[Epithelial mucosal barrier of the stomach. Assessment in various stomach diseases using supravital staining of mucosa biopsies].
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Biopsy↗
Biomedical subjects
H Pristautz
Publications and source records attributed to H Pristautz.
[Is sonography superior to enzyme diagnosis in the detection of hepatic steatosis?].
In order to evaluate the diagnostic value of sonography in steatosis of the liver, liver biopsies were performed in 52 patients with sonographically diagnosed steatosis of the liver. 27 of 28 patients with normal serum enzymes showed an estimated steatosis of 10 to 40% on histological examination. In the other 24 patients with increased serum enzyme levels histological steatosis was found in 20 patients. 8 further patients with presumed systemic disorders had both normal sonographic findings and normal serum enzyme levels and when subjected to liver biopsy showed an estimated steatosis in the range of 5 to 10%. Reliable sonographic diagnosis of steatosis of the liver can be made only if the degree of steatosis exceeds 10% at least. Normal serum enzyme levels do not exclude steatosis of the liver.
Enzymes↗
[Sonographic comparative studies of the portal vascular system before and following endoscopic sclerosing of esophageal varices].
On the occasion of 35 episodes of oesophageal injection therapy in which partly the intravascular and partly the perivascular injection technique were used, real time sonographic measurements were performed on the veins of the portal system immediately before and after sclerotherapy. In the case of intravascular injection, both the portal and the splenic vein and the confluens of the splenic and the superior mesenteric vein showed an increase in diameter, whereas in the cases of perivascular injection such changes were minimal or absent. The practical applicability of such sonographic calibrations could possibly lie in certain conclusions that could be drawn concerning the degree of vascular compression or obliteration during each session of sclerotherapy.
Esophageal and Gastric Varices↗
[Effect of celiprolol and metoprolol on serum lipids in patients with various forms of hyperlipoproteinemia].
In a single-blind prospective study, patients with hyperlipoproteinemias of the types II a, II b or IV were examined for changes of their serum lipid levels under the treatment with 300 mg celiprolol or 200 mg metoprolol, respectively, for a period of 4 weeks. Celiprolol led to a reduction of serum triglycerides, while the total cholesterol level remained practically unchanged; the HDL-cholesterol level rose from an average of 41.7 to 53.9 mg/dl (p less than or equal to 0.05). There was a slight increase of the LDL-cholesterol level and a significant decrease of the quotients between LDL- and HDL-cholesterol and between total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol. Metoprolol caused a slight increase of the serum triglycerides, the total cholesterol level remained unchanged, while the HDL-cholesterol level slightly increased from 56.7 to 59.3 mg/dl. The level of LDL-cholesterol and the quotient between LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol decreased slightly. On the contrary, the quotient between total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol remained practically unchanged. Celiprolol had a favourable influence on the serum lipid pattern, as far as the atherogenic risk is concerned.
Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
[Differential diagnosis and therapy possibilities of hematochezia in elderly patients].
In a survey the differential diagnosis and the exploratory and therapeutic possibilities in massive colonic hemorrhage are discussed. In elderly patients the most frequent sources are diverticular hemorrhage and bleeding angiodysplastic lesions. Scintigraphy is the least invasive method of localizing the source of bleeding. Angiography presents, apart from diagnosis, therapeutic possibilities such as embolization or intraarterial administration of vasopressin. In case of failure of conservative treatment hemicolectomy is indicated.
Aged↗
[Significance of pancreatic polypeptide in gastrointestinal diseases].
Release of pancreatic polypeptide (PP) into blood by pancreatic PP cells is closely correlated with pancreatic exocrine secretion and is thus stimulated by food intake. PP causes inhibition of exocrine pancreatic secretion and bile acid output. In insufficiently treated diabetics elevated basal and postprandial serum levels of PP are found, which return to normal when adequate treatment is administered. In patients with autonomous diabetic neuropathy insulin induced hypoglycemia leads to subnormal increases of serum PP levels. Low PP secretion is found in chronic pancreatitis only when pronounced pancreatic insufficiency is observed. In patients with duodenal ulcus significantly elevated but also normal serum PP concentrations were found. Endocrine active pancreatic tumors may cause highly increased PP levels together with other hormones and elevated serum PP levels may be used as a diagnostic indication in such rare cases. However the determination of PP serum levels is not suited as a routine diagnostic method.
Blood Glucose↗
Influence of calcitonin on serum levels of pancreatic polypeptide in man.
In groups of 8 patients each, the increases in pancreatic polypeptide (hPP) serum level were measured after a protein-rich test-meal; one group received an infusion of 200 IU Salmon-calcitonin for a period of 3 hour while the other group did not. Calcitonin causes a significant inhibition of both the basal and the stimulated hPP serum level. Among the patients who did not receive a calcitonin infusion, the stimulated values after 15 to 120 minutes were significantly higher than the initial values, while patients receiving calcitonin did not show a significant increase. With calcitonin, the area under the secretion curve was 43% smaller. yet, on the basis of our results, the known gastrointestinal effects of calcitonin on pancreas secretion cannot be completely explained by the observed inhibition of hPP secretion.
Adult↗
[Diabetic coma].
The diabetic coma presents a metabolic derangement which is initiated by a lack of insulin but is markedly enhanced by intracellular insulin resistance. The most essential points of insulin, fluid and electrolyte substitution are presented in this publication. Intensive care treatment is recommended not only because of the severe metabolic defect but also because of disturbances coming up in the course of treatment.
Central Venous Pressure↗
[Acute pancreatitis].
The acute pancreatitis, especially the more severe cases with tissue necrosis, requires a high degree of intensive care monitoring and treatment. For the determination of the most suitable moment for surgical intervention, close cooperation between internist and surgeon is inevitable. The initial therapy is principally conservative; in especially severe cases and in cases of biliary pancreatitis, an early operation may be necessary, whereas in most cases of grade II pancreatitis, delayed surgery will be performed. Prerequisite for the success of any operation is optimal pre- and postoperative medical treatment.
Acute Disease↗
[Catecholamines in internal medicine emergencies].
The most important indications for the application of the catecholamines dopamine and dobutamine in the internal intensive medical care are acute disturbances of the peripheral vascular regulation and acute heart failure. Differential therapeutic considerations are due to the different actions of both pharmaceutics. Disturbances in peripheral circulation and in renal function are of great importance in case of the septic shock. Dopamine is highly advisable for its vascular and renal efficacy. Whereas the application of dobutamine or a therapy combining the application of dobutamine and dopamine has to be preferred in case of a cardiogenic shock. A retrospective examination has shown that the mortality of patients with a cardiogenic shock after an acute myocardial infarction could be lowered by a therapy of the current catecholamines dobutamine and dopamine.
Acute Disease↗
[Evaluation of the epithelial gastric mucosal barrier in gastric diseases using supravital staining of mucosal biopsies].
The permeability of the surface epithelium of the gastric corpus mucosa was investigated by the means of a supravital stain with trypan blue followed by fixation in Bouin's solution on fresh biopsies. While the epithelium of normal gastric mucosae remained unstained in nearly all cases, an increased permeability of varying degrees was frequently visible in biopsies from patients with gastritis. These changes were most pronounced in chronic atrophic gastritis and in gastritis with intestinal metaplasia and, above all, in acute erosive gastritis. Furthermore, the permeability of the mucosal barrier was markedly elevated in patients under an antiphlogistic or cytostatic therapy. Preincubation of the biopsies in a HCl-pepsin-solution (40 mEqu. HCl and 5 g pepsin per litre) or in a 1 per cent solution of sodium taurocholate, resulted in a marked elevation of permeability, even in normal mucosae, but there were, again, differences between normal and pathologically altered mucosae. The method described in this paper is thought to be a completion to the usually applied measurements of the mucosal barrier e.g. transmural electrical potential difference and ionic diffusion. The practical applicability primarily lies in the investigation of the mucosal barrier on the cellular level in various diseases, but also under the influence of newly developed drugs with damaging or mucoprotective effects.
Biopsy↗
[A simple method for the removal of tight-fitting indwelling catheters].
A skinny flexible steel wire probe bearing a small ball-tip, is described. Using this probe, it was possible to remove the rest of the balloon water out of urinary indwelling catheters in cases where the balloons could not be emptied otherwise. At the following examination the catheters presented a small prominence in the wall of the filling channel which obviously acted as a valve. The valve-like action can be interrupted by the above mentioned probe.
Adolescent↗
[Experience in dietary counseling of diabetics with a new multifunctional learning aid].
The improvement of the effectivity of dietary lessons was investigated in a heterogenous diabetic patient material by using a newly developed multifunctional dietary learning-aid. There was a significantly improved dietary knowledge with respect to the quantitation of both carbohydrates and fat after a single lesson. Furthermore, the results justify the application of the dietary aid in elderly patients and in cases of long duration of the diabetes mellitus.
Diabetes Mellitus↗
[Necrosis of pancreas after endoscopic retrograde pancreaticography (author's transl)].
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Adult↗
TSH, T3, rT3 and fT4 in maximal and submaximal physical exercise.
The response of various thyroid hormone parameters to maximal physical exercise (MPE) was investigated in 14 medium and long distance runners and 13 divers. The effects of submaximal long time physical exercise (SMPE) was examined in seven divers. The TSH-level decreases significantly during MPE and slightly rises again after the end of the exercise. In SMPE, however, TSH continuously rises until 15 min after the end of the exercise. The T3 level rises significantly in MPE and falls below the initial value 15 min after the exercise finishes, during SMPE it remains practically unchanged and slightly decreases after the finish. In MPE, the rT3 level does not change and slightly decreases after termination, while the fT4 level continuously decreases from the beginning till 15 min after the exercise period. The latter two parameters do not show any change in SMPE. As possible reasons for the changes of TSH levels a decrease (MPE) or an increase (SMPE) of pituitary secretion might play a role. Furthermore, in MPE the rise in T3 level might be related to hemoconcentration, and the decrease in fT4 level to an elevated cellular utilization.
Adult↗
Serum FSH, LH, and testosterone in humans after physical exercise.
The serum levels of FSH, LH, and testosterone were determined by radioimmunoassay in 63 men before, during, and after maximal and submaximal physical short- and long-term exercise (800-n running, climbing, 36-k cross-country skiing). In the 800-meter run, significant elevations of FSH, LH, and testosterone were observed, while in all other field and laboratory test (climbing, 36-km cross-country skiing, maximal stepwise bicycle and treadmill ergometry, 90-min submaximal bicycle ergometry) the hormone levels remained unchanged or were decreased. In contrast to FSH and LH, which did not show any clear modification with duration or intensity of exercise or with the state of training, changes of testosterone in the endurance field test (36-km cross-country skiing) seemed to be training dependent. In highly endurance-trained subjects, there was an increase and in less well-trained subjects a decrease of testosterone for equal distances and intensities of exercise.
Adolescent↗
Stereospecific determination of D-thyroxin and L-thyroxin in serum.
A new method for separate determination of D-thyroxin and L-thyroxin in the serum was applied to study the response of serum levels of these isomers and of radioimmunologically determined total T3, total T4, free T4 and TSH upon administration of 2, 4 and 6 mg of a highly purified D-thyroxin preparation in six male patients with diffuse nontoxic goiter. D- and L-thyroxin are determined separately following extraction of the hormone from the serum and formation of diastereomeric dipeptides. The separation and final determination are accomplished by means of ion-pair chromatography on reversed-phase columns using an iodine-selective catalytic detector. A significant decrease in TSH takes place during the 3-days observation period. The values of D-T4, total T3 and free T4 are highest 4 hours after administration of the tablets and get to be to initial values after 24 hours. L-T4 shows no significant change. A direct suppressive effect of D-T4 on the pituitary gland may therefore be assumed as the cause of the suppression of TSH secretion.
Adult↗
Influence of an antiarrhythmic premedication on the development of premature ventricular contractions during fiberoptic gastroduodenoscopy.
Heart rate, blood pressure and ECG changes during fiberoptic gastroscopy were examined in 128 patients, 60 of whom had been orally premedicated with Mexiletine. 55% of the non-premedicated patients developed occasional, and 22% of this group developed accumulated or frequent, premature ventricular contractions. In the patient group with antiarrhythmic premedication, the respective figures were 25% and 8%, and in this group patients with a normal ECG developed premature ventricular contractions less frequently than patients with pathological changes in the ST segment. The antiarrhythmic premedication had no influence on pulse or blood pressure.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗