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Biomedical subjects

H Roux

Publications and source records attributed to H Roux.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Are classification criteria for spondylarthropathy useful as diagnostic criteria?

The authors used data from a study conducted under the auspices of the Société Française de Rhumatologie to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the individual items of two sets of criteria for spondylarthropathy. The study included 124 patients with spondylarthropathy and 1,964 controls. They found that the spondylarthropathy criteria with the highest sensitivities and specificities were useful not only for classifying patients but also for assisting in the diagnosis of spondylarthropathy.

Humans↗
PubMed1994

Broadband ultrasound attenuation of the os calcis: preliminary study.

Broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) measurements of the calcaneus were performed in 87 healthy subjects and in 17 patients with osteoporotic vertebral fractures. In 52 normal subjects, bone mineral densities (BMD) of the lumbar spine were measured by quantitative CT (QCT), and in another group of 15 normal subjects, BMD of the lumbar spine was measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). BUA showed a negative significant correlation with age (r = 0.44; p < 0.001), and was more pronounced in women. A significant positive correlation of BUA in the os calcis with lumbar BMD using QCT (r = 0.53, p < 0.001) or DXA (r = 0.81; p < 0.001), was observed. We found no significant difference between osteoporotic patients (n = 17; mean BUA value: 58.4 +/- 18) and controls (n = 17; mean BUA value; 61 +/- 15). The mean coefficient of variation was high: 6%. These results suggest that BUA is not yet a valuable tool in general clinical practice and that further additional improvements are necessary in order to use it in the management of osteoporosis.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1994

[Ruptures of the tendons of the hand and wrist in rheumatoid arthritis].

We report our experience with 23 patients with rheumatoid arthritis who presented 48 tendon lesions involving 32 extensor tendons and 16 flexion tendons. Translocations of healthy tendons, overlapping with adjacent healthy tendons and tendon grafts were performed. Results for extensor tendons, expressed as defect in residual extension were excellent in 8 patients, good in 5 and mediocre in 4. For flexor tendons, there were 2 excellent results and 5 mediocre results in terms of thumb-palm contact. Prevention by early synovectomy is particularly important.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Lumbar bone mineral density in anorexia nervosa.

We studied lumbar bone mineral densities (BMD) using a dual photon absorptiometer in 18 women with anorexia nervosa (AN). Results were compared with data from a control group of 36 healthy women. We found significantly reduced mean bone densities as compared with control group (0.814 +/- 0.072 g/cm2 hydroxy-apatite equivalent vs 1.011 +/- 0.023; p < 0.01). Only one patient developed vertebral compression fracture. BMD was negatively correlated with duration of amenorrhoea (r = -0.68; p < 0.01) but not significantly with duration of AN. We found no correlation between BMD and estradiol blood levels, age of onset, body mass index and daily calorie intake. The correlation between BMD and duration of amenorrhoea may indicate that long standing estrogen deficiency is a major factor in the osteoporosis (OP) observed in AN.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1993

Aetiologies of male osteoporosis: identification procedures.

Secondary causes and risk factors assume far greater importance in male osteoporosis than in female osteoporosis. The principal problem in dealing with male osteoporosis, above all in young men, is the difficulty to find a curable aetiology. Six groups of aetiologies can be drawn up: toxic causes or causes due to a change in the general state of health, drug-induced causes, renal causes, hormonal causes, exceptional causes and lastly the idiopathic form. The minimum number of investigations necessary so as to be quite sure not to overlook these various aetiologies is proposed.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Overproduction of monocyte derived tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin (IL) 6, IL-8 and increased neutrophil superoxide generation in Behçet's disease. A comparative study with familial Mediterranean fever and healthy subjects.

OBJECTIVE: The etiopathogenesis of Behçet's disease (BD) has not yet been clarified but might involve immune dysfunction. As cytokines are involved in the regulation of immune responses and inflammatory reactions, we investigated whether they may play a role in the pathogenesis of BD. METHODS: We investigated spontaneous and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated production of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), interleukin (IL) 1, IL-6, IL-8 and granulocyte monocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) by peripheral blood monocytes from 21 patients with BD, 10 healthy controls and 10 patients with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF), another chronic inflammatory disease. We also studied superoxide generation and surface antigen expression by polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN). RESULTS: The spontaneous secretion of TNF alpha, IL-6 and IL-8 by monocytes was significantly increased in patients with active BD. The secretion of TNF alpha, IL-1, IL-6 and IL-8 was found to be in normal range in asymptomatic patients with FMF. The LPS stimulated production of TNF alpha, IL-6, IL-1 and IL-8 was significantly increased in patients with BD, without any correlation with BD activity. In vitro, PMN spontaneously generated significant amounts of superoxide in patients with active BD. CONCLUSION: Taken together, our results suggest that monocyte and PMN dysfunctions may play a role in the pathogenesis of BD.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Chronic hepatitis C and Gougerot-Sjogren syndrome. Apropos of a case].

The authors report a patient with concomitant Sjögren's syndrome and chronic hepatitis C. Close associations between autoimmune liver disease, chronic hepatitis C, and Sjögren's syndrome have been demonstrated. The most likely hypothesis involves triggering of an autoimmune cascade by the hepatitis C virus. Prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in patients with Sjögren's syndrome and potential therapeutic implications of this disease combinations remain to be determined.

Autoimmune Diseases↗
PubMed1992

Serum and synovial fluid osteocalcin in rheumatic diseases.

The mechanisms involved in juxta-articular bone destruction are poorly understood. Osteocalcin or gamma-carboxyglutamic acid (GLA) protein is a small non-collagenous bone protein. It is a sensitive marker of osteoblastic bone formation. Its seric variations in the serum in such rheumatisms as rheumatoid arthritis remain unclear. Further information on local osteoblastic activity may be obtained by assaying the level of osteocalcin in the synovium. Its serum level can be evaluated by radioimmunoassay. The same method can be used in the synovial fluid. Paired serum and synovial fluid samples have been assayed from 63 patients, 33 patients with inflammatory arthritis (rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, chondrocalcinosis, pyogenic arthritis) and 30 patients with mechanical joint effusion (osteoarthritis, meniscal lesions). Serum levels of osteocalcin were the same in the inflammatory group (m: 8.69 +/- 0.68 ng/ml) and in the mechanical group (m: 10.2 +/- 0.67 ng/ml). In the synovial fluid, the levels of osteocalcin were significantly lower in the inflammatory group (m: 3.27 +/- 0.40 ng/ml) than in the mechanical group (m: 6.91 +/- 0.47 ng/ml). The same results were obtained with the ratio of synovial fluid osteocalcin on serum osteocalcin. There was a significant correlation between serum and synovial fluid osteocalcin and an inverse correlation between synovial fluid osteocalcin and the number of synovial fluid cells. The present study suggests that periarticular osteoblastic depression, among patients with inflammatory arthritis, is likely.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Stress fractures during fluoride therapy. Physiopathological value of histomorphometry].

Bone histomorphometry was carried out in 11 women, aged 53 to 80 (mean = 69.6), treated with fluoride for vertebral osteoporosis for more than 6 months and having suffered one or more stress fractures (1 to 4 sites, mean = 1.7 sites) during that time. Classical contraindications were complied with in all cases but 2 patients did not have any combined calcium supplement. In 6 cases, histomorphometry showed no sign (notably hyperosteoidosis) of the effects of fluoride on bone. Bone trabecular volume was markedly below the fracture threshold in 4 patients. This group refractory to fluoride included the two patients who had received no calcium supplement. In 5 cases, histomorphometry showed hyperosteoidosis of normal or low thickness, with a normal mineralisation rate, reflecting the effects of fluoride on bone. However, bone trabecular volume remained below the fracture threshold in all cases. In all 11 cases, bone structure studied in polarised light was lamellar and there was no increase in cortical porosity. These results suggest that the imputability to fluoride of peripheral bone accidents must be viewed very relatively (the persistence of an insufficient bone trabecular volume being the feature usually found) or, at any event, that its possible iatrogenic effect is not linked to bone remoulding abnormalities.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Surgical treatment of ruptures of the rotator cuff].

This study analyses the results of 30 surgical repairs of the rotator cuff. The basic problem was degenerative pathology in which medical treatment had been tried previously in all cases. The type of treatment was based upon preoperative evaluation and arthro-CT scan in particular. Results were invariably good, with regression of pain and recovery of activity. Muscle power was significantly correlated with the value of the tendon repaired, this being reflected overall by incomplete recovery.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Bacillary trochanteritis. Apropos of 30 cases].

Tuberculous trochanteritis is rare. The authors report 30 cases, 2/3 of which were seen in sanatoria. They occurred in four cases out of five in patients with long standing tuberculosis but were sometimes the presenting feature. Development of an abscess of the trochanteric serous bursa is a virtually constant complication. Their minimal functional consequences and slow progression endow them with an apparently benign nature which masks the risk of secondary complications (4 cases of coxalgia). Radiological appearances, minimal in early forms, are currently becoming more abundant by virtue of new medical imaging techniques. Specific antibiotic therapy is adequate in two cases out of three, completed in advanced and aggressive forms by local procedures dominated by surgical excision (13 cases).

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Pigmented villonodular synovitis of joints. Apropos of 16 cases. Surgical aspects. Contribution of nuclear magnetic resonance imaging].

This study of 16 cases of pigmented villonodular synovitis of joints treated by the same surgical team involved 6 cases of the localized or nodular form and 10 cases of the diffuse form. The knee was the commonest joint involved (12 cases), with involvement of the hip (3 cases) and foot (1 case) being rarer. Bone invasion is usual when the joint is narrow (hip, foot) but is rarer in the knee where joint capacity is greater (5 cases out of 12). Clinical symptomatology is rarely typical. Hemarthrosis, the most suggestive sign, was found in only two cases out of twelve. While the final diagnosis must always be based upon histology, great help may be provided by modern techniques such as arthroscopy, computed tomography and above all MRI, the presence of hemosiderin being shown by a low signal in T1 which decreases even further in T2. Treatment is based upon surgical synovectomy, with advanced osteoarticular lesions requiring joint replacement.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Evaluation of the Amor criteria for spondylarthropathies and European Spondylarthropathy Study Group (ESSG). A cross-sectional analysis of 2,228 patients].

Two sets of criteria have been proposed to discriminate spondylarthropathies (SA) from other rheumatic diseases. To evaluate their performance, we conducted a cross-sectional study in the patients observed during one week in 28 French Departments of Rheumatology by 91 staff-teaching physicians. The physicians had to apply these criteria to all their patients and had to classify them as definite SA, definite other rheumatic disease or possible SA. The analysis performed on the 2,088 patients with a definite diagnosis (124 SA and 1,964 controls) showed the following results: (table; see text) Of the 140 patients with possible SA, 37 fulfilled both sets of criteria, 22 the ESSG criteria alone and 12 the Amor criteria alone. These data suggest that a) the overall performance of these two sets of criteria is similar; b) this performance is better in the group of patients with a definite diagnosis; c) the patients without a definite diagnosis require a longer follow-up to assess the clinical relevance of these two sets of criteria.

Cross-Sectional Studies↗