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Biomedical subjects

H Rosegger

Publications and source records attributed to H Rosegger.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Supplementation with fully adapted milk substitute or calorie-free tea in the first days of life. Effect on drinking behavior and some measurements in mature healthy newborns].

180 mature newborn infants (birth-weight 3390 +/- 397 g) were randomly divided into 2 groups of 90 each: all were breast-fed according to the guide-lines recommended by "La Leche League". When breast feeds did not suffice the infants in group A were supplemented with sugar-free tea (o kcal), those in group B with a fully adapted formula (518 kcal/dl). Group A infants generally were more hungry, scored a greater suckling activity, higher feeding frequency and less calorie intake. 19% of them received 1-2 additional milk-feeds because of severe hunger reactions. Group B had a somewhat lower intake of breast milk, a statistically significant higher intake of supplementary feeds and a higher calorie intake. 5.5% in either group were not supplemented at all. The groups did not differ in body temperature, greatest weight loss, serum bilirubin and blood glucose levels and red blood cell count. Supplementation of formula revealed no obvious advantage over supplementation of tea in the first 4 days of life. However, feeding frequency was lower in infants receiving milk supplements.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1985

[Fetomaternal blood transfusion as a cause of severe obstetrical complications].

A Caesarean section was performed in a healthy secundipara of 26 years of age in the 39th week of gestation, because of severe alterations of foetal heart-rate patterns, signalling foetal distress. Amount and colour of the amniotic fluid appeared normal. A highly anaemic male infant was delivered (BW 2920 g, BL: 49.5 cm, RBC: 770 000/mm3, PVC: 11%). Since perinatal posttraumatic bleeding was excluded by the normal appearance of the umbilical cord and the placenta, transplacental foeto-maternal macrotransfusion was suggested immediately and diagnosis confirmed by demonstrating foetal red cells in the maternal circulation (79%) using a modified Kleihauer technique. Other causes of anaemia in the newborn such as haemolysis, coagulopathies and failure of red cell production were excluded later. Foetal erythrocytes can be demonstrated in the maternal circulation up to 80 days after delivery, provided the blood groups of mother and foetus are compatible. If this is not the case, there will be a rapid elimination of foetal red cells. Hence, it appears advisable to conduct a Kleihauer test directly if foeto-maternal transfusion is suspected. It may well be that some of the cases of unexplained foetal death are due to this phenomenon.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Oral rehydration by nasogastric tube using continuously sterilized water in infants with diarrhea in South Sudan (the Upper Nile area, Melut)].

In the Melut-area 120 infants and young children (100%) (average estimated age 6 months) suffering from acute gastroenteritis were treated according to degree of dehydration and state of consciousness. Comatous patients and patients with life-threatening dehydration (= 25% of the patients) were given physiological NaCl-solution (15 ml/kg b. w.) intravenously and subsequently 2 to 4 courses with glucose electrolyte solution administered as a continuous drip-infusion via a nasogastric tube (CNGI) until the patient shed urine. Moderately dehydrated patients (35%) were treated by one or several CNGI only and therapy was then continued at home. Patients with mild dehydration (40%) were usually treated at home. Because of the bad quality and the microbiological contamination of the drinking-water which was the only source available for preparing the rehydration solution a chlorine-free disinfectant based on silver was used for water disinfection and preservation. Only solutions prepared in such water were used for both home-treatment and CNGI. In the 120 patients with treated diarrhea during a 7 months period 4 died. The rate of relapses, however, could not be established.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1984

[Unrecognized intrauterine toxoplasmosis despite screening].

A female small for date infant (BW 1500 g) was delivered after uncomplicated pregnancy in the 36th week of gestation. On routine screening for toxoplasmosis a negative SFT had been obtained in the 13th week of gestation. The second examination in the 32nd week was positive (SFT 1:16384). The mother was then put on specific chemotherapy (sulfametoxydiazine and pyrimethamine). The infant, however, had severe- and characteristic lesions (cerebral calcifications, chorioretinitis) not responding to therapy. Morphology of the lesions and serology led to the conclusion that the infant was infected between the 17th and the 24th week of gestation and that the disease remained undetected until the 32nd week, when treatment came already too late. This indicates that in case of a negative test further serological examinations should be carried out at closer intervals to establish the diagnosis in due time.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Cross sectional echoencephalography in infants].

Importance of echoencephalography increased during development of neonatal intensive care. In addition to investigations in neonates 2-D-echoencephalography even during pregnancy and infancy can be used for detection of intracranial pathology. A standardized method of investigation and the knowledge of the pathology of the expected lesions are of fundamental importance. During neonatal period and infancy intraventricular and subdural hemorrhage, brain tumors, postinfection sequelae, hypoxic brain damage, alteration of intracranial perfusion and cerebral malformations can be detected.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1983

[Meconium aspiration syndrome. 1. Perinatal problems; etiology and types].

Obstetric literature deals with meconium stained amniotic fluid (AF) in various ways when judging it as an indicator of fetal distress. This evidently reflects the difficulty of finding overt relations between measurable alterations in the condition of the fetus or of the newborn infant and the amount of meconium passed into the AF. Nor is the moment predictable by means of fetal monitoring when meconium is passed. Discussing these problems in the light of the consecutive course of events resulting finally in meconium aspiration some of the discrepancies can be explained without difficulty. Considering also the kinetics of formation and excretion of AF the distinction of 3 variants of meconium aspiration syndrome is possible: 1. late meconium aspiration syndrome in non-asphyctic infants, 2. late meconium aspiration syndrome in asphyctic infants, 3. "connatal" meconium aspiration syndrome.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1983

[Meconium aspiration syndrome. 2. Pathophysiology, clinical aspects, therapy].

MAS can be divided into 2 stages, distinguishable with respect to morphology of the lungs, clinical symptoms and laboratory data. The reason for the vasoconstriction of the pulmonary vascular bed typical for stage 2 is not yet fully understood. It seems, however, plausible that meconium contains substances (enzymes?) which may trigger the release or the synthesis of vasoactive compounds during the process of an aseptic inflammation. Cleaning the upper respiratory tract of an infant with meconium in the amniotic fluid immediately after birth is the most effective step in the prevention of MAS. This measure has led to a dramatic decline in both morbitity and mortality of the disease. In rare instances rinsing of the trachea with saline can help to remove considerable amounts of meconium too thick and sticky to be removed by simple suction.

Airway Obstruction↗
PubMed1983

[Chronic fetomaternal transfusion].

Transplacental feto-maternal hemorrhage was diagnosed after delivery of a highly anemic infant from a healthy mother with polyhydramnios by demonstration of fetal red cells in the maternal circulation (145 degrees/00) using a modified Kleihauer technique. Other causes for anemia such as hemolysis, coagulopathies, failure of red cell production or perinatal posttraumatic bleeding were excluded. The transfused volume estimated eexceeded the blood volume of the newborn by several times, thus indicating a chronic blood loss. This was confirmed by hematologic data typical for a normovolemic anemia, a low serum iron level and the development of a congestive heart failure in the newborn infant.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[PCV in newborn babies: a comparison of the hematologic values from the coulter counter with the centrifuged PCV (author's transl)].

The packed cell volume (PCV) is an essential index in the evaluation of distressed newborn babies and often allows an early diagnosis of a hyperviscosity syndrome to be made. The PCV can be measured easily and very accurately by centrifuging a heelprick blood sample in a heparinized glass capillary (PCV-c). Commonly the red blood picture including PCV is determined automatically by means of a Coulter Counter (CC) thus allowing the increasing demands of a bigger unit to be coped with. The comparison of the hematologic values (red coll count, Hgb, PCV) as given by the CC, with the PCV-c shows an excellent correlation between red cell count, Hgb and PCV-c and no statistically significant difference of the mean PCV-values of both methods. However, as the PCV-c proves to be more reliable, a wide scattering of the individual PCV-values obtained by the CC is found. Furthermore there is a marked tendency to lower PCV-readings by the CC in the critical zone above 68%, eventually leading to a delay in the diagnosis of a hyperviscosity syndrome and therefore, at least in neonatology, the PCV-c should be preferred.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1980

Horner's syndrome after treatment of tension pneumothorax with tube thoracostomy in a newborn infant.

A premature infant who developed respiratory distress syndrome required artificial ventilation. A right-sided tension pneumothorax at the age of 78 h was treated by insertion of a P.V.C. chest tube reaching deep into the right upper chest. At discharge on day 51 a Horner's syndrome of the right eye was noticed. Detailed examination at the age of one year revealed a typical peripheral preganglionar Horner's syndrome. Because other causes could be ruled out we assume that the lesion of the sympathetic nerve fibers was caused by the tip of the chest tube near the first thoracic intervertebral space.

Horner Syndrome↗
PubMed1980

Pulmonary function studies in long-term survivors with artificial ventilation in the neonatal period.

Lung function tests in 11 children aged 2.5--5.5 years who required intermittent positive pressure ventilation (1--624 hrs) in infancy were obtained. The conditions necessitating artificial ventilation were hyaline membrane disease, neonatal apneic spells, aspiration of milk, and birth asphyxia. On examination the probands were in a good healthy state and without any subjective signs of dyspnea. Lung volumes could be measured in all of the probands. They did not show any statistically significant deviation from standards for height and correlated with the age of the probands. Time related flow rates were sufficiently measurable in 7 probands only, who cooperated adequately. In 6 of them the expiratory flow showed a decrease of the effort independent portion with a slight increase in the total airway resistance. There was no correlation between the condition requiring artificial ventilation, the former therapeutic characteristics and the degree of the pathological lung function tests. The results of this investigation suggest damage of the smallest airways which could be the reason for the obstructively impaired expiratory patterns seen in 6 of the probands.

Asphyxia Neonatorum↗
PubMed1980

[The early feeding of premature and low birth weight infants with breast milk. II. Growth and development within the first year of life (author's transl)].

Growth and development of 172 infants with low birth weight (82 AFD, 90 SFD) were controlled within the first year of life. Head growth of AFD infants kept within normal limits during the whole time. The head circumference of the SFD infants was smaller within the first two months, from the third month onwards there was no signficant difference between AFD and SFD infants. The difference in body weight between AFD and SFD was significant up to the fifth month. Psychomotor development was within normal limits in 165 of the 172 infants, seven children developed signs of cerebral palsy. The incidence of spastic diplegia in infants with a birth weight below 1500 gm was 2.4%. The favourable outcome seems to be at least partially due to the early high caloric feeding.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1979

[Indomethacin in IRDS with PDA phenomenon (author's transl)].

16 premature babies (all needing artificial ventilation, 15 suffering from idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome and one from severe apneic spells) received a single or double dose of indomethacin once the symptoms of an open ductus arteriosus further complicated their disease. Within 24 hours four patients showed closure of their duct, three other patients a very distinct improvement of their hemodynamic situation. There was no change of the ductus dependent symptoms in 8 other babies. One baby presented with a marked a worsening of its clinical situation and finally required surgical closure of its duct. There is quite a discrepancy found in the results reported from different centers. Starting from our results possible reasons for this discrepancy are discussed.

Apnea↗