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Biomedical subjects

H Otto

Publications and source records attributed to H Otto.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Radiation-induced scars in mammography].

Six patients with radiation scars are described. In each case the diagnosis was confirmed histologically in five cases corresponding mammograms were available. The histological appearances of radiation scars are described and the radiological features are presented. These lesions can be diagnosed mammographically in vivo. Macroscopically differentiation from a scirrhous carcinoma is not possible and therefore a radiation scar must always be excised; this also leads to definitive cure. On mammographic screening the incidence is 0.5 to 0.9 per thousand. The significance of radiation scars depends on the fact that they are pre-cancerous and therefore are equivalent to the early diagnosis of a carcinoma with the possibility of a complete cure.

Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous↗
PubMed1985

[Correlation of roentgen picture and lung function testing within the scope of silicosis evaluation].

The chest roentgenograms codified according to the 1980 ILO classification and the lung function tests of 100 persons with silicosis have been compared with each other. The results show that, with a higher degree of dissemination and a growing size of nodes, there is a statistically significant tendency to increasing gravity of pathological results of resistance and the arterial blood gas analysis. A correlation between the degree of dissemination and the size of nodes to other lung function parameters (vital capacity, intrathoracic gas volume) cannot be finally established. Furthermore, neither coding as category B nor the employment of the symbols em (emphysema) and tb (tuberculosis) allow conclusions to be drawn about the results of lung function tests. The poor correlation is caused on one hand by the insufficient description of the morphological parameters important for function, due to the restricted classification. On the other hand there is little correlation between chest roentgenogram and lung function, as lung function in anthracosis is essentially influenced by obstructive bronchitis, which has only a loose connection with silicosis.--Lung function must be the central point in the process of forming an opinion. Chest roentgenograms are important for clarifying the causes of pathological changes and allow a simple observation of progress.

Airway Resistance↗
PubMed1985

[Morphology and roentgenology of asbestosis].

The different sequelae of lung and pleura resulting from the inhalation of asbestos dust are discussed in detail, taking into consideration the improvements in dust-control measures. The use of Lung Dust Separation and Investigation and Radiological Classification of Pneumoconioses (ILO 1980) with regard to diagnostics is critically reviewed. Certain problems of compensation for asbestos-induced neoplasms are pointed out with special reference to the regulations of the Federal Republic of Germany.

Asbestosis↗
PubMed1985

[Aortic ring abscess following bacterial endocarditis of the aortic valve and aortic valve replacement].

Valve replacement was performed in a 30-year-old male patient with acute aortic insufficiency due to bacterial endocarditis. During a routine examination three months later, an aortic ring abscess was found by echocardiography. In the following night, the patient was readmitted with acute anterior myocardial infarction. Coronary angiography showed a compression of the left coronary artery by the large ring abscess of the aortic valve. 48 hours after surgical revision of the aortic valve prosthesis and the ring abscess, the patient died due to pump failure.

Abscess↗
PubMed1983

Inhaled verapamil in histamine-induced bronchoconstriction.

Fifteen asthmatic subjects participated in a double-blind trial comparing the protective effects of inhaled verapamil, salbutamol, and saline against inhaled histamine. Inhaling verapamil between four repeated histamine inhalation tests produced no significant protection against histamine-induced bronchoconstriction, while there was significant protection with salbutamol (p less than 0.001). Inhaling verapamil before a single inhalation test produced limited but significant protection (p less than 0.05) compared with a saline control in eight asthmatic subjects. This small protective effect in the two-treatment study of eight asthmatics suggests that either the protective effect of verapamil is variable among subjects or a preceding histamine inhalation test blocks the verapamil effect.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[A method for the investigation of cholegraphic contrast media. Experiments using isolated perfused rat livers (author's transl)].

Isolated perfused rat livers were used for investigating possible interactions between two simultaneously injected contrast media, and which technique, using parenteral application of cholegraphic media, is optimal. The results show that excretion of a parenteral contrast medium is reduced by giving an oral contrast medium at the same time. Simultaneous administration of two different contrast media therefore does not result in improved diagnostic information. The effect depends on the dose, and a sufficiently long interval should be observed between giving an oral and a parenteral contrast medium. A comparison of excretion values following injection of a bolus and prolonged infusion shows higher biliary contrast concentration and increased excretion after a single injection. Comparing only the period after the infusion, no difference was found between these two methods of administration. The single injection offers pharmacokinetic advantages, but an infusion is better tolerated and has fewer side effects. A rapid infusion of 10 to 15 minutes is therefore recommended as the optimal means of administration.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Fibers in human lung dust samples: a scanning electron microscope study.

Since 1977, mesothelioma has been admitted as an occupational disease in the Federal Republic of Germany, if a previous exposure to asbestos at the working place can be proven. In practical work of pathologists the question arises as to how to proceed in the assessment of necropsy cases of mesothelioma, if the patient's occupational history is unknown. In this study, 100 necropsy cases of different exposure were examined by scanning electron microscopy. Concentration and length of fibers were used as criteria to distinguish between spontaneous and occupationally caused cases of mesothelioma. Calculation of the counting results showed that a distinction between the two groups is reliable when fibers greater than 5 micron in length are counted.

Asbestos↗
PubMed1981

[Radiology in silico-tuberculosis (author's transl)].

In spite of a decreasing number of new cases of silico-tuberculosis even today there still remains a serious complication of silicosis. The job of radiology is to recognise the disease, evaluate the course of the disease during therapy and classify the disease for compensation purposes. Due to the pathogenetic and pathomorpohologic similarities of silicosis and tuberculosis, it is often difficult and sometimes even impossible to recognise the presence of tuberculosis in cases of silicoses or to identify and isolate the TB component in silicotuberculosis. Careful consideration of all radiological and clinical parameters improves the accuracy of diagnosis. Since the radiographic examination provides the only method of evaluating the morphologic state of the disease, radiology will keep its central position in the diagnosis of silicotuberculosis.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1981

[Radiological Examination in renal trauma (author's transl)].

Radiological examinations occupy a very important position in the clarification of the diagnosis of traumatic changes observed in the kidneys, the emphasis being on considerations of differential therapy. The most important of all the examinations is the excretion urogram; the first, although unspecific, pointers are supplied by roentgenography without contrast medium. The only safe sign confirming that rupture has occurred, is the extravasation of contrast medium. Immediately angiography is mandatory in case there is no excretion of contrast medium; delayed angiography should be performed whenever the situation cannot be properly clarified by means of excretion urography, sonography and computerized tomography. Regular follow-up examinations are imperative following surgical and conservative therapy; this is the only way to detect complications well in time, such complications being relatively frequent.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Significance of the liver cell in elimination of cholegraphic agents (author's transl)].

The isolated rat liver is used a model to demonstrate the role of the liver cell in the hepatocellcular elimination of cholegraphic contrast agents. The liver morphology determines the passage of the contrast agent from the liver sinus, into the hepatocyte and out into the bile duct, whereby the entry into the liver cell and its excretion into the bile play the most important role. Our results show that the binding of the cholegraphic agents to the plasma protein causes a delay in the cellular uptake; however, this binding it is important to prevent premature renal excretion. An active carrier-mediated transport mechanism is presumed. Y and Z proteins enhance the cellular uptake, the intracellular transport and the biotransformation of the compounds; the exact mechanism being yet unknown. An active transport mechanism also exists at the site of cellular excretion, the capacity of which limits the amounts and the concentration of the excreted agent in the bile, and which can be inhibited competitively. Knowledge of these pharmacokinetics is important for cholegraphy and its interpretation.

Animals↗