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Biomedical subjects

H Okada

Publications and source records attributed to H Okada.

At least 883 records · Page 49Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Studies on recent clinically isolated Staphylococcus aureus--drug susceptibility and incidence of MRSA in clinical isolates].

Susceptibility of various antimicrobial agents against clinically isolated Staphylococcus aureus was evaluated by Kirby Bauer methods. The incidence of MRSA (Methicillin cephem resistant Staphylococcus aureus) was also investigated. When S. aureus was isolated from urine, the clinical background of the case was further studied. The results are listed below; 1) M1N0 showed the highest susceptibility rate (83.1%) against 537 strains of S. aureus tested, followed by CMZ (63.7%) and CET (63.5%). The susceptibility rate of DMPPC was 41.9%. The incidence of MRSA was 31.3%. 2) In effusion, MRSA was most highly isolated (72.2%). 3) S. aureus isolated from blood and sputa was relatively more resistant to beta-lactams. 4) Strains from urine showed relatively high susceptibility rates. No MRSA was isolated from urine. 5) Thirteen out of twenty-four cases, whose urines were proven to be S. aureus positive, were polymicrobial infection patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

A new group of antibiotics, hydroxamic acid antimycotic antibiotics. II. The structure of neoenactins NL1 and NL2 and structure-activity relationship.

The structures of neoenactins (NEs) NL1 and NL2, novel antimycotic antibiotics produced by Streptoverticillium olivoreticuli in a precursor-oriented fashion, were elucidated by 1H and 13C NMR and mass spectroscopic studies. The structures of both antibiotics are closely related to that of NE-A, the major component of NE congeners, being classified in the group of hydroxamic acid antimycotic antibiotics in which L-serine and a diketo amine form a hydroxamic acid structure. To study the role of the carbonyl groups in the biological activities of the hydroxamic acid antimycotic antibiotics, NE-A was modified by reaction with various carbonyl reagents. In terms of antimycotic activity, the derivatives are classified into two distinct groups; the first ones are fairly comparable to but not exceeding and the second ones are less active than NE-A depending on their tendency to revert to NE-A by hydrolysis. In general, the biological activities of the derivatives are inversely proportional to their stabilities to hydrolysis.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMed1989

Inhibition of tumor angiogenesis activity in C3H mouse mammary tumor by medroxyprogesterone acetate.

The growth of the C3H mouse mammary tumor (MMT) is considered to be hormone independent. Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) had no effect on the growth of transplanted autochthonous MMT or the colony-formation of MMT cells. The tumor angiogenesis factor (TAF) activity of tumor-extract prepared from C3H mouse with transplanted autochthonous MMT and injected with 0.67 mg of MPA (in vivo MPA group) and that prepared from the colony of MMT cells treated with 10(-6) M MPA (in vitro MPA group) was lower (100.0% and 9.8%) than those of the in vivo and in vitro cortisol groups (325.5% and 44.3%), and the in vivo and in vitro groups without treatment (393.5% and 46.8%), respectively. The fibroblast growth factor (FGF) activity of the in vivo and in vitro MPA groups was lower (23.7% and 2.7%) than those of the in vivo and in vitro cortisol groups (54.7% and 11.3%), and the in vivo and in vitro groups without treatment (49.6% and 11.3%), respectively. Therefore, MPA may reduce neovascularization induced by TAF and FGF, although it had no effect on the growth of this MMT, and it had a glucocorticoid action similar to that of cortisol.

Angiogenesis Inducing Agents↗
PubMed1989

Inhibition of tumor angiogenesis activity by medroxyprogesterone acetate in gynecologic malignant tumors.

More than 30% of the colony formation of dispersed tumor cells was inhibited by medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) in 2 out of 6 cases of endometrial cancer, in 1 out of 6 cases of cervical cancer, and in 3 out of 12 cases of ovarian cancer. The colony formation inhibited by MPA was not related to clinical stage or histological type. There was no significant difference in the tumor angiogenesis factor (TAF) activity of any case of endometrial, cervical and ovarian cancer between the cortisol-treated group and the controls. TAF activity was inhibited by MPA in 4 out of 6 cases of endometrial cancer, in 5 out of 6 cases of cervical cancer, and in 9 out of 12 cases of ovarian cancer. There was no significant difference in the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) activity of any case of endometrial, cervical and ovarian cancer between the cortisol-treated group and the controls. FGF activity was inhibited by MPA in 3 out of 6 cases of endometrial cancer, in 5 out of 6 cases of cervical cancer, and in 10 out of 12 cases of ovarian cancer. The cases in which the colony formation was inhibited by MPA were not related to the cases in which TAF or FGF activity was inhibited by MPA. Therefore, MPA may reduce neovascularization induced by TAF and FGF, and can depress secondary spreading of some endometrial, cervical and ovarian cancer via the mechanism of terminal process of secondary spreading, regardless of the presence of glucocorticoid actions similar to that of cortisol, and the reduction of cell proliferation.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Murine membrane inhibitor of complement which accelerates decay of human C3 convertase.

A membrane protein of MW 60,000 was purified from mouse erythrocytes. This protein inhibits generation of mouse complement C3/C5 convertases on antibody-sensitized rabbit erythrocytes, in a haemolytic assay system using guinea-pig serum diluted in EDTA as the source of C3 to C9. This protein also has the capacity to accelerate the decay of human C3 convertase of the classical complement pathway. Antibody to this membrane protein also reacted with peripheral blood mononuclear cells and spleen cells, as observed by fluorescent flow cytometry analysis. Since the reactivity of these cells to the antibody was reduced by treatment with phosphatidyl inositol-specific phospholipase C (PIPLC), it is suggested that the protein is attached to the membrane via a glycophospholipid anchor. Based on these results, we conclude that this membrane protein is a murine homologue of human decay-accelerating factor (DAF).

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[A case of primary right ureteral squamous cell carcinoma with intraperitoneal invasion].

A case of primary right ureteral squamous cell carcinoma with intraperitoneal invasion was studied. The patient was a 38-year-old male with chief complaints of right lumbago and gross hematuria. He was admitted to our clinic suspected of having calculi. However, the radiogram was negative. As the patient was suffering from severe hypogastric pain, indicating acute abdomen, an investigative celiotomy was performed. The tumor that was subsequently revealed formed a mass engulfing the furcation of the right internal and external iliac arteries, ureter, ileum and sigmoid colon. As a radical resection was considered impossible, as much of the tumor as possible was excised and a colostomy was performed. After the operation, a regimen of polypharmacy, including bleomycin, was administered against the residual tumor. This therapy has proved to be remarkably effective. At present, the patient is under regular medical observation, and the postoperative course has been favorable.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Tissue culture and estrogen, to clarify the roles of estrone sulfate].

Estrone sulfate (E1-S) has been shown to be quantitatively the most important estrogen in peripheral blood. But, the physiological and/or pathological role of E1-S is not yet clarified. At present, we tried to clarify it using tissue cultures. In tissue cultures of human endometrium, secretory endometrium showed higher activity of estrone sulfatase (E1----E1-S) than proliferative endometrium. Progesterone added in the medium induced an increase of estrone sulfotransferase in the proliferative endometrium. The results suggest a reducing effect of estrogen by progesterone in secretory endometrium in physiological conditions. Estrogen dependent malignant tumors (breast cancer, endometrial cancer) have high estrone sulfatase. It converts E1-S to E1 (----E2) which are abundant in these tumors. Ishikawa cell line increased estrone sulfotransferase activity with progesterone, somewhat like the physiological conditions. From out study in vivo, there is a possibility of some ameliorative effects of E1-S on the central nervous system of patients with senile dementia (Alzheimer's type). Effects of E1-S on central nerves were investigated using tissue cultures.

Alzheimer Disease↗
PubMed1989

Effect of medroxyprogesterone acetate on secondary spreading of endometrial cancer.

We examined the effect of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) on secondary spreading of endometrial cancer. There was no significant difference in the adhering capacity of dispersed Ishikawa cells (derived from well-differentiated endometrial cancer) to a cell basement membrane matrix, fibronectin or laminin between cells treated with MPA, with cortisol, and without treatment. The adhering capacity of cells treated with cortisol to collagen type IV was higher than that without treatment. However, the adhering capacity was little affected by treatment with MPA. These results indicate that although cortisol may induce the initial process of metastasis by inducing the attachment of tumor cells to the basement membrane of vascular endothelium, MPA has no influence on the attachment, although it has a glucocorticoid action similar to that of cortisol. There was no significant difference in tumor angiogenesis factor (TAF) or fibroblast growth factor (FGF) activity of the tumor extract from Ishikawa cell colonies between cortisol-treated and control group. TAF or FGF activity of the MPA-treated group was lower than that of the control group. MPA may reduce the neovascularization in the terminal process of metastasis via the reduction of TAF and FGF produced by tumor cells, in spite of its glucocorticoid action.

Angiogenesis Inducing Agents↗
PubMed1989

Mechanism of antitumoral activity of medroxyprogesterone acetate for endometrial cancer.

The colony-formation of Ishikawa cells, which originate from well differentiated endometrial cancer, and produce progestogen receptors (PR), was inhibited by high concentrations of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA). However, the colony-formation was not inhibited by norethindrone (ENT), as a luteohormone or 17 beta-hydroxy-11 beta-(4-dimethylaminophenyl-1)-17 alpha(prop-1-ynyl)-estra-4, 9-dien-3-one (RU-486), as an antiprogestogen. Colony-formation in cells treated with MPA alone was not significantly different from that in those treated with MPA combined with either ENT or RU-486. ENT and RU-486 have high affinity with PR as does MPA. If the suppressive effect by MPA on colony-formation is mediated via PR, then this suppression should be competitively inhibited by ENT or RU-486. Our findings indicate that the effect of MPA is not mediated via PR.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1989

[A histological examination of liver fibrosis and tissue prolyl hydroxylase in various liver diseases].

Prolyl hydroxylase (PH) is an enzyme acting in early stage of collagen synthesis. We have emphasized the significance of the measurement of serum PH (SIRPH) in relation to liver fibrosis mainly in patients with alcoholic liver disease (ALD). In this study, we determined the localization and positivity of PH by tissue PH stain method (Avidin Biotin Complex method) to clarify the differences in fibrosis between ALD (25 cases) and non-alcoholic liver diseases (non-ALD, 47 cases). Tissue PH was found to be positive in liver cells around Glisson's sheath in early stage of fibrosis, and then in liver cells left within septa and also in mesenchymal cells in the sinusoidal wall as fibrosis progressed. Although there were basically no marked differences between ALD and non-ALD, ALD tended to show stronger tissue PH positivity for a degree of fibrosis, PH positivity in parenchymal cells was especially remarkable around pericellular fibrosis in ALD. These results clearly reflected the important role of liver parenchymal cells in progression of fibrosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A case of miliary tuberculosis associated with ARDS, DIC and bilateral pneumothorax].

We reported a case of 64 a year-old male patient of miliary tuberculosis associated with ARDS, DIC and pneumothorax, who had a history of gastric ulcer and pulmonary tuberculosis. On admission his chief complaints were fever, fatigue, palpitation, appetite loss and weight loss, and most noticeable abnormalities were bleeding from the gastric ulcer and miliary shadow on the chest x-ray film with hypoxemia. On the day after admission to the hospital he was diagnosed as ARDS as he showed severe hypoxemia due to extensive tuberculous infiltration in bilateral lung fields, and treatment with antituberculous drugs and steroids were started. On the third hospital day DIC appeared on laboratory data, Gabexate mesilate (FOY) for DIC and respirator for ARDS were introduced. Two weeks later pulmonary infiltration, PaO2 and general condition were somewhat improved. On the 15th day after admission pneumothorax occurred on the right side, and on the 20th day on the left. Tube drainage of both pleural cavities, and instillation of OK-432 and Fibrinogen HT into the right pleural cavity were done, but it showed no effect. Two months after admission pouring Fibrinogen HT and thrombin into the left B1+2 and right B1 with cannula washing pipe through the instrument channel of bronchoscope was carried out. A few days later air leakage stopped and collapsed lungs were completely expanded. This method is effective in the case of incurable pneumothorax with pulmonary hypofunction.

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical studies on cefodizime in the field of obstetrics and gynecology].

Clinical studies on cefodizime (THR-221, CDZM), a new injectable cephem antibiotic, were performed and the following results were obtained. Ten patients with obstetrical and gynecological infections such as intrauterine infections, pyometra, adnexitis, parametritis and lymphocystitis. The clinical results were evaluated as excellent in 1 case, good in 4 cases and poor in 5 cases. The efficacy rate was 50.0%. Bacteriologically, 10 organisms were isolated from 8 patients and the eradication rate was 44.4%. No side effects were observed in any of the cases treated with CDZM. In laboratory examinations, transient elevations of serum GOT, GPT and Al-P were noted in 1 case.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[4 cases of paraquat poisoning].

A clinical study was performed on 4 patients with paraquat poisoning treated between 1985 and 1987. The survival rate was 0% in our hospital.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Palilalia associated with progressive supranuclear palsy].

Two cases of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) with palilalia were presented. Case 1: A 64-year-old woman was in good health until age 62 when she noted clumsiness in walking. Subsequently, forgetfulness, abrupt falls and difficulty in swallowing developed. At the age of 63, she tended to repeat same words in conversation. On admission, neurological examination revealed mental deterioration (Hasegawa's scale 19), unsteady emotional state, supranuclear vertical gaze palsy, pseudobulbar palsy, nuchal dystonia, pyramidal tract signs and extrapyramidal signs. Although spontaneous speech production was reduced, she could answer to questions with compulsive repetition of a phrase or word. She always repeated twice or three times without stuttering, logoclonus or "palilalie aphone". Case 2: A 68-year-old, right-handed woman noted double vision since about one year ago. Subsequently, she developed slowness of voluntary movement, forgetfulness and difficulty in walking. Neurological examination showed similar signs as Case 1. She was not palilaic on examination, however we found the description of her palilalia on nurse's working records. Palilalia was not present so constantly as Case 1, but continued for about a year. We suppose that palilalia is not a rare phenomenon in PSP. Although the pathogenesis of palilalia is unknown at present, we speculate the combination of extrapyramidal sign, pseudobulbar palsy and dementia may most contribute the pathogenesis of palilalia on PSP.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[The synergistic abortive effect of anti-progestogen RU 38486 and aromatase inhibitors for pregnant rat].

We examined whether or not aminoglutethimide (AG) and miconazole (MCZ), as aromatase inhibitors, increase the abortive activity of RU38486 (RU) in pregnant rats. RU (2.5 mg/kg) alone or with an aromatase inhibitor (10 mg/kg) was administered orally to day 6-, 9- and 12-pregnant rats. After 24 hr, the ovaries, uterus and placental tissues were resected. Aromatase activity in the 800 x g supernatant fraction of the tissue homogenate was measured. Serum levels of progesterone (P), estradiol-17 beta (E2), prolactin (PRL) and testosterone (T) were also measured by RIA. In addition, the ovarian aromatase activity and the serum hormone levels in day 6-pregnant rats were measured 0, 3, 6, 12 and 24 hr after the oral administration on. The mean abortive rates in RU-treated day 6-, 9- and 12-pregnant rats were 75%, 62.5% and 50%, respectively. Although AG or MCZ alone did not induce abortion, they significantly increased the abortive effects of RU. The serum concentrations of P and E2 in day 6- and day 9-pregnant rats treated with RU and an aromatase inhibitor were decreased. There was no significant change in the serum concentrations of PRL and T during the experiment. Although no aromatase activity was detected in the uterus or placenta, the activity in ovarian tissue increased with the gestation period. The ovarian aromatase activity was suppressed by RU and an aromatase inhibitor, but not by RU alone. These results demonstrate that both RU and aromatase inhibitor enhance the abortion effects of RU in rats.

Abortifacient Agents↗