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Biomedical subjects

H Okada

Publications and source records attributed to H Okada.

At least 901 records · Page 50Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Colon bladder replacement after total cystectomy].

Although ileal conduit diversion is widely accepted in the treatment of the patients undergoing radical cystectomy, many patients would prefer other alternatives which allow continence. and urination through the urethra. We describe a new procedure in which a segment of detuburalized right colon is used as a continent reservoir. Eight patients, 7 after radical cystectomy for bladder cancer and one after total exenteration for rectal cancer, have undergone colon bladder replacement. New created bladder had a capacity of 300 to 600 ml. All patients could pass urine through the urethra but one is on self-catheterization. Five of the 8 patients had no residual urine. Three months after operations 4 were totally continent and 3 were satisfactorily dry during daytime but slightly enuretic. Excretory urography showed no abnormalities in their upper urinary tract. Considering the "quality of life' of a patient, this procedure can be an ideal option for selected patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[A case of spontaneous pneumothorax due to metastasis of urinary bladder carcinoma to the lung].

We reported a case of spontaneous pneumothorax associated with pulmonary metastasis of urinary bladder carcinoma. A 73-year-old male patient complaining of chest pain and dyspnea was admitted, who had undergone transurethral resection of the urinary bladder carcinoma and diagnosis of inactive pulmonary tuberculosis based on the chest X-ray film finding one year previously. On admission, chest X-ray film showed right pneumothorax, and the re-expanded chest X-ray film revealed a cystic lesion in the right upper lung field adjacent to the anterior chest wall, corresponding to the previous pulmonary lesion. Three months later, right thoracotomy was performed because of relapse accompanying by profuse air-leakage. There was a pleural fistula on the surface of the cystic lesion and necrotic tissue in it. Drainage bronchi were involved by surrounding tumorous tissue. Histological examination of the specimen from the cyst wall disclosed metastasis of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. The probable mechanism of the spontaneous pneumothorax probable consisted of stenosis of the right B3 bronchus caused by the metastatic tumor produced a check valve mechanism leading to cystic lesion, the rupture of which caused the spontaneous pneumothorax.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Usefulness of intracranial pressure monitoring and EEG analysis in a child with acute encephalitis].

The usefulness of continuous intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring and the correlation between ICP and electroencephalographic findings were investigated in a 6-year-old boy with acute encephalitis. On admission he was comatose in a decerebrate posture. ICP was continuously monitored by the epidural transducer and controlled with hyperventilation, fluid restriction and administration of mannitol, glycerol and pentobarbital to keep below 20 mm Hg. The inotropic agents such as dopamine and dobutamine were also given to maintain the cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) at 50 mm Hg or greater. At the same time with ICP monitoring, EEG records were obtained with scalp electrodes at monopolar T3-A1 and T4-A2 regions according to the 10-20 international system on an analog tape simultaneously with a data recorder. The records were digitized at 50 samples/sec, and the high-order auto-regressive (AR) power spectrum was calculated with a minicomputer PFU-1200 (Fujitsu Co Ltd.). At pressures greater than 25 mm Hg in ICP, the total power of the high-order AR activity of EEG was apparently decreased. The results indicated that the AR power spectral analysis of EEG is sensitive method for obtaining valuable information regarding the electrical brain activity and intracranial pressure.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical statistics of the patients admitted to the Department of Urology, Kobe University Hospital, 1985-1987].

Between 1985 and 1987, a total number of 791 inpatients were treated at our department and 683 operations were performed. Urogenital malignant tumors (42.0%) were most frequently treated. Male infertility (14.8%) and urolithiasis (8.5%) followed. Bladder tumor was the most frequent disease in our hospital and transurethral resection of bladder tumor was the most frequent operation. Clearly endourological procedures have replaced so-called open surgeries.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Left ureteral tumor five years after radical cystectomy associated with duplication of inferior vena cava: a case report].

A 70-year-old male was admitted with left lumbago. He underwent a radical cystectomy five years earlier due to recurrent bladder carcinoma. Excretory urography revealed left hydronephrosis, left hydroureter and a right ureteral stone. Antegrade pyelography and urinary cytology of left kidney suggested the presence of left ureteral tumor and this was confirmed by an endoscopic work up through the nephrostomy. This patient was revealed to have a duplicated inferior vena cava by CT scan and vena cavography. A radical left nephroureterectomy was done uneventfully. M-VAC was adopted for post operative therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

The C4 and C2 but not C1 components of complement are responsible for the complement activation triggered by the Ra-reactive factor.

Ra-reactive factors (RaRF) are the name of a group of C-dependent bactericidal factors that bind specifically to Ra chemotype strains of Salmonella. These factors are present in the sera of a wide variety of vertebrates and have common characteristics. Here we investigate the C components required for the C activation induced by mouse RaRF, by using hemolysis of Ra LPS-coated E (ELPS) as a model system. It was found that C1-depleted and C1q-depleted sera were as effective as the undepleted serum in the lysis of ELPS sensitized with RaRF. Addition of the C1 component or C1q subcomponent to the depleted sera did not increase the effect. On the other hand, C4 and C2 components were found to be essential for the lysis of RaRF-sensitized ELPS. Activities of C4 and C2 remained on the sensitized cells even after washing the cells, suggesting that the classical C3 convertase, C4b2a, is generated on the RaRF-sensitized ELPS.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Mutant monoclonal antibodies with select alteration in complement activation ability. Impact on immune complex functions in vivo.

Mutagenesis of mAb is a useful means for studying the biologic and pathologic functions of immune complexes. Treatment of the Hy-1.2 hybridoma-producing IgG2a-anti-TNP antibodies with ethylmethanesulfonate provided us with a mutant clone, producing antibodies with reduced capacity for C activation. The antibodies retained normal Ag-binding capacity, staphylococcal protein A reactivity, and association to FcR for IgG on murine macrophages. No significant polypeptide deletion or class-switch was observed, but a significant change in clonotype was revealed by IEF. Intravenous injection of the mutant antibodies in immune complex form induced different tissue distributions of Ag in mice; i.e., more in kidneys and less in spleen, and developed more mesangial deposits in renal glomeruli compared with those of the wild type. Moreover, the production of granulomatous lesions in vivo caused by immune complexes of TNP-Sepharose was augmented by using mutant antibodies. These lesions demonstrated an enhanced accumulation of macrophages with multinucleated giant cells. Availability of this kind of mutant mAb is thus helpful in the elucidation of the biologic functions and consequences of immune complexes.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Structure of the horseradish peroxidase isozyme C genes.

We have isolated, cloned and characterized three cDNAs and two genomic DNAs corresponding to the mRNAs and genes for the horseradish (Armoracia rusticana) peroxidase isoenzyme C (HPR C). The amino acid sequence of HRP C1, deduced from the nucleotide sequence of one of the cDNA clone, pSK1, contained the same primary sequence as that of the purified enzyme established by Welinder [FEBS Lett. 72, 19-23 (1976)] with additional sequences at the N and C terminal. All three inserts in the cDNA clones, pSK1, pSK2 and pSK3, coded the same size of peptide (308 amino acid residues) if these are processed in the same way, and the amino acid sequence were homologous to each other by 91-94%. Functional amino acids, including His40, His170, Tyr185 and Arg183 and S-S-bond-forming Cys, were conserved in the three isozymes, but a few N-glycosylation sites were not the same. Two HRP C isoenzyme genomic genes, prxC1 and prxC2, were tandem on the chromosomal DNA and each gene consisted of four exons and three introns. The positions in the exons interrupted by introns were the same in two genes. We observed a putative promoter sequence 5' upstream and a poly(A) signal 3' downstream in both genes. The gene product of prxC1 might be processed with a signal sequence of 30 amino acid residues at the N terminus and a peptide consisting of 15 amino acid residues at the C terminus.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1988

A solid-phase immunoassay to screen anti-HLA monoclonal antibodies.

A solid-phase assay to detect anti-HLA monoclonal antibodies was developed. In this assay microtiter plates are coated with antigens solubilized from cultured lymphoid cells by sonication and then incubated with anti-HLA monoclonal antibodies. The antigen-antibody interaction is indicated by the development of color following the addition of peroxidase-conjugated anti-mouse Ig xenoantibodies and its substrate. The assay is rapid since it does not require centrifugations during the washing steps. Furthermore the assay is simple, reproducible and suitable to screen large numbers of samples and to detect antibodies recognizing determinants not exposed on the membrane of viable cells. The sensitivity of the assay is influenced by the pH of the buffer used to coat plates with antigens, by the number of cells used to prepare soluble antigens, by the incubation time of antigen preparations with plates and by the incubation time of antibody preparations with antigen-coated plates. Titration of anti-HLA monoclonal antibodies with known specificity and screening of hybridomas generated with splenocytes from mice immunized with cultured human lymphoid cells indicate that the sensitivity of the solid-phase assay is similar to that of the ELISA with lymphoid cells.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1988

Binding of C3 molecules to membranes via the SH-residue generated by the cleavage of a thioester bond can initiate complement activation.

Dithiopyridine (DTP)-dipalmitoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DTP-DPPE) was incorporated into liposome membranes to prepare DTP-liposomes. The DTP-liposomes could be lysed by reaction with the alternative complement pathway of any kind of serum tested. Activation of the alternative complement pathway has been shown to be mediated by the binding of C3 molecules to DTP on the liposomes via the SH-residue generated by the cleavage of thioester bond in the alpha-chain of the molecules.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Relationship between changes of the steroid receptor and synchronization in human endometrial adenocarcinoma cells in vitro.

It has been reported that the response of target cells to steroid hormone (SH) stimulation may depend on their position in the cell cycle. The DNA and RNA contents of malignant cells of the endometrium cultured in vitro were measured using flow cytometry (FCM). We also measured estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) levels of cells at different positions in the cell cycle. The G1 and S phases of the cell cycle were investigated using cells synchronized by sodium n-butyrate (G1 block), methotrexate (S block), and excess thymidine (S block). For DNA measurements, the cells were stained with propidium iodide following RNase treatment. For RNA measurements (double-stranded RNA) the cells were treated with DNase. We found that S phase synchronization by methotrexate was 136.2% of control (100%). Using the excess thymidine block and release procedure, the S phase fraction was 185.1% of control. G1 phase synchronization by sodium n-butyrate was 134% of control. The estrogen receptor level in G1 phase synchronized cells increased to 5.94 fmol/micrograms DNA in the cytosol and 12.35 fmol/micrograms DNA in the nuclear fraction. These levels represent a sevenfold total increase over that of the control estrogen receptor level. Cells in S phase showed no significant increase in estrogen receptor levels over control cells. Based on this study, the functional increase of the steroid receptor was most significant in the G1 phase.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

Induction of estradiol dehydrogenase activity in human uterine endometrium by synthetic steroids.

The effects of P and six synthetic steroids (MPA, ENT, CAP, R2323, DL and EEL) on estradiol dehydrogenase (E2DH) activity were studied in normal human uterine endometrium in vitro. The mean value of E2DH activity in the proliferative endometrium was 1.5 +/- 0.2 nmol/mg protein/h and that in the secretory endometrium was 10.2 +/- 1.1 nmol/mg protein/h. There was a 7-fold increase in the secretory phase. E2DH activity in the uterine endometrium was stable during the culture period of up to 72 h. In the proliferative endometrium, P, MPA and ENT (approximately 10(-6)M) induced E2DH activity during a 24-h incubation. CAP and R2323 had no significant effect. EEL and DL had negligible effects. In contrast, E2DH activity in the secretory endometrium was not induced further by the steroids. Therefore, in the proliferative endometrium, the elevation of E2DH activity is attributable to the progestational activity and, in the secretory endometrium, E2DH activity is not increased further by the progestational agents because it has been already activated fully by P.

17-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases↗
PubMed1988

Pulmonary atypical carcinoid tumor with marked alphafetoprotein production and features of an adenocarcinoma differentiation.

A 67-year-old man presented with a pulmonary atypical carcinoid tumor with marked elevation of the serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level to 181,000 ng/ml and no hepatic metastases. Immunohistochemistry revealed AFP-positive fine granules, sparsely distributed in some cells. The proportion of the concanavalin A nonbinding subfraction was 33.7%. Light microscopy revealed hyaline globules within or outside the clear and reticular cytoplasm of a few cells. These were ultrastructurally electron-dense materials similar to the hyaline bodies observed in yolk sac tumors. The Grimelius silver method stained only a few cells and very few cells showed a positive Masson-Fontana reaction. Electron microscopy revealed secretory granules measuring 220 nm on the average in scattered cells. Immunohistochemical studies showed 5-hydroxytryptophan in many cells and 5-hydroxytriptamine or serotonin in only a few cells. As for polypeptide hormones, gastrin was detected and in autopsy specimens carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) immunoreactive cells were observed. Past case reports on the coexistence of carcinoid tumors and adenocarcinomas in the digestive tract suggest that the tumor cells in our case are also derived from primitive or stem cells of endodermal origin and expressed unusual differentiation in the course of treatment.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

Thermostable peroxidase from Bacillus stearothermophilus.

A peroxidase from Bacillus stearothermophilus was purified to homogeneity. The enzyme (Mr 175,000) was composed of two subunits of equal size, and showed a Soret band at 406 nm. On reduction with sodium dithionite, absorption at 434 nm and 558 nm was observed. The spectrum of reduced pyridine haemochrome showed peaks at 418, 526 and 557 nm; the reduced minus oxidized spectrum of pyridine haemochrome showed peaks of 418, 524 and 556 nm with a trough at 452 nm. These results indicate that the enzyme contained protohaem IX as a prosthetic group. The optimum pH was about 6 and the apparent optimum temperature was 70 degrees C. The enzyme was relatively stable up to 70 degrees C; at 30 degrees C it was stable for a month. The enzyme had peroxidase activity toward a mixture of 2,4-dichlorophenol and 4-aminoantipyrine with a Km for H2O2 of 1.3 mM. It also acted as a catalase with a Km for H2O2 of 7.5 mM.

Catalase↗
PubMed1988

Expression of CR2 (C3d receptor) on the cell membranes of adult T cell leukemia.

MT-2 cells, which produce human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I), are known to have a complement receptor. We have established that the complement receptor is CR2 which binds C3d on immune complexes but not CR1. CR2 was also detected on ATL-3I cells but no complement receptor was detected on ATL-1K cells which lack ATL antigen (ATLA). Since CR2 is not detectable on normal T lymphocytes, the presence of CR2 on some ATL cells might suggest that ATL cells were derived from a particular minor lineage of T cells, or HTLV-I has a capacity to induce CR2, which has been demonstrated to be an a-type growth factor for B lymphocytes and to be a receptor for Epstein-Barr virus.

Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte↗