Training effects on concentrations of immunoreactive superoxide dismutase iso-enzymes in human plasma.
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
H Ohno
Publications and source records attributed to H Ohno.
A new method for promoting adhesion between precious metal alloys and dental adhesives.
A new, simple method of modifying the adherend metal surface by a liquid Ga-Sn alloy (Adlloy) was applied to dental precious and base-metal alloys for adhesion with 4-META adhesive resin. Adhesions of 4-META resin to three other surface states--as-polished, oxidized at high temperature, and electroplated tin--were also performed for comparison with the adhesion on Adlloy-modified surfaces. Bond strength measurements were made, and the durability against water at the adhering interface was evaluated. The Adlloy-modified gold alloys (Type IV and 14 K) and silver-based alloys (Ag-Pd and Ag-Cu) showed not only high bond strengths but also excellent water durability at the adhesion interface. Surface modification by Adlloy, however, did not affect adhesion to Ag-In-Zn and base-metal (SUS, Co-Cr, and Ni-Cr) alloys. Adhesion to the tin-electroplated specimens was comparable with that to the Adlloy-modified specimens.
Acrylic Resins↗
ESCA study on dental alloy surfaces modified by Ga-Sn alloy.
A new, simple surface modification method for adherend metals has been developed. It gives high bond strength and superior water durability to dental precious-metal alloys bonded with 4-META/MMA-TBB resin. However, there was no effect on the bonding of Ag-In-Zn alloy and base-metal alloys. In the present study, the alloy surfaces modified by the new method were analyzed by ESCA and SEM for determination of details of the modification effect. A new alloying layer containing Ga and Sn was formed on the precious-metal alloys. The main factor for excellent adhesion to be achieved was the formation of a very thin layer of Ga2O3 and SnO2, less than 1-2nm thick, on the alloy surface. A thicker modified layer, as formed on the Ag-In-Zn and Ni-Cr alloys, led to low bonding ability.
Acrylic Resins↗
Effects of brief physical exercise on the concentrations of immunoreactive superoxide dismutase isoenzymes in human plasma.
Effects of cycle ergometer exercise (approximately 75% VO2max for 15 min) on the concentrations of immunoreactive Mn- and CuZn-superoxide dismutases (SOD) in plasma were studied on 10 male students. During the experimental period, Mn-SOD concentration did not vary substantially. On the other hand, CuZn-SOD concentration decreased markedly at 15 min and 24 hr after the exercise; that is, CuZn-SOD appeared to differ virtually from Mn-SOD in recovery pattern.
Adult↗
Induction of negative signal through CD2 during antigen-specific T cell activation.
We have investigated the role of CD2 molecules in Ag-specific T cell activation by using a mouse model system in which the function of CD2 can be analyzed without the apparent influence of major accessory molecules, such as CD4 or LFA-1. Transfection of the CD2 gene into a CD2- T cell hybridoma confers the enhancement of IL-2 production upon Ag stimulation. Anti-CD2 mAb inhibits the Ag-specific response of the CD2-transfectant, not only to the level of CD2- cells but to the background. B cells, but not MHC class II-transfected L cells, serve as APC to induce the inhibition of Ag response. The complete abrogation of the response is observed only upon the stimulation through TCR with Ag in the presence of APC but not through either TCR-CD3 or other molecules such as Thy-1. Furthermore, the inhibition can also be observed when anti-CD2 mAb is immobilized on culture plates, suggesting that the inhibition of Ag response results from transducing the negative signal through the CD2 molecule. The experiments on cytoplasmic domain-deleted CD2-transfected T cells reveal that the cytoplasmic portion is responsible for the CD2-mediated abrogation of Ag responses. These results imply that CD2 has important roles in T cell responses not only as an activation and adhesion molecule but also as a regulatory molecule of Ag-specific responses through the TCR.
Animals↗
CD2 can mediate TCR/CD3-independent T cell activation.
T lymphocytes can be activated clonotypically through TCR/CD3 complex or polyclonally via the CD2 molecule. Whether CD2-mediated activation is dependent on TCR/CD3 expression or signaling is controversial. We have re-explored this issue by using a series of CD2-transfected, TCR/CD3 surface membrane-negative human and mouse T cells. Our results clearly show that such T cells can be triggered for IL-2 secretion and increases in intracellular Ca2+ through the CD2 molecule in the absence of surface expression of TCR/CD3 complexes. These responses are only observed when cells express high levels of CD2 and there is a critical threshold of CD2 expression necessary for such activation in the absence of CD3. Concomitant expression of TCR/CD3 complex markedly lowers the level of CD2 required for activation via the latter pathway. These results provide a clear resolution of the controversy concerning the requirement for surface CD3 expression in T cell activation through CD2 and further suggest a possible role for CD2 in activation of TCR/CD3-negative cells.
Antigens, CD↗
Genomic organization of IgH gene compared with the expression of Bcl-2 gene in t(14;18)-positive lymphoma.
In three lymphoma cell lines carrying t(14;18), named FL-18, FL-218, and FL-318, the genomic organization of IgH gene was compared with the expression of bcl-2 gene; the t(14;18) of the FL-18 cells occurred downstream from the major breakpoint cluster region (mbr) of a bcl-2 gene, and that of the FL-218 and FL-318 cells within the mbr. The FL-318 expressed the normal-sized bcl-2 transcript of 8.5-kb mRNA having the noncoding region 3 to the mbr, which was found in the FL-18, and the FL-218 lacking the intact bcl-2 gene did not. This finding suggests that in t(14;18)-positive lymphoma having the breakpoint within the mbr, transcription of the nontranslocated bcl-2 allele is not necessarily silent. In addition, the FL-218 and FL-318 expressed aberrant bcl-2 transcripts and heterogenous IgH transcripts lacking the VH region, and the bcl-2 transcripts each comigrated with parts of the sterile IgH mRNAs. The FL-318, which did not exhibit switch recombination on either IgH allele, contained abundant amounts of l gamma mRNAs, a prerequisite for the recombination into the C gamma locus. One of the I-mRNA species comigrated with the aberrant bcl-2 transcript. The FL-18 and FL-218 lacking the I gamma mRNAs had completed switch recombination of both IgH alleles. This result raises a possibility that deregulated bcl-2 transcription caused by t(14;18) is capable of playing a role in class switch recombination of IgH gene.
DNA Probes↗
Resonant interband tunneling via Landau levels in polytype heterostructures.
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Journal Article↗
Antitumor activity of 7-N-[[2-[[2-(gamma-L-glutamylamino)ethyl]dithio]ethyl]]-mitomycin C.
Through the extensive investigation of new mitomycin C (MMC) derivatives, several compounds with disulfide at N-7 were found to show activities superior to MMC against murine Sarcoma 180 solid tumor. Among them, 7-N-[[2-[[2-(gamma-L-glutamylamino)ethyl]dithio]ethyl]]- mitomycin C (KW-2149) was selected for further evaluation of antitumor activity and toxicity in mice. KW-2149 exhibited activity superior to MMC in increasing survival of i.p. inoculated P388 leukemia-, M5076 sarcoma-, and B16 melanoma-bearing mice. KW-2149 administered i.v. also exhibited superior activity in inhibiting the growth of s.c. inoculated P388 leukemia, M5076 sarcoma, and colon 26 adenocarcinoma and in increasing survival of i.v. inoculated P388 leukemia- and M5076 sarcoma-bearing mice. Furthermore, KW-2149 remarkably increased the life span of MMC-resistant P388 leukemia- and L1210 leukemia-bearing mice. KW-2149 and MMC inhibited the growth of human tumors inoculated into nude mice. The activity of KW-2149 was prominent in human lung carcinoma Lu-65 and Lu-99, bladder carcinoma T24, and epidermoid carcinoma A431. KW-2149 was comparable to MMC in decreasing the number of WBC in the peripheral blood, and the thrombopenia induced by KW-2149 was mild and recovery was rapid. The in vitro anticellular spectrum of KW-2149 against 23 human tumor cell lines was similar to that of MMC. However, KW-2149 inhibited the growth of the cell lines at concentrations of 10- to 100-fold lower than MMC and showed efficient cytotoxicity against MMC-insensitive tumor cell lines. These included lung epidermoid carcinoma Calu-1, stomach carcinoma MKN-28, colon adenocarcinoma DLD-1, colon adenocarcinoma LoVo, bladder carcinoma HT-1197, sarcoma G-292, and melanoma SK-MEL-28 cells. These results indicate that KW-2149 bears interesting characteristics as a new anticancer drug and warrants further development.
Animals↗
Prediction of degree of residual stenosis in coronary thrombolysis.
In order to predict the residual stenosis in coronary thrombolysis, the factors easily obtained from clinical history--age, gender, history of angina before acute myocardial infarction (AMI), family history, hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, smoking, and interval between onset of AMI and recanalization--were observed in 114 patients with successful coronary thrombolysis. In 55 patients with angina before AMI, 29 patients had residual stenosis greater than or equal to 75% and 26 patients had residual stenosis less than 75%. In 59 patients without angina before AMI, 15 patients had residual stenosis greater than or equal to 75%, and 44 patients had residual stenosis less than 75%. The presence or absence of angina before AMI was the main variable that discriminated the groups of residual stenosis of more or less than 75%, which was the only significant independent variable to predict the residual stenosis. These data suggest that the presence of angina pectoris before AMI is likely to be associated with a significant degree of residual stenosis after thrombolysis.
Angina Pectoris↗
A case of cardiac amyloidosis presenting with symptoms of exertional syncope.
A 54-year-old man presented with symptoms of exertional syncope. Cardiac amyloidosis was diagnosed by endomyocardial biopsy. Exercise tolerance test revealed a failure of increased heart rate followed by sinus arrest, associated with syncope. Autopsy revealed amyloid deposits in the sinoatrial node.
Amyloidosis↗
Effects of cold stress on glutathione and related enzymes in rat erythrocytes.
Effects of acute and chronic cold stress on glutathione and related enzymes in rat erythrocytes were investigated. Blood from both cold-acclimated (CA) and cold-adapted (CG) rats had significantly lower concentrations of glutathione than blood from control animals. Superoxide dismutase activity was increased significantly in CA rats and tended to rise in CG rats. Activity of glutathione peroxidase in erythrocytes was inconsistent in that it tended to increase in CA rats but decreased significantly in CG rats. The results may imply that CG rats suffered deleterious effects of hydrogen peroxide. On the other hand, there were marked decreases in glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase activities in acutely cold-exposed rats in conjunction with unchanged levels of glutathione. In all treatments the state of riboflavin metabolism was estimated to be adequate, since no increases were observed in the erythrocyte glutathione reductase activity coefficient.
Animals↗
The effects of chronic central administration of corticotropin-releasing factor on food intake, body weight, and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical hormones.
The effects of chronic central administration of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) on food intake, body weight, and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical hormones were investigated in rats. The infusion of ovine CRF at doses of 0.3 and 1.0 microgram/h continuously induced decrease in food intake and a suppression of body-weight gain for 7 days. The inhibition of body weight gain induced by CRF could not be accounted for solely by a decreased food intake since the suppression of body-weight gain in CRF-infused rats was significantly greater than that observed in rats which received the same amount of food as the CRF-infused rats. The content of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) -derived peptides in the anterior lobe of the pituitary as well as the plasma levels of ACTH and corticosterone (B) were significantly elevated in CRF-treated rats, and the CRF content in the hypothalamus was significantly decreased. These results suggest that chronic intracerebroventricular (icv) administration of CRF stimulates the synthesis and secretion of POMC-related peptides in the pituitary and suppresses food intake accompanied by inhibition of body weight gain. The results are similar to clinical and laboratory findings observed in patients with stress-induced anorexia.
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
Increased cyclic AMP responsiveness to glucagon in cold-acclimated rats.
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Acclimatization↗
Serum manganese-superoxide dismutase in patients with diabetes mellitus and thyroid dysfunction as judged by an ELISA.
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Adolescent↗
Effect of L-cysteine on plasma concentration and urinary excretion of 1-(tetrahydro-2-furanyl)-5-fluorouracil metabolites.
Effects of L-cysteine (CySH) on the plasma concentrations and the urinary excretion of 1-(tetrahydro-2-furanyl)-5-fluorouracil (FT) and its metabolites were studied by high performance liquid chromatography in rats. Significantly higher plasma concentrations of FT, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cis-4'-OH-FT were obtained after an oral administration of FT (500 mg/kg) combined orally with CySH (500 mg/kg) when compared to FT alone. The urinary excretions of 5-FU, trans-3'-OH-FT, cis-4'-OH-FT, trans-4'-OH-FT and 4',5'-dehydro-FT significantly decreased up to 12 h but that of alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine significantly increased up to 24 h by the combined administration of CySH. Furthermore, the plasma concentration of 5-FU significantly increased at 0.5 h and its urinary excretion significantly decreased up to 4 h after an intraperitoneal administration of 5-FU (10 mg/kg) combined orally with CySH (500 mg/kg) when compared to 5-FU alone. The urinary pH significantly changed to acidic and the urinary volume significantly increased by the combined administration of CySH, so it was thought that the reabsorption of 5-FU through renal tubules from urine could increase and the increment of the urinary excretion of alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine was caused by this. Then it was suggested that the increase of the plasma concentrations of 5-FU and cis-4'-OH-FT could be attributed to the decrease of their urinary excretions after an administration of FT combined with CySH when compared to FT alone.
Animals↗
Primary cardiac hemangiopericytoma causing rupture of the right atrium and chronic cardiac tamponade.
A 53-year-old woman presented with symptoms of dyspnea on exertion and edema of lower extremities. Chronic cardiac tamponade caused by the rupture of the right atrial wall was diagnosed by two-dimensional contrast echocardiography. Autopsy findings revealed primary cardiac hemangiopericytoma.
Cardiac Tamponade↗
Effects of flutropium on experimental models of drug- and allergy-induced rhinitis in guinea pigs.
The effects of flutropium on histamine (Hist)-induced increase in intranasal pressure in non-sensitized guinea pigs and nasal mucosa capillary permeability in passively sensitized guinea pigs were investigated. Flutropium (0.3%), atropine (0.3%), diphenhydramine (0.01%) and cimetidine (0.1%) were directly inhaled into the nasal cavities by an ultrasonic nebulizer for 20 min, followed by inhalation of Hist (0.1%) for 10 min. Flutropium, atropine and diphenhydramine had an inhibitory action on the Hist-induced increase in intranasal pressure in guinea pigs. Cimetidine had no effect on this system. In passively sensitized guinea pigs (the challenge was performed 48 hr after sensitization), a 0.1-1.0 mg/kg injection of flutropium (i.v.) dose-dependently inhibited the allergic nasal mucosa capillary permeability. Atropine (10 mg/kg, i.v.) had no inhibitory action on this system. These results suggest that inhalation into the nasal cavities and i.v. injection of flutropium are effective in experimental models of drug- and allergy-induced rhinitis of the guinea pig.
Animals↗