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Biomedical subjects

H Portier

Publications and source records attributed to H Portier.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Cerebrospinal fluid diffusion kinetics of cefotaxime and fosfomycin in Staphylococcus aureus meningitis with otorrhea].

A case of post-traumatic meningitis with otorrhea due to Staphylococcus aureus was successfully treated with a cefotaxim-fosfomycin (CTX-FOS) combination. Serial samples of CSF leaking from the ear showed that maximal concentrations of CTX and FOS, 3.24 mg/l and 19.10 mg/l respectively, occurred one hour after the infusion of both antibiotics was terminated. For desacetyl-cefotaxim (D-CTX), maximal concentration (1.24 mg/l) occurred two hours later. These findings suggest that lumber puncture to control maximal penetration of CTX and FOS into CSF should be done one hour after infusion of both antibiotics.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Herpes gestationis: immunologic findings].

The treatment of herpes gestationis has been considerably changed in recent years by progress in electron microscopy and immunology. Herpes gestationis, a rare polymorphic vesiculo-bullous pruriginous dermatosis, occurs during pregnancy or the post-partum period. It evolves by acute periods of several weeks, and relapses during later pregnancies or on taking oestro-progestagens. Histologically, the bulla is situated at the dermo-epidermic junction. The epidermal oedema is both intra and extra-cellular. The ultrastructural studies show the importance of the oedema and the changes in the plasma membrane of the basal cells in the onset of the vesicles and the bullae. The immunological inquiry gives diagnostic certainly when one discovers under indirect immuno-fluorescence, a specific serum factor, the herpes gestationis factor. These ultrastructural and immunological data suggest a relationship between herpes gestationis and bullous pemphigus (Lever's disease). In treatment, the possible pathogenic role of prolactin suggests the use of bromocriptin during the postpartum period. The efficacy and innocuity of vitamin B6 make corticosteroids rarely necessary.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Treatment of septicemia with latamoxef. Multicentric study of 60 cases].

Sixty patients including forty two males and eighteen females, age range: 18-87 years, received antibacterial single drug treatment with latamoxef for septicemia. Forty nine patients had underlying conditions including multiple trauma, neoplasm, cardiovascular, metabolic and respiratory tract diseases. Causative pathogens were isolated in all cases. The predominant isolates were E. coli (thirty), Klebsiella pneumoniae (tent) and Enterobacter (seven). A single organism was isolated in fifty seven cases; in the other three cases two organisms were isolated from blood cultures. Mean daily dosage was 46.6 +/- 6.1 mg . kg-1 (range: 14-113 mg . kg-1). In the majority of cases (fifty two) dosage was 3 g . d-1 or less; in thirty cases it was no higher than 2 g . d-1. Duration of therapy ranged from six to thirty eight days. Serum titer was measured in many cases and latamoxef blood levels were assayed in nine patients. A satisfactory clinical response was achieved in fifty eight cases and fifty eight bacteriological cures were also obtained. There was no statistically significant difference in therapeutic response between the 2 g and 3 g daily dosage groups. Tolerance was very good; untoward effects were few and required drug discontinuation in one case only.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Clinical experience of cefotaxime (author's transl)].

Seventeen septicaemia, 18 urinary tract infections, 13 acute bacterial pulmonary infections and 7 infections at various other site were treated with cefotaxime, and, in 48 cases, with cefotaxime alone. The pathogenic organisms were mainly enterobacteria: 19 E. coli, 10 Klebsiella, 8 Proteus, 2 Serratia, 1 Enterobacter, almost all of them having a MIC less than or equal to 1 mcg/ml. The route of administration used was the i.m. route in 33 cases and the i.v. route in 18 cases, both routes having been used in 4 patients. The mean dosage was 45 mg/kg/day. A cure was obtained in 49 cases were clinical and bacteriological results were interpretable (85,7% of cases). The cure rate was 80% in septicaemia, 88,2% in urinary infections and 91,6% in pulmonary infections. In 19 infections due to beta-lactamase producing strains of Gram-negative bacteria, the percentage of cure was 68,4%. The systemic and local tolerance was excellent. Cefotaxime is a very well tolerated and very effective antibiotic, even in prolonged treatment and even in monotherapy, at a mean dosage of 50 mg/kg/day.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Combined cefotaxime-amikacin treatment of infectious episodes in acute leukaemia patients with therapeutically-induced bone marrow aplasia (author's transl)].

In view of the clinical results obtained in severe septicaemia due to Gram-negative organisms, cefotaxime and amikacin combination was used in leukaemic patients with chemotherapeutic aplasia. 30 infectious episodes were treated in 22 cases of acute myeloid leukaemia, one case of acute flare-up in chronic leukaemia and 7 cases of acute lymphoid leukaemia. Cefotaxime was administered at daily doses of 100 mg/kg to the first 4 patients and of 60 mg/kg to the remaining 26 patients by infusion every 6 hours. Amikacin was administered at a daily dose of 15 mg/kg by the same route. 24 excellent results, 4 failures and 1 doubtful result were observed. Tolerance was very good. A new infection appeared in 9 patients during prolonged treatment (mean: 13,7 days). Cefotaxime appears to be a treatment of choice for infective conditions observed in chemotherapeutic aplastic leukaemia. A cure rate of 80% with amikacin combination can be obtained, but, in vivo, resistant pathogens (Streptococcus, group D) or poorly sensitive organisms (Pseudomonas aeruginosa + Bacteroides fragilis: 1 case) may be selected. Then, a new antibiotic treatment, based on accurate bacteriological results, could be given with success.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1980

[Congenital malformations. 1,238 cases of malformed infants in a 25-year (1950 to 1974) continuous series of 49,665 deliveries. Epidemiological and statistical study].

In a study carried on 25 years and about 50 000 births, the authors analyse 1 238 malformed children, with two purposes: 1. to determine a maternal population with high risk of malformations, in order to have a better survey and to look for many anomalies before the birth: 2. to make a "portrait" of the malformed child in order to suspect the existence of congenital anomalies during the obligatory examination in neo-natal time.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1979

[Activity of cefamandole against enterobacteria resistant to cephalosporins (author's transl)].

Cefamandole is a new cephalosporin active against non beta-lactamase producing enterobacteria, at lower concentrations (mean of MIC: 0.79 mcg/ml) than those of cefalothin taken as a reference amongst current cephalosporins (mean of MIC: 6.84 mcg/ml). This improved activity was also seen against enterobacteria producing extra-chromosomal penicillinase (mean of MIC: 3.59 mcg/ml for cefamandole and 12.76 mcg/ml for cefalothin). These findings would suggest that cefamandole is better able to reach the site of action of beta-lactamines within the bacteria. In contrast to current cephalosporins, cefamandole is active against enterobacteria producing chromosomal cephalosporinase, by virtue of its stability against the hydrolytic activity of this type of enzyme. It thus is the leader of a new generation of cephalosporins.

Cefamandole↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Peliosis hepatis in dermatomyositis treated with azathioprine and corticoids].

We report a case of peliosis hepatis in a 47-year old male patient with dermatomyositis treated with azathioprine and corticosteroids. Three months after the combined treatment was initiated, the patient developed right thoracic herpes zoster, agranulocytosis and liver enlargement with signs of portal hypertension. Needle biopsy of the liver revealed peliosis. Azathioprine was withdrawn. The clinical and laboratory abnormalities disappeared progressively. The main causes of peliosis hepatis are considered. Up to now, azathioprine had been held responsible for peliosis hepatis only in renal transplant recipients.

Azathioprine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Therapeutic trials in HIV infection: which benefits for which patients?

PURPOSE: The purpose of our study was to make an assessment of the HIV patients' overall opinion of therapeutic trials, to analyze the motivations and the reasons linked to this perception, and to determine if their involvement in a therapeutic trial is a help or a hindrance to their treatment. METHOD: All the inpatients and outpatients attending the Dijon University Hospital AIDS day care unit during the first 4 months of 1999 were given an anonymous questionnaire designed to record the patients' attitudes toward therapeutic trials, their motivations, and the perceived risks. The questionnaire was often completed in consultation with a psychoanalyst. RESULTS: Two hundred and seven (207) patients were surveyed; 194 of them had a favorable opinion of therapeutic trials. The main motivations to take part in a therapeutic trial were altruistic. In contrast, individualistic considerations and relational motivations (such as to modify the relationship between the caregiver and the patient) were more closely associated with a negative perception. CONCLUSION: Most of the patients will benefit or at least will not be harmed by being involved in a trial. However, the patients' attitudes toward the principle of therapeutic trials have to be determined before these patients are included in a given therapeutic trial. This is necessary to avoid the risk of subsequent medical care being altered because participation was either induced or compelled.

Adult↗