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Biomedical subjects

H Otto

Publications and source records attributed to H Otto.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Insulin secretory dynamics after two consecutive intravenous stimulations with glucose and/or tolbutamide.

Intravenous glucose and/or tolbutamide administered in two consecutive pulses 30 and 60 min apart to the same subjects using identical doses showed that insulin secretory responses was altered during a subsequent stimulation and that this was modulated by the time factor. Insulin response was more sustained after the second glucose pulses and the insulin peak response was delayed and diminished if the second glucose dose was given 30 min after the first, but not if given 60 min later. It is suggested that the beta-cell membrane might remain partially depolarized above a certain glucose level or that a postulated signal relay mechanism might become saturated. Responses to two tolbutamide pulses did not show these characteristics; however, the second insulin response was smaller than the first. When the first pulse was glucose and the second tolbutamide, or vice versa, the second responses were altogether different from those elicited by the double doses of either tolbutamide or glucose. To explain these characteristic patterns of insulin secretory dynamics, the existence of occult glucose receptors on the beta-cell that are opened up by tolbutamide was postulated. These studies do not support the two-pool theory, or at least restrict it to glucose-stimulated insulin response. The positive correlations between the first and the second insulin responses in all tests argue strongly against the existence of an insulin feedback mechanism in man.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Morphology and therapeutic chances of interstitial lung disease.

101 cases of idiopathic interstitial lung disease diagnosed by lung biopsy, were reviewed according to clinical and X-ray appearance and especially to their response to steroid therapy. Four morphological inflammatory reactions are distinguished: (1) alveolitis; (2) onion-like mesenchymal proliferation; (3) sarcoid-like lesions, and (4) lymphofollicular reactions. Especially type 1 and/or type 2 show immediate response to steroid therapy. Only a few cases showed spontaneous improvement. Once a fibrosis exists, a 'restitutio ad integrum' cannot be expected any where. From this group of idiopathic interstitial lung diseases the conclusion seems to be justified that also other types of interstitial lung reactions should be treated with steroids to avoid it turning into lung fibrosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Changes in erythrocyte shape and volume caused by silymarin].

In vitro treatment of fresh human red cells with silymarin as well as its individual components silybin and silydianin (10(-4) and 10(-3) g/ml of water-soluble sodium or hemisuccinate sodium salt) resulted in disc-crenated sphere transformation of the erythrocyte shape, silydianin being least effective. 10(-4) g/ml of each compound tested, causing only slight changes of the shape of the erythrocytes, significantly increased their maximum diameter, whereas 10(-3) g/ml silymarin or silybin, resulting in a marked sphering of the cells, significantly decreased their maximum diameter. Mean cell volume in isotonic medium determined by Coulter counter method was significantly increased by 10(-3) g/ml silymarin, silybin, silydianin and, above all, chlorpromazin. 2 x 10(-5) g/ml chlorpromazine significantly increased the critical haemolytic volume in hypotonic medium, determined by microhaematocrit method, whereas an insignificant increase of the critical haemolytic volume was induced by 2.7 x 10(-4) g/ml silymarin.

Chlorpromazine↗
PubMed1978

[Wolman's disease].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Cholesterol Esters↗
PubMed1977

[Radiological findings in severe renal trauma during childhood (author's transl)].

The radiological findings in 21 children aged between four and 14 years, suffering from severe renal trauma, are described. Various radiological signs are described and their value and frequency are discussed. Plain films provide only non-specific evidence. Contrast extravasation during an excretions urogram is the only reliable sign of rupture. Immediate angiography in order to exclude vascular damage is indicated if there is no contrast excretion by the damaged kidney. Angiography at a later date should be carried out if there is persistent haematuria, in cases of doubt regarding the excretion urogram, or when it is impossible to decide on the basis of the excretion urogram whether operative or conservative treatment is indicated. Regular observation is necessary, both after operative and conservative treatment, in order to recognise complications at an early stage.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1977

Deranged insulin-secretory dynamics in offspring of two diabetic parents after double stimulation with intravenous glucose.

Nine offspring of two diabetic parents and 18 normals were studied with two intravenous glucose loads (o.5 gm./kg. body weight), 60 minutes apart. By thus stressing the beta cell, subtle defects could be identified in the prediabetics: (1) An inverse relationship between insulin peak response and insulin concentration 60 minutes postglucose was seen, a phenomenon exactly the opposite to that seen in normals. (2) Insulin peak response was delayed slightly after the first pulse and significantly after the second. (3) A less effective handling of the glucose load when compared with normals was brought out by the second stimulation. (4) There was a significant reduction in the insulin response per unit change in glucose after the first glucose pulse that was accentuated after the second pulse. This double-stimulation technique amplifies previously detected slight but significant defects in insulin secretion that might help to identify a diabetes-prone population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Morphology of interstitial pneumonia (author's transl)].

The roentgenographic appearance of acute interstitialproliferative disease of the lung is described. This is based upon different single or combinated microscopic features: 1) Alveolitis -- 2) interstitial mesenchymal proliferation -- 3) tuberculous granulomas -- 4) lymphatic infiltrations. -- In the acute stage of the disease (in most cases with unknown etiology) steroid therapy shown rapid success. Early lung biopsy should be performed to establish the diagnosis and to avoid pulmonary fibrosis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1977

[Gonadal dosis in intravenous urography and voiding cystourethrography of children (athor's transl)].

Measurements of gonadal doses of 92 children during intravenous urography and voiding cystourethrography are reported. The high deviation of doses in the testes is discussed. The application of a lead protector for the testes is demanded to decrease exposure by a factor 15 in the central beam and a factor 1.3-2 in scattered radiation. By choice of spot film radiography instead of large radiography the ovarian dose is reduced to a factor 7-40. The gonadal dose is clearly lower if 70 mm technique instead of large film technique is used. A correlation between area ionisation product and gonadal dose could not be found; therefore the genetic radiation dose cannot be calculated by data recorded as required by law.

Child↗
PubMed1976

[Lumbar myelography using dimer-x in the diagnosis of lumbar disc lesions (author's transl)].

The pre-operative myelograms performed using Dimer-X (dimeglumine-iocarmate) of 219 patients were re-evaluated post-operatively without knowledge of the operative findings. In 77% the myelographic interpretation was in agreement with the surgical diagnosis. The interpretation was difficult and unreliable when only one or few radiographic signs were present. In order to achieve optimal benefit from the investigation the history and clinical findings should also be considered as equally important. Myelography is only justified in clinically unclear cases. In view of this and possible complications a stringent indication in necessary.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[Syringomyelia and normal pressure hydrocephalus (author's transl)].

A case of syringomyelia with coexisting hydrocephalus is reported and a pathogenic relationship between both conditions is discussed. Gardner proposed that anomalies at the exit of the fourth ventricle produce a communicating syringomyelia. Hakim and Adams maintain that normal pressure hydrocephalus can aggravate this condition by a hydraulic pressure effect which can be stopped by the insertion of a ventriculoatrial shunt with improvement in the clinical picture. This has been our experience in the case reported.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Radiological findings following post-traumatic bleeding into porencephalic cysts (author's transl)].

Six operatively treated patients are described who had sustained post-traumatic bleeds into a porencephalic cyst. The plain films of the skull showed asymmetries of the sphenoidal wings, bulging of the middle temporal fossae, circumscribed protrusions in the temporal region and unilateral enlargement of the paranasal sinuses. These changes are pathognomonic of a cystic malformation. Angiography shows an almost vertical origin of the middle group of vessels and a paucity of vessels in the area of the cyst. An accurate radiological diagnosis can be made pre-operatively, subdural haematomas and hygromas, arachnoid cysts and tumours entering into the differential diagnosis. Clinical evidence of raised intracranial pressure is an indication for performing burr holes; a porencephalic malformation does not in itself require surgical treatment.

Adult↗