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Biomedical subjects

H Portier

Publications and source records attributed to H Portier.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Treatment of bacterial infections by ofloxacin. 42 cases].

Fourty-two patients with 44 infective sites were treated with ofloxacin alone (22) or associated with an other antibiotic (20). Thirty-five patients (83%) and 37 infective localisations (84%) were cured. The treatment efficacy was similar for ofloxacin alone or associated, and for treatments given with first or second intent. All non-documented infections were cured. Two of the 4 failures were pneumococcal. So, the non-documented infections, the genital and urinary tract infections, the pulmonary infections (second intent) and osteitis seem to be the best indications of ofloxacin therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Pericardial manifestations of Lyme disease].

Among cardiac manifestations of Lyme disease, pericardic involvement, as the main symptom, seems to be exceptional. We report two cases of pericarditis with typical clinical features. In both cases, pericarditis was the only clinical sign of the disease. Diagnosis was based on significant high serological antibodies levels with no evidence of any other etiological factor. Penicillin was administered and lead in one case to negativation of the serology. As cardiac involvement can occur without any preexisting cutaneous lesion, the frequency of pericardic involvement in Lyme disease is certainly underestimated.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[Tricuspid endocarditis with right-left auricular shunt through a patent foramen ovale].

The authors report the case of a tricuspid endocarditis secondary to Streptococcus bovis with important regurgitation and severe hypoxemia secondary to a right-left atrial shunt through a patent foramen ovale, requiring a surgical treatment which included the replacement of the tricuspid valve and closure of the dehiscence in the inter-atrial septum. The presence of a patent foramen ovale in the course of a tricuspid endocarditis has been exceptionally reported. This diagnosis deserves to be evoked in case of an unexplained hypoxic condition or a systemic embolism complicating a tricuspid endocarditis. The report emphasizes the advantage of ultrasonic examinations (contrast sonocardiography, pulsated Doppler) in order to demonstrate this right-left atrial shunt in addition to the data collected about the tricuspid valve.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Treatment of moderate or severe infections using imipenem/cilastatin. 41 cases based on a multicenter protocol].

Imipenem and cilastatin in combination have a broad spectrum in vitro with a strong killing activity on most bacteria. Using a multicenter study design, we investigated 41 patients with moderate or severe infections: septicemia in 18 cases (Gram negative rods in 10, Gram positive cocci in 7 and combination of both in 1), pneumonia in 7, osteitis in 4, soft tissue infection in 7, infection of the genitourinary tract in 6 and miscellaneous infections in the remaining cases (1 abscess of the pancreas, 1 typhoid fever, 1 presumptive endocarditis). All of the bacteria were susceptible to imipenem/cilastatin: MICs ranged from 0.02 to 0.8 mg/l and MBCs from 0.015 to more than 10 mg/l. All patients except one recovered or improved under imipenem/cilastatin. The patient who failed to respond had septicemia due to a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with a MBC and MIC above 10 and 0.5 mg/l respectively. Tolerance was outstanding: only 4 patients had adverse effects requiring withdrawal of the drug.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Vesiculo-bullous lupus erythematosus. Immuno-electronic study].

The authors present a case suggesting either bullous systemic lupus erythematosus of dermatitis herpetiformis. An immunoelectron microscopic study located the immunoglobulin deposits beneath the cutaneous basement membrane zone. The nosological problem of possible relationship between systemic lupus erythematosus and epidermolysis bullosa acquisita is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Fosfomycin-cefotaxime combination in severe staphylococcal infections in newborn infants].

Clinical and bacteriological effectiveness of the fosfomycin-cefotaxime combination is reported in four cases of serious staphylococcal infections in neonates (1 meningitis, 2 osteomyelitis, 1 superinfection of congenital varicella). Owing to the strong synergistic effect of this combination on methicillin-resistant staphylococcal strains, the authors suggest that the fosfomycin-cefotaxime combination should be considered for anti-staphylococcal therapy in neonates with deep tissue and/or methicillin-resistant infections.

Cefotaxime↗
PubMed1985

Bactericidal activity of cefotaxime and fosfomycin in cerebrospinal fluid during the treatment of rabbit meningitis experimentally induced by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of cefotaxime (CTX) and fosfomycin (FOS), alone or in combination, in an experimental meningitis, with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of the two antibiotics reproducing those obtained in human CSF during bacterial meningitis. With a dose of 50 mg/kg of CTX and 100 mg/kg of FOS injected i.v. (CTX over 0.5 h and FOS over 3 h), CSF concentrations were comparable to those observed in man. In a series of five rabbits per treatment group, the bacterial population was counted before and after treatment (two doses with a six-hour interval) with CTX, FOS or CTX + FOS (CTX over 0.5 h before the end of FOS infusion). By the 12th hour of treatment, the percentage of bacteria surviving in CSF compared to the initial population was 4.35% for CTX, 0.20% for FOS and 0.19% for CTX + FOS. Thus, it seemed that CTX + FOS was not more active than FOS alone. In another series of four rabbits per group, the bactericidal effect was followed at T0, T6, T12, T24 and T48 after treatment (two doses with a six-hour with a six-hour interval). With CTX, a variable drop in bacterial count from one rabbit to the other occurred during the first 12 h, and then a bacteriostasis followed. With FOS, a quick bactericidal effect was observed during the first 12 h, becoming slower during the following 36 h (0.03% of bacteria surviving at the 48th hour). With CTX and FOS in combination, a quick bactericidal effect was achieved, remaining steady over a 48-hour period (0.001% of bacteria surviving at the 48th hour).

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Cefotaxime in combination with other antibiotics for the treatment of severe methicillin-resistant staphylococcal infections.

Methicillin-resistant staphylococci (M-R staphylococci) represent 30% of the staphylococcal strains isolated in our hospital and pose important therapeutic problems. In a preliminary in vitro checkerboard study the bactericidal effect of various cephalosporins (cephalothin, cefamandole, cefotaxime and cefoperazone) in combination with other antibiotics (netilmicin, amikacin, vancomycin and fosfomycin) was studied on ten M-R staphylococcal strains. The combinations of cefoperazone with amikacin, cephalothin with vancomycin and of the four cephalosporins with fosfomycin were synergistic on the ten strains (FBC indexes less than or equal to 0.75). According to the CSF and bone levels achieved by these antibiotics and their bactericidal concentrations in combination, the combination of cefotaxime and fosfomycin was the most interesting, a concentration of less than or equal to 2 mg/l cefotaxime being bactericidal on five homogeneous M-R Staphylococcus aureus when combined with 4 mg/l of fosfomycin. This combination of cefotaxime (25 mg/kg, i.v. infusion over 30 min) and fosfomycin (50 mg/kg, i.v. infusion over three hours) three to four times daily was used to treat 16 patients: three patients with meningitis, six with bone and joint infections and seven with persistent bacteremia. The FBC indexes were less than or equal to 0.625 for the 12 strains studied. All the patients were cured without relapses. The concentrations of cefotaxime, desacetyl cefotaxime and fosfomycin in the CSF during meningitis three hours after the end of the infusion on the second day of treatment were 8.76, 6.82 and 58.0 mg/l, respectively, for patient one and 2.0, 0.53 and 31.0 mg/l, respectively, for patient two.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Outbreak of respiratory syncytial virus in France.

A report is given of an outbreak of respiratory syncytial virus infection in a neonatal unit in France. Twenty-three of 32 infants were infected (72%) despite infection control procedures. Prophylactic administration of non-specific gamma globulins was associated with a significant decrease in infection rate (p less than 0.05). The administration of transfer factor to infected infants was also associated with a significantly lower rate of severe respiratory diseases (p less than 0.05).

Disease Outbreaks↗
PubMed1984

Successful plasma exchange in type 1 leprosy reversal reaction.

A 24 year old man admitted to hospital with borderline lepromatous leprosy was treated with rifampicin, dapsone, and clofazimine. After four months he developed a reversal reaction and the diagnosis was modified to borderline tuberculoid leprosy. The dose of clofazimine was raised and prednisolone added to the regimen without any symptomatic response. His condition improved dramatically after five plasma exchanges on five successive days.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Treatment of severe staphylococcal infections with cefotaxime and fosfomycin in combination.

In a prospective study, 23 severe staphylococcal infections (9 meningitis, 10 bone and joint infections, 3 septicaemia, 1 superinfection of a congenital varicella) were treated with cefotaxime and fosfomycin in combination. There was a synergistic effect of the combination for 14 of the 17 strains tested. Three hours after the end of the infusion, mean CSF concentrations of cefotaxime and fosfomycin were respectively at day 2 3.2 mg/l and 31.4 mg/l, at day 4 2.9 mg/l and 33.9 mg/l. All the patients with meningitis or acute bone and joint infections recovered satisfactorily without relapses. Two superinfections were observed (one systemic candidosis and one septicaemia due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Clinical tolerance was good and treatment was discontinued for side effects in only three patients.

Adolescent↗