine microtubule proteins to these mAbs distinguished these proteins. Immunoblotting and cell staining experiments showed its presence in the intermediate filament-nuclear matrix fraction. Double staining experiments of cells using these mAbs and antibody against vimentin cleared the association of this protein with vimentin filaments. Results of immunoelectron microscopy confirmed its localization on the intermediate filaments.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Isolation and characterization of C-reactive protein and serum amyloid P component from bovine serum.

C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid P component (SAP), which are known as acute phase reactants in human and many other animals, were purified from cow sera. Affinity chromatography using HE agarose gel was the most effective method to isolate both CRP and SAP from a large volume of bovine serum. Separation of CRP and SAP from the mixed preparation could be performed by DEAE-cellulose column chromatography, gel permeation HPLC using TSK-G3000SW or affinity chromatography using phosphorylcholine derivatives of bovine serum albumin-conjugated Toyopearl HW 65. Bovine CRP and SAP were identified as genuine CRP- and SAP-class proteins by their cross reactivities with anti-human CRP and anti-human SAP, respectively, and by their homology in amino acid compositions compared with those of human CRP and SAP, respectively. Bovine CRP moved slower than beta-globulin, and bovine SAP moved in the beta-globulin region in agarose gel electrophoresis. Both of them gave single bands in native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). Bovine CRP and SAP molecular weights were estimated to be 100,600 and 109,500 daltons respectively, by sedimentation equilibrium analysis. Bovine CRP showed 23K dalton subunits by sodium laurylsulfate-PAGE and bovine SAP showed 28K and 32K dalton subunits, both of which were glycosylated and had identical amino acid compositions, indicating that both CRP and SAP molecules are pentamers. In fact, they appeared to have pentameric disk-like configurations in electronmicroscopical examination.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1989

Effects of glycyrrhizin (SNMC: stronger Neo-Minophagen C) in hemophilia patients with HIV infection.

Glycyrrhizin (GL) not only has an inhibitory effect on HIV replication but also exhibits interferon-inducing and natural killer (NK)-enhancing effects and improves liver dysfunction. Thus, large doses of GL (200-800 mg/day) were intravenously administered for more than 8 weeks to 9 hemophilia A patients with HIV infection (asymptomatic carrier, AC). Lymphocyte count increased in all 9 cases. OKT4 OKT8 ratio was elevated in 6 out of the 9 cases and OKT4-positive lymphocytes increased in 8 out of the 9 cases; 66.7% and 88.9% improvement, respectively. Changes in NK cell activity and mitogenic responsiveness to PHA, Con A and PWM were not significant. Liver dysfunction, noted in 4 cases, clearly improved. Serum electrolytes, protein, lipids, and renal function were within normal levels and no serious side-effects were observed during treatment. On the other hand, in 3 cases of hemophilia without HIV infection, the number of OKT4 lymphocytes was not significantly altered during treatment. From these results, large dose administration of GL to HIV-positive hemophilia patients (AC) seems to be effective in preventing development of AC into AIDS by raising the number of decreased OKT4 lymphocytes and improving liver dysfunction.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

[Microbeading resin-bonded retainers. 1. Tensile bond strengths and durability].

With the development of adhesive luting resins that adheres both dental alloys and tooth enamel has been widely used the resin-bonded fixed partial denture recently. Since we experienced, however, that the metal retainers without mechanical retention such as channels were often dislodged with metal interface failure, the more durable bonding between a luting resin and a metal has been desired. This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of microbeading onto the adherent metal surface on the tensile adhesive strength between an adhesive luting resin and a dental alloy. Maxgold equivalent to Type IV gold and Panavia EX were used as an adherent metal and a luting resin, respectively. The following conclusions were drawn: 1. Microbeading on the adherent metal surface made no contribution to an increase of the tensile adhesive strength, unless the adherent surface treatment was achieved. However, once 50 microns alumina blasting and tin plating were achieved on the microbeaded metal surface, the tensile adhesive strength was significantly increased. 2. Taking into account the fabrication technique and the tensile adhesive strength, the optimum diameter of microbeads seems to be 150 microns. 3. In the result of various accelerative durability tests (invasion tests in 70 and 100 degrees C water, thermal cycling between 4 and 60 degrees C water), the durability of 150 microns microbeaded metal surface on which 50 microns alumina blasting and tin plating were achieved was much better than that of the smooth metal surface.

Dental Alloys↗
PubMed1989

Hypocalcemic action of the several types of salicylic acid analogues.

The present study was performed to see the structure-activity relationships on the aspirin-induced hypocalcemia. Several kinds of salicylic acid (SA) analogues administered orally with a stomach tube. In general, the drugs were suspended in the 2% CMC solution. At the scheduled times after the treatment, 60 microliters of the blood was collected to determine the level of calcium. Aspirin, sodium salt of o-hydroxybenzoic acid (Na-salicylate), sodium salt of m- and p-hydroxybenzoic acid (HBA), 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHBA), PAS sodium dihydrate (PAS-Na), salicylamide (SAM) and 2% CMC control were used. Hypocalcemia was induced by aspirin and Na-salicylate but not by m- and p-HBA-Na. In addition, DHBA and PAS caused hypocalcemia when they were administered intravenously but not orally. These results suggest that the carboxyl group must be adjacent to the hydroxyl group on the benzene ring to induce this type of hypocalcemia and that the SA structure would be able to induce hypocalcemia, even in the presence of the additional third substituent on the same ring. On the comparison between aspirin-DL lysine (water soluble aspirin) and SA-DL lysine, SA-DL lysine, which is not an inhibitor of PG synthetase, was more effective on the hypocalcemic action than ASP-DL lysine. The phenomenon was observed at the stage especially immediately after intravenous injection, when the acetyl group may be more responsible to acetylate the PG synthetase in the aspirin-DL lysine group. The present results seems to be consistent with the previous hypothesis that PGs are not involved in the process of aspirin-induced hypocalcemia in the rat.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Partial cystectomy for bladder carcinoma: lyophilized human dura as a bladder wall substitute].

Ten cases were treated by partial cystectomy for bladder carcinoma (anterior wall 5 cases, dome 1 case, dome to anterior wall 2 cases, lateral wall 2 cases) and these defects were covered with lyophilized human dura (LHD). A few minutes before use, LHD was put into saline for rehydration and, for anastomosis, we used 2 zero plain catgut. In eight cases cardiovascular complications, DM and liver cirrhosis were found before operation. The mean operation time +/- SD was 109 +/- 26 minutes, and the indwelling catheter was left in place for 15 to 42 days. In three cases, prolonged urine leak from the wound continued after operation, and in one case temporal VUR was found without clinical significance. No severe urinary tract infection was found in all cases. The inner surface of dura was almost epithelialized after 8 weeks, 8 cases were in good clinical condition but one case was treated by TUR for recurrence of bladder tumor 1 year and 3 months after operation. Our results with LHD as a substitute for the bladder wall have been satisfactory. The main advantage of this technique is that large vesical segmental resection is possible to such an extent as to satisfy Prout's criteria (at least 3 cm of apparently normal bladder are available to be excised around the tumor).

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[[Child-sex effects on further births]].

This paper clarifies the child-sex effects on the number of additional children in Japan. The data were retrospective birth histories of the 8th Japanese National Fertility Survey carried out by the Institute of Population Problems in 1982. 1st, the authors found that the majority of the Japanese had a balanced sex preference. There was a slight shift from boy preference to girl preference in terms of the parity progression ratio. The effect of the 1st child's sex was small, but the effect of the parity-2 sex combination was as big or bigger than that of other socioeconomic variables. Next, the authors observed some evidence suggesting strong sex preference in opinion and behavior, such as differential intentions of further childbearing due to the sex of previous children and differences in the number of abortions caused by the sex combination of living children. Finally, the authors noted further issues to be examined in the study of sex preference in Japan.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1989

Three cases of acute massive hydrothorax complicating continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD).

Acute hydrothorax is a rare complication of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). We experienced three such cases among patients who started CAPD in our institute between April 1984 and April 1989. One was resolved with pleurodesis using autologous blood. The other two patients were switched to hemodialysis permanently because pleurodesis with autologous blood, tetracycline or OK432 failed. Acute hydrothorax is one important possible complication in CAPD.

Adult↗