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Biomedical subjects

H Ohashi

Publications and source records attributed to H Ohashi.

At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[A case of jargon aphasia--a clinicopathological study].

An autopsied case of jargon aphasia by multiple cerebral infarction was reported. A 75-year-old right-handed woman developed a Wernicke's aphasia with the first attack of cerebral infarction in the left hemisphere in July 1980. With the second attack of infarction in October 1980, she developed a neologistic and semantic jargon aphasia, in which her speech consisted of neologisms, literal paraphasias, empty phrases and so-called "misused words". CT-findings showed two low density areas; one was in the left hemisphere and the other in the posterior region of the right hemisphere. Her jargon aphasia persisted for about one year. In November 1981, she suffered a third attack of infarction and developed an apallic syndrome. Neuropathological examination confirmed that the lesion of the right hemisphere played a decisive role in the outbreak of jargon aphasia in this case.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[Advanced gastric cancer successfully resected following cisplatin therapy. A case report].

A case of unresectable advanced gastric cancer (portion A, Min, S3 infiltrating into pancreas, N3, por., Borrmann III-type, hen's egg size) was treated with cis-dichlorodiammine platinum (CDDP) at a dosage of 30 mg/day for five days every month following surgery. After three courses of administration, examinations revealed that the tumor had disappeared and an evaluation of complete response was made. Four months later, a second-look operation was performed. It was found that the cancer was less than thumbsize and was able to be resected radically. No significant side effects were observed during CDDP therapy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Human-human hybridomas secreting antibodies specific to human lung carcinoma.

Human Namalwa cells were screened in serum-free medium and in 6-thioguanine, then fused with human lymphocytes from lymph nodes of lung adenocarcinoma cancer patients. Extensive testing using 14 lung cancer cell lines, 11 other cancer cell lines and 4 normal fibroblast lines identified monoclonal antibodies produced by 4 hybridoma clones that reacted specifically with lung adenocarcinoma cells. These monoclonal antibodies also reacted with lung adenocarcinoma tissues and not normal tissues or erythrocytes of any blood type. These hybridoma clones grew and stably secreted the antibodies in serum-free medium as well as in serum-containing medium.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

An improved procedure of chronic intravenous infusion in unrestrained rats.

A continuous infusion technique for rats is described which is a significant improvement upon existing procedures with regard to the degree of physiological and psychological stress it provokes. The system was assembled with a head attachment, a practical swivel and a special metabolic cage, permitting long-term tube feeding of unrestrained rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Effects of dietary potassium on the hemodynamics and plasma norepinephrine kinetics in patients with essential hypertension.

The effects of dietary potassium on the hemodynamics and plasma norepinephrine (NE) kinetics were studied in 10 patients with borderline hypertension. Potassium supplement (96 mEq daily for 5-7 days) induced a significant (p less than 0.05) fall in blood pressure and a slight decrease in cardiac output. Both urine volume and urinary sodium excretion increased significantly (p less than 0.05) for a first few days following the potassium supplement. The baseline values of the half-time of the rapid NE removal from plasma was significantly delayed in the hypertensive patients (1.05 +/- 0.06 min, p less than 0.05) when compared with those (0.88 +/- 0.04) in normal controls. Potassium supplement induced a significant rise in both plasma NE levels and NE outflow rate (p less than 0.01) in the hypertensive patients, while their half-times were significantly shortened (0.89 +/- 0.07 min, p less than 0.01). The pressor responsiveness to exogenously infused NE tended to diminish during the potassium supplement. These findings indicate that a high potassium intake might accelerate the slowed neuronal NE uptake in the hypertensive patients, while a potassium-induced fall in blood pressure might exert a baroreflex stimulation of NE release. As a net result, an increased NE outflow into the circulation has been confirmed. It is likely that a natriuresis-induced volume contraction might be a predominant factor responsible for the early reduction of blood pressure during the high potassium intake.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Production and release of inactive renin by human vascular smooth muscle cells.

Human arterial smooth muscle cells were obtained from surgically excised tissues and cultured by the explant method. The cultured cells had both active and inactive forms of an angiotensin I forming enzyme. About a five-fold increase in the activity was obtained by trypsin treatment. This renin-like enzyme was also found in abundance in the culture media, mostly in an inactive form. Most of the enzyme activity, either before or after the activation, was suppressed by an antibody specific to human renin. The inactive enzyme was activated to some extent also by acidification and by cold exposure. The molecular weight of the inactive enzyme was estimated to be approximately 49,000 by gel filtration. These results suggest that human vascular smooth muscle cells can produce renin and release an inactive form of renin, and can be a potential source of plasma inactive renin under certain conditions such as the anephric state.

Angiotensin I↗
PubMed1984

Presynaptic, muscarinic inhibition of non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic neuromuscular transmission in the chicken rectum.

Cholinergic inhibition of the non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic ( NANC ) transmission was investigated in the chicken isolated rectum with Remak's nerve attached. Stimulation of Remak's nerve (RT stimulation) at frequencies higher than 5 Hz elicited a late, slow contraction of the rectum in addition to an initial, fast NANC contraction. The late, slow contraction was blocked by atropine (0.25 microgram ml-1), potentiated by physostigmine (50 ng ml-1) and accompanied by an overflow of acetylcholine into the vascular perfusate, indicating the existence of cholinergic innervation to the rectum via Remak's nerve. RT stimulation (10 pulses at 0.5-1.0 Hz) elicited NANC -mediated excitatory junction potentials (e.j.ps). The e.j.p. amplitude declined at the second stimulus and then increased to reach a plateau. Atropine, by abolishing this decrease in amplitude, increased the mean amplitude of the e.j.ps during trains of stimuli but atropine did not affect the amplitude of the first e.j.p. Physostigmine reduced the mean e.j.p. amplitude, and this action was readily antagonized by atropine. A single intramural nerve stimulation delivered 2s or less before RT stimulation with trains of stimuli, suppressed the amplitude of the first e.j.p. of the train. This effect was abolished by atropine. Atropine in concentrations high enough to affect the e.j.p. amplitude had no effect on the resting membrane potential, the threshold for generating an action potential, or membrane resistance of the smooth muscle. It is concluded that RT stimulation at low frequencies causes the release of acetylcholine simultaneously with the NANC transmitter. The released acetylcholine acts mainly on prejunctional muscarinic receptors and mediates an inhibitory effect on the release of the NANC transmitter.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1984

Cholinergic inhibition of adrenergic transmission in the dog retractor penis muscle.

Muscarinic, cholinergic depression of adrenergic excitatory transmission was investigated by the microelectrode method in isolated dog retractor penis muscle. Electrical stimulation of the intramural nerves with single or repetitive stimuli elicited adrenergic contractions and excitatory junction potentials (e.j.p.s). The mechanical response and e.j.p. were suppressed by physostigmine (5 x 10(-7) g/ml) and carbachol (up to 5 x 10(-8) g/ml) without changing the sensitivity of the muscle to noradrenaline and muscle membrane resistance measured by electrotonic potentials. Atropine reversed the drug-induced attenuation of these responses, but atropine itself had no effect on them. Carbachol at 5 x 10(-8) g/ml, where the e.j.p. was blocked, caused a depolarization of the muscle membrane (less than 5 mV), whereas the same extent of depolarization produced by high K solution resulted in only a small decrease in e.j.p. amplitude. These results suggest that excitatory adrenergic transmission in the dog retractor penis muscle is depressed prejunctionally by a cholinergic mechanism.

Animals↗