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Biomedical subjects

H S Levin

Publications and source records attributed to H S Levin.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Operating room consultation by the pathologist.

Intraoperative consultation by the pathologist should ensure that adequate diagnostic tissue has been obtained, should facilitate the proper handling of tissue, and should provide accurate, prompt histopathologic diagnosis by frozen-section technique. This article discusses the pathologist's role in diseases of the urinary tract, male genital organs, adrenal gland and retroperitoneum.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1984

Renal oncocytoma: a diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma.

From 1968 to 1983, 254 patients underwent an operation for presumed renal cell carcinoma. In this retrospective review the pathological diagnosis was renal oncocytoma in 11 patients (4 per cent). Renal oncocytomas were present bilaterally in 2 patients, including 1 with a coexisting renal cell carcinoma. In 2 other patients the oncocytomas were multicentric. The angiographic, computerized tomographic and sonographic findings in these patients typified renal cell carcinoma. Surgical treatment comprised radical or partial nephrectomy for unilateral and bilateral lesions, respectively. Because of the benign nature, multicentricity, possible bilaterality and absence of pathognomonic radiographic features, renal oncocytomas should be considered in the differential diagnosis of solid renal masses.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1984

Evoked potential correlates of recovery from aphasia after focal left hemisphere injury in adults.

An evoked potentials (EPs) paradigm that has been effective in demonstrating asymmetries in hemispheric activation during cognitive tasks was used to assess cerebral reorganization for language in recovered aphasics. Cortical click EPs were recorded bilaterally in normal volunteers, recovered aphasics who had sustained focal left hemisphere injury, and nonaphasic patients with diffuse injuries during a control condition of attending only to the click and during a verbal memory task. During that task, EP amplitude attenuation occurred in the left hemisphere for the normal subjects and the nonaphasic patients and in the right hemisphere for the recovered aphasics. These contrasting asymmetries in hemispheric activation suggest that a shift of hemispheric specialization for verbal processing contributes to the recovery of linguistic competence in adult aphasics.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Evoked potential correlates of posttraumatic amnesia after closed head injury.

The P-300 component of evoked potentials to a rare tone was measured in normal volunteers and in patients with closed head injuries who either were confused (in posttraumatic amnesia) or had recovered from posttraumatic amnesia and were oriented at the time of recording. The latency of this component, which reflects cortical processing of stimuli, varied reliably, with the degree of orientation being longest for confused patients and shortest for normal subjects. On the basis of these data, we suggest that the P-300 latency can be used as a physiological index of cognitive function in patients with closed head injury.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Auditory evoked potentials in senescent forgetfulness.

Two evoked potential (EP) techniques and the selective reminding test were employed to investigate an apparently benign forgetfulness in seven elderly subjects and seven age-matched elderly subjects with normal memory. EPs were also recorded in a group of seven young adults. Latency of the P3 component, which has been demonstrated to increase in primary degenerative dementia, displayed the normal age-related variation in both elderly groups, but did not differ between the forgetful subjects and the elderly controls. Further, no difference in the recovery cycle of the EP, as measured in a two tone stimulation paradigm, was present between forgetful and elderly control groups. Reexamination of memory after nearly a year disclosed no evidence of deterioration in either elderly group. These findings suggest that senescent forgetfulness, as defined herein, may be a nonprogressive memory disorder.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Mutism after closed head injury.

Prospective study of patients admitted to a hospital for closed head injury showed that nine patients (nearly 3%) became mute for varying periods despite recovery of consciousness and communication through a nonspeech channel. Computed tomography (CT) showed subcortical lesions situated primarily in the putamen and internal capsule of four patients, whereas four of the five patients without subcortical lesions had left-hemisphere cortical injury. The patients without subcortical injury visualized by CT exhibited a longer duration of impaired consciousness consistent with severe diffuse brain injury and they showed more long-term linguistic deficits. We related our findings to recent studies of atypical aphasia after occlusive vascular lesions of the basal ganglia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Evoked potential indices of selective hemispheric engagement in affective and phonetic tasks.

Evoked potentials (EPs) to a probe click stimulus were recorded from left and right temporal areas of dextral adults engaged in phonetic and prosodic processing of an emotionally charged tape recorded conversation. Attenuation of the probe EP amplitudes was significantly greater in the left and right hemispheres during the phonetic and prosodic tasks, respectively, indicating lateral dominance shifts depending on selective processing of linguistic vs affective cues conveyed by the same speech signals.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Radiation-induced cystitis following intracavitary irradiation for superficial bladder cancer.

Intracavitary irradiation is effective in the treatment of noninvasive papillary transitional cell carcinoma and carcinoma in situ of the bladder. Mortality has not been associated with this form of therapy. The morbidity associated with intracavitary irradiation consists of mild to severe radiation cystitis and we report 2 such cases. One patient is from a series of 65 patients with noninvasive bladder tumors treated with intracavitary irradiation at this clinic since 1965. The second patient had noninvasive bladder tumors and was treated with intracavitary irradiation elsewhere. In both patients severe radiation cystitis subsequently developed, requiring simple cystectomy and urinary diversion. The potential for this serious side effect must be considered when choosing a form of therapy for patients with noninvasive papillary transitional cell carcinoma and carcinoma in situ of the bladder.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Early versus late lateral ventricular enlargement following closed head injury.

Serial computed tomographic scans in 39 closed head injury patients were measured by planimetry. The ventricle-brain ratio was computed, and the lateral ventricles were considered to be enlarged or normal based on measurements from a control group. Delayed ventricular enlargement was common after head injury producing low Glasgow Coma Scale scores and prolonged coma, whereas subarachnoid/intraventricular haemorrhage was more common with early enlargement. The degree of ventriculomegaly was related to neuropsychological test performance only when enlargement was delayed. It is postulated that diffuse axonal injury and hypoxic-ischaemic insult contributed to late ventricular enlargement, whereas a compensated obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid may be the predominant cause in the early group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Myelolipoma: an unusual surgical lesion of the adrenal gland.

The clinical and pathologic features of three cases of surgically removed myelolipoma of the adrenal gland are presented. As with 18 previously reported cases, the lesions were found in obese, middle-aged persons; two of three had chronic, systemic disease (vasculitis and lymphoma, sustained hypertension). The only symptom possibly attributable to the neoplasm was nonspecific abdominal pain, and each lesion was identified by inferior renal displacement on intravenous urography. As computed tomography becomes widely available, the authors expect more myelolipomas to be detected that require surgical exploration, since there are no satisfactory, specific radiographic criteria to differentiate adrenal myelolipoma from adrenocortical carcinoma.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1982

Prosopagnosia.

Three patients with prosopagnosia, and acquired inability to recognize familiar faces usually resulting from cerebrovascular insufficiency, had left-sided visual field defects and color vision abnormalities of central origin. Prosopagnosia, although clinically associated with posterior right hemispheric disease in most cases, represents a disconnection of both occipital poles from the final processing center for facial recognition in the right temporal lobe. This problem can profoundly affect everyday activities requiring visual recognition.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Tachistoscopic visual perception after closed head injury.

Tachistoscopic visual perception was examined in 42 right-handed closed head injury patients and 10 normal controls by determining the duration for recognition of a trigram in central vision and by employing a visual field laterality task. Thresholds did not vary with severity of injury but were significantly longer than those of controls for midly, moderately, and severely injured patients. A nonsignificant right visual field superiority for trigram recognition was exhibited by all groups. Recognition of trigrams in either visual field was impaired in moderately and severely injured patients relative to controls. Possible explanations for these findings are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Prosopagnosia: a double dissociation between the recognition of familiar and unfamiliar faces.

Two cases of a dissociation between prosopagnosia and impaired capacity to match familiar faces were studied. Recognition of familiar faces recovered in the first patient, whereas prosopagnosia persisted in the second patient despite recovery of matching unfamiliar faces and other visuoperceptive skills. This double dissociation is discussed in relation to current views of prosopagnosia.

Adult↗