A 64-year-old woman had received radiotherapy, following surgery of a chromophobe pituitary adenoma. Six years after irradiation she began to complain of headache and dementia. Right vertebrogram demonstrated a right temporal mass lesion, stenosis and dilatation of middle cerebral artery and posterior, communicating artery in the field of irradiation. CT scan showed the irregular low density area at the right temporal region, and the irregular enhancement after an intravenous injection of contrast medium was seen at the small part of affected area. From these findings, radiation necrosis at the right temporal lobe was diagnosed. As vascular changes of the main cerebral arteries due to radiation are rare, we discussed on them from ever reported literature.

Adenoma↗

PubMed1982

[Recent advances in antihormones (author's transl)].

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Animals↗

PubMed1982

[A scoring method for diagnosis of refractory anemia with excess of blasts (RAEB)].

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Adult↗

PubMed1982

Defective estrogen receptor in uteri of rats treated neonatally with a high dose of estrogen.

The female Sprague-Dawley rats were daily injected with 100 micrograms of estradiol-17beta from the day of birth to 10 days of age. All these neonatally estrogenized rats exhibited a state of persistent vaginal diestrus after attainment of puberty. When 3H-estradiol-17beta was administered, the radioactivity in the uteri of the estrogenized postpubertal rats was significantly reduced, compared to that in the untreated rats. Otherwise, there was no significant difference of the radioactivity in the liver, diaphragm, and serum between the estrogenized and untreated groups. Uterine estrogen receptor having a sedimentation constant of 8S was demonstrated in the untreated immature and mature rats by sucrose density gradient centrifugation, whereas there was no detectable estrogen binding components in the uterine cytosol from the estrogenized postpubertal rats, irrespective of the date of autopsy. No discernible changes in the sedimentation profiles could be observed in the estrogenized postpubertal rats after oophorectomy. The results suggest that high doses of estrogen administered in the estrogen administered neonatally to female rats may couse permanent deficiency of uterine estrogen receptor and result in uterine insensitiveness to estrogen in their later lives.

Animals↗

PubMed1981

[Pharmacokinetics of norethindrone and lynestrenol studied by HPLC (author's transl)].

The concentration of norethindrone in plasma samples from subjects receiving norethindrone (norethisterone) and lynestrenol orally was measured by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). Norethindrone is a synthetic gestagen widely used in contraceptive formulations, and lynestrenol is also a synthetic gestagen which is metabolized to norethindrone in humans. But the evaluation of plasma norethindrone levels in subjects receiving lynestrenol has not yet been reported. After the administration of norethindrone, the peak level of norethindrone in the plasma was obtained within 2h, and the peak concentration in the plasma was about 3.5 ng/ml/mg norethindrone. During a period of 2-6hs after the administration of norethindrone, the half life of norethindrone in the plasma was approximately 1.8h, and during the period of 6-24hs, half life was variable. On the other hand, after the administration of lynestrenol, the peak level of norethindrone in the plasma was obtained within 4h, and the peak concentration of norethindrone was about 1.9 ng/ml/mg lynestrenol. During a period of 4-12hs, the half life of norethindrone was about 2.5h. The peak of the norethindrone level after the administration of lynestrenol was lower and appeared later than that after the administration of the same dose of norethindrone. Norethindrone in plasma in subjects receiving lynestrenol could be measured for a longer period than in those receiving the same dose of norethindrone. These results suggest that lynestrenol is stored in fat tissue and is slowly metabolized to norethindrone.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed1981

Purification and characterization of 6-aminohexanoic-acid-oligomer hydrolase of Flavobacterium sp. Ki72.

6-Aminohexanoic-oligomer hydrolase of Flavobacterium sp. KI72 was purified to homogeneity by column chromatography three times, and by preparation polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis twice. The purified enzyme had the following characteristics. 1. The molecular weight was estimated to be 84000 by Sephadex G-200 molecular-sieve chromatography. The enzyme consisted of two homologous subunits of 42000, judged from sodium dodecylsulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. 2. The optimum pH for activity was between 8 and 9, the optimum temperature was 40 degrees C for a 1-h reaction. The Michaelis-Menten constants and turnover numbers for the 6-aminohexanoic acid dimer and trimer were 5.9 mM and 2.4 s-1, and 6.2 mM and 2.0 s-1 respectively. 3. The enzyme was inhibited by 0.37 mM diisopropylfluorophosphate and by 0.013 mM p-chloromercuribenzoate. 4. The enzyme was active on 6-aminohexanoic acid oligomers from dimer to hexamer and icosamer but not on hectamer, and the activity decreased with the increase of the polymerization number of the oligomer. The oligomers were hydrolyzed so as to remove the 6-aminohexanoic acid residue successively from the amino terminus. The enzyme could not hydrolyze other linear amides, cyclic amides, dipeptides, tripeptides or casein. 5. 6-aminohexanoic-acid-oligomer hydrolase was classified as a new member of the linear amidases (EC 3.5.1.-).

Amidohydrolases↗

PubMed1981

Pontine reticular unit responses to pelvic nerve and colonic mechanical stimulation in the dog.

The role of pontine reticula units (PRU) responding to afferent impulses from the distal colon and anal mucosa was studied in dogs. The 465 PRU were classified into 4 groups on the basis of the pattern of discharge in response to afferent stimulation (AS) of rectal branches (RB) of the pelvic nerve: Group I (G-I) responded with a short burst (latency, 36 +/- 16 msec); G-II responded with an early short burst (latency, 41 +/- 21 msec), followed by a late long-lasting train of spikes (latency, 187 +/- 110 msec); and G-III responded with a long-lasting train of spikes (latency, 189 +/- 130 msec). G-IV had spontaneous discharges which were temporally inhibited by AS. G-II and G-III PRU showed remarkable facilitation similar to that of the long latency reflex discharges of RB. G-I PRU showed habituation. Most of G-II and G-III PRU discharged simultaneously with the reflex discharges of RB; these cause the contractions of defecation in the distal colon. In each group, 6.4 +/- 14.8% of PRU were reticulospinal units with descending axons running beyond the 1st lumbar segment of the spinal cord. It was concluded that the pontine defecation reflex center plays an essential role in defecating activity.

Afferent Pathways↗

PubMed1981

Detection of rotavirus in faeces by latex agglutination.

Human rotavirus (HRV) in faeces of patients may be readily detected with high sensitivity and specificity using latex agglutination (LA) on a glass slide by making use of the cross-reactivity of anti-calf rotavirus (CRV) antibody. Latex particles were coated with anti-CRV immunoglobin. The antibody coated particles (AC-L) are specifically agglutinated by both CRV and HRV, and the agglutination is evident macroscopically within a minute. To examine the sensitivity and reliability of the LA method compared to other methods, HRV in faecal extracts of 48 infants with acute gastroenteritis was sought by the LA, reversed passive haemagglutination (RPHA) and electron microscope (EM) methods. Samples positive by the EM method were all positive by the LA method, and samples negative by EM were all negative by LA. The LA method is suitable for application as a simple clinical diagnostic test.

Child, Preschool↗

PubMed1981

Hemolysis by the complement of tanned erythrocytes coated with cobra venom factor: a sensitive method to detect the alternative complement pathway activity of serum.

Sheep (Esh), human (Ehu), rabbit (Erab) or guinea pig (Egp) erythrocytes were treated with tannic acid and coated with cobra venom factor (CoVF), which activates the alternative complement pathway (ACP). Tanned erythrocytes (TE) coated with CoVF (TECoVF) were efficiently hemolyzed by guinea pig serum l(GPS) and/or rabbit serum (RabS) in Mg2+-EGTA-GVB (gelatin veronal-buffered saline containing 2 mM MgCl2 and 10 mM ethyleneglycol-bis(beta-aminoethyl ether)N,N'-tetraacetate). The reactivity of TEsh-CoVF, TEhu-CoVF and TErab-CoVF to the ACP of guinea pig and/or rabbit increased with the increased amount of CoVF fixed on TE until it was sensitive enough to be hemolyzed by serum diluted over 80 times in Mg2+-EGTA-GVB. The hemolysis of TECoVF by GPS was confirmed to be the result of ACP activation by the findings that the reaction was inhibited in EDTA-GVB, heating of GPS at 50 degrees C diminished its hemolytic potency, and fractions of factor B and factor D were essential to the sensitization of TECoVF for hemolysis by GPS in EDTA-GVB. On the other hand, none of the TE coated with CoVF were hemolyzed by human serum (HuS) diluted over 1 : 40. Although the low efficiency of HuS in TE-CoVF hemolysis remains to be explained, TE-CoVF will be useful for the detection of ACP activity of guinea pig and rabbit sera.

Animals↗

PubMed1981

Evaluation of the gonadotropic responsiveness of the pituitary to acute and prolonged administration of LH/FSH-releasing hormone (lhrh) in untreated patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

The pituitary gonadotropic responsiveness to acute and prolonged administration of LH/FSH-releasing hormone (LHRH) were assessed in 6 patients with untreated congenital virilizing adrenal hyperplasia (partial 21-hydroxylase deficiency). The oldest subjects had normal response in comparison to females at the midfollicular phase, to the acute infusion of 25 ug LHRH regarding both gonadotropins whereas LH secretory area was decreased during the prolonged (100 ug LHRH in 8 hours) infusion with normal FSH secretion. The two youngest subjects, with higher steroid levels in our series, were either unresponsive on both ways of testing or presented pre-pubertal response.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1981

Inhibition of lactate dehydrogenase activity by polymeric NAD derivatives with different NAD densities.

Polymeric NAD derivatives with different NAD densities were prepared by the copolymerization of NAD N6-[N-(N-acryloyl-1-methoxycarbonyl-5-aminopentyl)-propionamide] with acrylamide in different molar ratios, from 4 x 10(-4) to 1 x 10(-2). The cofactor activities of the polymeric NAD derivatives for lactate, yeast alcohol and horse liver alcohol dehydrogenases decreased with the increase in the NAD density of the polymer, and the lactate dehydrogenase showed no activity for the polymeric NAD derivatives with NAD densities of 2 x 10(-3) and 1 x 10(-2) mol/mol acrylamide polymerized. The polymeric NAD derivatives inhibited the activities of lactate and yeast alcohol dehydrogenases but did not inhibit those of horse liver alcohol and malate dehydrogenases. The polymeric NAD derivatives were competitive inhibitors with respect to NAD for the reaction of lactate dehydrogenase: the inhibition constant decreased from 2.2 microM to 0.02 microM with the increase in the NAD density from 4 x 10(-4) to 1 x 10(-2) mol/mol acrylamide polymerized.

Acrylic Resins↗

PubMed1981

Eikenella corrodens adherence to human buccal epithelial cells.

The mechanism of Eikenella corrodens adherence to human buccal epithelial cells in vitro was studied. Initial experiments to determine the optimal conditions for adherence of E. corrodens to buccal epithelial cells showed that adherence was dependent on time, temperature, bacterial concentration, and pH. Different strains of E. corrodens varied in their ability to adhere, and strain 1073 showed the greatest ability in adherence. Strain 1073 was selected for studies of adherence mechanisms. Trypsin treatment or heating (100 degrees C, 10 min) of the bacterial cells abolished their capacity to adhere to buccal epithelial cells. Treatment of buccal epithelial cells with trypsin also abolished adherence of E. corrodens 1073, whereas neuraminidase treatment of buccal epithelial cells enhanced the adherence. The adherence was inhibited by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and restored by adding Ca2+. The adherence was remarkably inhibited by sugars containing D-galactose and n-acetyl-D-galactosamine. Treatment of neuraminidase-treated epithelial cells with sodium metaperiodate or alpha- and beta-galactosidase did not decrease the adherence. These data suggest that adherence of E. corrodens 1073 to human buccal epithelial cells may require the interaction of lectin-like proteins on the bacterial surface with galactose-like receptors on the surface of epithelial cells.

Bacteroides↗

PubMed1981

The zonal origins of the mineralocorticoid hormones in the 21-hydroxylation deficiency of congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

The 0800 h plasma concentrations of the mineralocorticoid hormones, 18-hydroxydeoxycorticosterone (18-OHDOC), deoxycorticosterone (DOC), corticosterone, 18-hydroxycorticosterone (18-OHB), and aldosterone, in six patients with nonsalt-losing congenital adrenal hyperplasia revealed two groupings of these steroids: in one group, DOC, 18-OHB, and aldosterone were significantly elevated (P less than 0.001) at 51.7 +/- 18.0, 70.8 +/- 14.2, and 22.7 +/- 3.0 ng/dl, respectively; in the other group, corticosterone and 18-OHDOC were normal at 363.6 +/- 76.0 and 7.8 +/- 1.1 ng/dl, respectively. No significant increases in response to upright posture were observed in DOC, 18-OHB, or aldosterone. After a 1-h Cortrosyn stimulation test, the already elevated levels of DOC, 18-OHB, and aldosterone showed slight additional increases, but the normal levels of corticosterone and 18-OHDOC changed little within the normal unstimulated range. In these patients certain mineralocorticoid hormone patterns permit the identification of the zonal origins of steroids. The normal and fixed levels of 18-OHDOC and corticosterone, zona fasciculata steroids, are similar to those of cortisol and imply deficiency of formation and of their precursor, zona fasciculata DOC, a 21-hydroxylated steroid. Both the mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid pathways distal to 21-hydroxylation are impaired in the zona fasciculata. However, the elevated and partially responsive levels of DOC, 18-OHB, and aldosterone imply that there is greater activation of 21-hydroxylation in the zona glomerulosa than in the zona fasciculata, with its normal fixed steroid levels, and that the elevated level of DOC is primarily from this zone.

18-Hydroxycorticosterone↗

PubMed1981

Differentiation of Dictyostelium discoideum mutant cells in a shaken suspension culture and the effect of cyclic AMP.

In Dictyostelium discoideum, 16 mutants in which cells differentiate into spores and stalk cells without normal morphogenesis were isolated. All these mutants are rapidly developing and capable of differentiating in a shaken suspension of phosphate buffer. The developmental kinetics of specific activities of enzymes in one of the mutants, HTY 1851, cultured in the suspension was compared with that in the parental strain, X2, developed on a solid surface. Most of the enzyme activities appeared much earlier and the peaks of the activities were lower in HTY1851 than X2, but the order or appearance of the activities was the same in both the strains cultured under the conditions described above. These results suggest that the biochemical steps in the development of the mutant in a shaken suspension are essentially the same as those of the parental strain X2 on a solid surface. It was also found that addition of cyclic AMP (2.5 X 10-5 M to 1 X 10-4 M) to the mutant cell suspension 6-8 h after the initiation of development induced an increase in the number of spores and the specific activities of some enzymes to values twice as high as those of an untreated control.

Cell Differentiation↗