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Biomedical subjects

H Otsuka

Publications and source records attributed to H Otsuka.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

A comparative study of the estrogen receptor ratio in myometrium and uterine leiomyomas.

Estrogen receptor (ER) content in myoma and myometrium was determined by radio-receptor assay (RRA), and ER staining was performed by immunocytochemical staining, i.e. the peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) method, in uterine samples from eight patients with uterine leiomyoma. ER content in myoma tended to be hither than that in myometrium, but the difference was not significant. The distribution pattern of ER staining was thought to be an important criterion. When the data were compared on the basis of the number of cells in the site where the largest number of positive cells aggregated, the number for myoma was significantly higher than that for myometrium (P less than 0.05). These results suggest that myoma contains more ER positive cells to obtain estrogen effects than myometrium.

Female↗
PubMed1989

Comparative dose-response study on the pulmonary carcinogenicity of 1,6-dinitropyrene and benzo[a]pyrene in F344 rats.

The dose dependencies of the lung carcinogenicity of 1,6-dinitropyrene (1,6-DNP) and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) were examined by direct injections of these compounds into rat lungs. A total of 276 male F344 rats were divided into 10 groups and given various doses of 1,6-DNP or BaP, or no drug (control group). Both chemicals were injected into the lung, as suspensions in beeswax--tricaprylin and the animals were then observed for 104 weeks. The incidences of lung cancer were 0/39 (0%), 4/30 (13%), 13/31 (42%), 22/26 (85%) and 6/9 (67%) in groups treated with 0.003, 0.01, 0.03, 0.1 and 0.15 mg of 1,6-DNP respectively, and 1/29 (3%), 7/30 (23%), 22/29 (76%) and 9/13 (69%) in those treated with 0.03, 0.1, 0.3 and 1.0 mg of BaP respectively. No lung cancer was found in control rats. Thus the incidences of lung cancer induced by 1,6-DNP and BaP showed significant dose dependence. At equal doses, the incidence of lung cancer was much higher with 1,6-DNP than with BaP, and the induction of cancer by 1,6-DNP was higher even at one-third the dose of BaP. Histologically, most tumors induced by 1,6-DNP were undifferentiated neoplasms, whereas most of those induced by BaP were well-differentiated squamous cell carcinomas.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Changes in the concentrations of vitamin D and its metabolites in the plasma of healthy subjects orally given physiological doses of vitamin D2 by multivitamin or vitamin D preparations.

Changes in the concentrations of vitamin D and its metabolites in plasma of healthy subjects orally given physiological doses of vitamin D2 by multivitamin or vitamin D liquid preparations were determined and the bioavailability of vitamin D was studied. Separative assay on the D2 and D3 compounds of vitamin D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH-D), 24R,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [24,25(OH)2D], and 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)2D] was performed in plasma of eight healthy male volunteers. When the concentrations of vitamin D and its metabolites in plasma of volunteers were assayed after daily oral administration of 400 IU of vitamin D2 in a form of multivitamin tablet for 1 week, the variations of vitamin D3 and its metabolites in plasma levels were very small. In contrast, the concentrations of 25-OH-D2 and 1,25(OH)2D2 slightly increased after the administration, while neither vitamin D2 nor 24,25(OH)2D2 was detected. A single dose of 4,000 IU of vitamin D2 was orally given to the volunteers in a form of a vitamin D liquid preparation and the hourly variations were observed during 24 h. These concentrations of vitamin D2, 25-OH-D2, and 1,25(OH)2D2 were slightly higher than those of the repeated doses. The result suggests that even the high dose of 4,000 IU has little effect on the plasma levels of vitamin D2 and its metabolites by a single dose, indicating a low risk for hypervitaminosis D.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

[Establishment of primary culture of cells derived from human uterine endometrium].

A culture of cells derived from the endometrium was established to study in vitro the effects of hormone on the endometrium. Endometrial tissue was cut into small pieces and suspended in trypsin and collagenase-containing medium. The primary cell culture was obtained by six passages. The following observations appeared to indicate that the cultured cells consisted of endometrial epithelium-derived adenocytes, endometrial stromal cells and fibroblasts: 1. The epithelium-derived adenocytes and the endometrial stromal cells were positive and the fibroblasts were negative for staining with keratin by the enzyme-labelled antibody method. 2. Transmission electron microscopic observation revealed microvilli on the surface of the adenocytes, abundant free ribosomes in the cytoplasm, and nucleoli in distinct nuclei whose margin was deeply stained. Junction complexes among the cells were also observed. There were no microvilli on the surface of the endometrial stromal cell. Filaments, mitochondria and secreting granules were distinctly seen in the cytoplasm. The adenocytes on the margin of the nucleus itself were more deeply stained, and the margin was notched. The fibroblasts were spindle-shaped, and there no basement membrane structure laterally along the surface of the fibroblast. There were no intercellular junction complexes but there were filaments in the intercellular borders and in the cytoplasm. Chromatin in the large oval nuclei was dispersed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Factors to determine the survival of idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy--selecting candidates for cardiac transplantation].

A long-term follow-up study was carried out in 110 cases of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). The 3-year survival rate after diagnosis was 78%, and the 5-year rate was 62%. During this follow-up period (mean 2.8 years), 13 (45%) patients died of CHF, 15 (52%) were lost suddenly without CHF, and one patient died of non-cardiac cause. No patient with CHF survived more than 6 months. To investigate the factors influencing the survival in DCM, the NYHA classification, CTR in chest X-ray, various parameters of chamber structure and cardiac function documented by echocardiogram, ambulatory ECG, hemodynamic data and endomyocardial biopsy findings were examined by Kaplan-Meier's survival curve and tested by generalized Wilcoxon analysis. The important factors were: 1) LVEDVI, 2) diameter of cardiac muscle cell, and 3) occurrence of sustained VT. The 3-year survival rates with respect to these 3 factors were: 66% in patients with more than 150 ml/m2 in LVEDVI (p less than 0.01), 42% in patients with a cardiac muscle cell diameter of more than 25 microns (p less than 0.05) and 32% in those with occurrence of sustained VT (p less than 0.01). Thus, the patients that showed these factors at the initial examination were considered to be candidates for cardiac transplantation, because they were expected to have much better survival.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Asthma patients requiring unusually high doses of theophylline].

We often see severe asthma attacks occur in patients taking high doses of theophylline and disappear soon after intravenous injection of aminophylline. Theophylline concentration in the serum was investigated in those cases. Twenty five asthmatic patients, 14 males and 11 females, 16-17 years of age, visited our out-patient clinic 41 times in total over a period of 9 months suffering from dyspneic attacks of such severity that they had difficulty in speaking and walking although they had taken at least 200 mg theophylline within 6 hours and 400 mg within 12 hours. All cases were treated with iv infusion of 2.8-14 ml of 2.5% aminophylline for 5-15 minutes until the dyspneic symptoms disappeared. Theophylline levels in the serum (micrograms/ml) before the treatment were 2.0 in 1 case, 6.0-9.8 in 8, 10-20 in 23, and over 20 in 9 cases. Levels after the treatment were 5.8 in 1 case, 10-20 in 15, and over 20 in 25 cases. In one patient, a 27-year-old female, 300-400 mg of theophylline, aminophylline, or choline theophyllinate tablets could increase theophylline concentration in the serum only 4.8 micrograms/ml or less, while her theophylline clearance was normal. The present study revealed that there are asthmatic patients requiring unusually high doses of theophylline, partly because some of them have problems in absorption of theophylline, and partly because many of them need higher levels of blood theophylline than those usually thought of as standard therapeutic concentrations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[A clinical experience of ofloxacin in patients with respiratory infection].

To a total of 31 patients (18 in- and 13 out-patients) having respiratory infections, we administered ofloxacin (OFLX) orally at a daily dose of 300 to 600 mg and examined its clinical effect. The clinical effect in the 31 cases was as good as 83.9%. Among these cases, 6 cases showed Pseudomonas aeruginosa, thereby indicating the effective rate of OFLX at 50%. In the present examination, we experienced cases in which OFLX-resistant P. aeruginosa appeared in the cases of long-term administration of OFLX. Therefore, our clinic carried out the sensitivity test of P. aeruginosa against OFLX, gentamicin (GM) and imipenem (IPM) in 1987, using clinically-segregated strains of P. aeruginosa obtained by sputum tests. The sensitive strains, which were 100% sensitive to OFLX, GM, IPM respectively in 1985, showed, in segregated strains in 1987, sensitivity of OFLX 57.1%, GM 85.7% and IPM 100%, thus indicating the high resistance-acquiring frequency of P. aeruginosa against OFLX.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Macroregenerative nodule of the liver. A clinicopathologic study of 345 autopsy cases of chronic liver disease.

The livers of 345 autopsy cases of chronic liver disease were examined for macroregenerative nodule (MRN), a large nodular lesion more than 10 mm in diameter. A total of 86 lesions of MRN was found in 49 cases (14.2%): 32 were from 191 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), 16 were from 148 cases of cirrhosis only, and one was from six cases of chronic hepatitis. The incidence (19.6%) and the size (12.1 mm) of MRN in macronodular type of cirrhosis were significantly higher and larger than those in other types of cirrhosis. Also, the average size of MRN lesions of cases with HCC (12 mm) was significantly larger than that of cases with cirrhosis only (10.5 mm). The incidence of liver cell dysplasia (LCD) in cases of MRN (67.3%) was significantly higher than that in cases without MRN (40.9%). The MRN lesions were divided into Type I and Type II, the latter having proliferative foci distinguishable from the surrounding tissue. Three of them contained atypical cells regarded as cancer. Type II lesions were larger in size, and cases with multiple MRN lesions were seen more frequently in cases of HCC. The average age of the patients with Type II lesion was 5 years older than those with Type I lesions. These findings suggest that MRN should not be ignored in the morphogenesis of HCC.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Lack of carcinogenicity of phenytoin in (C57BL/6 x C3H)F1 mice.

Groups of 50 B6C3F1 mice of each sex were given 0.012% or 0.006% phenytoin in their powdered diet for 78 wk and were then fed a basal diet for 8 wk. Control groups of 50 mice of each sex were fed powdered basal diet for 86 wk. Mean total intakes of phenytoin per mouse were 301 and 150 mg in males, and 292 and 154 mg in females, respectively. The survival rates of each group at week 86 were 72-86% in males, and 86-94% in females. Liver-cell tumors, alveolar tumors, and Harderian-gland adenomas in male mice, malignant lymphomas and/or leukemias in female mice, and a few tumors in other organs of both sexes were found. The total number of hepatocellular tumors in mice treated with the high dose of phenytoin was significantly smaller than that of control mice in males (p less than 0.05). However, hepatocellular carcinomas developed 15 to 3 wk earlier in a few mice of phenytoin-treated males than in the controls. In other organs, no significant increase of any particular tumor type was observed in the treated groups of both sexes. Thus, phenytoin was not carcinogenic in B6C3F1 mice in this study.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1988

Comparative study of hepatocellular carcinoma in Shikoku, Japan: a study of 198 autopsy cases in Tokushima and Ehime Prefectures.

A total of 198 cases with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) autopsied in two different areas in Shikoku, Tokushima and Ehime, was examined clinicopathologically. The incidence of HBsAg-positives in overall HCC cases was 49.0%, being higher in Tokushima (52.4%) than in Ehime (43.1%). The difference seemed to be caused by the high incidence in female cases in Tokushima (46.7% in Tokushima vs. 23.1% in Ehime). The mean age of HCC cases with HBsAg (53.9 years) is younger than that of cases without HBsAg (58.8 years). The incidence of HBsAg-positive HCC cases in Shikoku decreased step by step toward older age groups from 63.4% in 41-50, 59.5% in 51-60, 34.6% in 61-70, to 15.8% in over-71 age groups, and has been decreasing gradually with the passage of time from 57.1% in 1960-1971, 50.0% in 1972-1976, to 40.8% in 1977-1981. The incidences of HBsAg-negatives in all autopsy cases increased from 2.0% in 1960-1971 to 3.3% in 1977-1981 (P less than 0.05) although the incidences of HBsAg-positives showed almost the same level. Both in Tokushima and Ehime, the incidences of HCC associated with cirrhosis and HCC with HBsAg were smaller in grade IV cases, and the incidence of HBsAg-positive HCC was high in cases with macronodular type of cirrhosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Histopathological and immunohistochemical studies on nickel sulfide-induced tumors in F344 rats.

Twenty-five tumors induced in F344 male rats were examined histologically and immunohistochemically using antibodies against myoglobin, myosin, desmin and cathepsin B. Eight were from rats which had been given intramuscular (im) injection and 17 were from rats which had been given subcutaneous (sc) injection of 5 mg of Ni3S2. Among 10 rhabdomyosarcomas, myoglobin was detectable in 3, myosin in 8, and desmin in all, but cathepsin B was present in none. Out of 8 malignant fibrous histiocytomas, cathepsin B was detectable in all, but the other antigens were absent. In a leiomyosarcoma, only desmin was detected. In two fibrosarcomas, none of the markers were detected. In four undetermined tumors, one reacted only with anti-desmin antibody, two with only anti-cathepsin B antibody, and one with none of the antibodies. Of the three myogenic markers utilized in this study, anti-desmin antibody appeared to be the most sensitive. Cathepsin B was found mainly in the histiocytic cells of malignant fibrous histiocytoma. Thus, desmin appears to be particularly valuable in distinguishing immature myogenic tumors from other primitive tumors, while cathepsin B is useful in distinguishing malignant fibrous histiocytoma from other pleomorphic mesenchymal tumors.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Selective alterations of insulin actions by glucagon in isolated rat epididymal adipocytes.

Previously we demonstrated that glucagon inhibits high affinity insulin binding without influence on low affinity binding in rat adipocytes in vitro. In this study we investigated the effects of glucagon on insulin actions in adipocytes in vitro. Glucagon modified neither glucose oxidation nor lipogenesis stimulated by insulin. The antilipolytic action of insulin was decreased by preincubation of the cells with glucagon. Glucose transport enhanced by insulin was diminished by preincubation of the cells with glucagon. The decrease in antilipolysis was a lowering of the maximal response to insulin, whereas the decrease in glucose transport was a lowering of the sensitivity to insulin. These results suggested that glucagon does not necessarily inhibit all of the insulin actions, and that the mechanism of insulin stimulation of glucose transport, which is supposed to be mediated by glucagon-sensitive insulin receptor, is different from those of insulin-induced antilipolysis, glucose oxidation, and lipogenesis.

3-O-Methylglucose↗