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Biomedical subjects

H Ogino

Publications and source records attributed to H Ogino.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Organic solvent-tolerant bacterium which secretes an organic solvent-stable proteolytic enzyme.

A bacterial strain which can be grown in a medium containing organic solvents and can secrete a proteolytic enzyme was isolated and identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The strain was derived by the following two-step procedures: high proteolytic enzyme producers were first isolated by the usual method, and then the organic solvent-tolerant microorganism was selected from these high-rate proteolytic enzyme producers. The proteolytic activity of the supernatant of the culture was stable in the presence of various organic solvents. The stability of the enzyme in the presence of organic solvents, of which the values of the logarithm of the partition coefficient (log P) were equal to or more than 3.2, was almost the same as that in the absence of organic solvents. It is expected that both the solvent-tolerant microorganism and the solvent-stable enzyme produced by this strain can be used as catalysts for reactions in the presence of organic solvents.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1995

Chronic bronchobronchiolitis obliterans associated with Stevens-Johnson syndrome.

We report a case of bronchobronchiolitis obliterans associated with Stevens-Johnson syndrome diagnosed using bronchography and bronchoscopy in a 25-year-old man with dyspnea. Eighteen months prior to admission, the diagnosis of Stevens-Johnson syndrome due to anticonvulsant therapy was made at another hospital. On admission, the patient was wheezing and had overinflation of the lungs, with marked obstructive pulmonary dysfunction. Ventilation and perfusion scintigrams revealed multiple ventilation and perfusion defects but not mismatch. Bronchography revealed central bronchiectasis and obstruction of the peripheral bronchi. Occlusion of the fifth right basal bronchus was observed with fiberoptic bronchoscopy. Bronchography and bronchoscopy provide useful information for the diagnosis of this disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Multivariate analysis of everyday handicap of patients with dizziness].

A preliminary questionnaire consisting of 30 questions was developed to evaluate handicaps in everyday life for 105 patients with dizziness. Factor analysis divided the questions into 5 principal factors of handicap due to dizziness: 1) disturbance of social activity, 2) body motion precipitating dizziness, 3) limitation of physical activity, 4) emotional disturbance, and 5) disturbance of interpersonal communications. The score of each factor was calculated as the sum of the scores of three principal questions in the corresponding factor. There was no contribution of clinical diagnosis, patient's age or gender, or duration of the disease to the score of each factor. Thus, it is concluded that the reorganized questionnaire which consists of three principal questions in 5 factors can be used for evaluating dizziness handicaps in everyday life. The score of the emotional factor in patients with Meniere's disease was higher than that for other vestibular disease. The score of the body motion factor in patients with vestibular neuronitis was higher than that for vertebro-basilar artery insufficiency. Thus, the re-organized questionnaire can also be used for evaluating the contribution of each factor to dizziness handicaps in everyday life.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1995

[Diagnostic and therapeutic problems in vestibular neuronitis: clinical implications for sudden vertigo].

We defined sudden vertigo as a sudden, unilateral peripheral vestibular dysfunction. The criterion for its diagnosis is a single episode of vertigo without cochlear and central symptoms. Among 20 patients with sudden vertigo there was no difference in clinical aspects between those with CP (canal paresis) (CP% > or = 25%) and those without CP (CP% < 25%). This suggests that sudden vertigo with CP is due to sudden vestibular dysfunction with predominant involvement of the lateral semicircular canal. Basically, vestibular neuronitis is considered to be due to acute unilateral neuropathy of the vestibular nerve. However, since we have no routine examination for evaluating vestibular nerve function, sudden vertigo with CP should be diagnosed as vestibular neuronitis. We then assessed the prognosis of sudden vertigo with CP (vestibular neuronitis). About two years after the onset of CP 4 of 10 patients had recovered. However, patients with persistent CP had a handicap in their everyday life because of the dizziness induced by head movements. The possibility of recovery of vestibular function in response to steroid therapy may improve the prognosis in vestibular neuronitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[A case of post-traumatic arteriovenous fistula of the subclavian artery].

A 67-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital for a complete medical evaluation of a pulmonary nodule on a chest X-ray film, which was found during an annual check-up. A loud bruit was audible over the left chest and the supraclavicular region. Computerized tomography (CT) scan and magnetic resonance imaging revealed an arteriovenous fistula from a branch of the left subclavian artery into the paravertebral veins. Angiography disclosed that the arteriovenous fistula was fed by the left costocervical artery. Transarterial embolization of the arteriovenous fistula was done with 5 mechanical detachable coils and 2 micro coils. Postembolization angiography showed a marked decrease in blood flow and near-elimination of the arteriovenous fistula. The shrinkage of the arteriovenous fistula was also observed on CT scan. This patient had been in a traffic accident, and had been clinically well before the accident. Post-traumatic arteriovenous fistula was strongly suspected, because a pulmonary nodule on chest X-ray film and a bruit were found after a traffic accident.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1995

[A rare case of coronary artery perforation by a PTCA guide wire complicating with postinfarction cardiac rupture after thrombolytic therapy].

We report a rare case of coronary artery perforation by a guide wire for percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) complicating with postinfarction cardiac rupture (oozing type). The patient had acute myocardial infarction on the extensive anterior wall and developed cardiac rupture followed by serious cardiac tamponade during the emergency PTCA several hours after tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) given intravenously. The meandering left anterior descending artery (LAD) was found injured by a PTCA guide wire apart from a small oozing-type cardiac rupture near the apex. We repaired urgently the perforated LAD as well as the ruptured left ventricle. It is thus suggested that coronary artery perforation by a PTCA guide wire may occur on meandering coronary arteries and develop a serious hemorrhagic complication, particularly after thrombolytic therapy.

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary↗
PubMed1995

[Long-term results of mitral valvuloplasty for mitral regurgitation].

From July 1979 to February 1995, 126 patients, including 4 reoperations, aged between 6 months and 77 years underwent mitral valve repair for mitral regurgitation. The patients were divided in two groups, 46 patients aged less than 16 years in pediatric age group and the other 80 patients in a dult group. The methods consisted of asymmetric annuloplasty (Kay-Reed method) in 98 patient, Carpentier-Edwards ring annuloplasty in 14, quadrangular resection of the posterior leaflet with annuloplasty in 9, and chordal and leaflet repair in 5. There was no hospital nor late death in pediatric age group. Three hospital deaths and one late death were in adult group. Follow-up was 96% complete and totaled 812.1 patient years. Reoperations underwent in 3 pediatric patients and 9 adults. At 15 years' follow-up, freedom from reoperation was 91.5 +/- 4.7% in pediatric age group and 67.1 +/- 12.7% in adults. Freedom from event was 63.5 +/- 12.1% in adult group. These results suggest that mitral repair with Kay-Reed method in pediatric age group is favorable for long-term. In contrast, indications for mitral reconstraction with other methods including ring annuloplasty should be extended for aged patients with severely dilated annuls and degenerated leaflets.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Effect of a newly developed corneal storage medium on corneal endothelium--morphological study by scanning electron microscopy].

We compared the effects on corneal endothelium of the new storage mediums I and II with those of OPTISOL. Storage mediums I and II had the same formula, i.e., 0.1% hyaluronic acid, except for the concentration of basic medium TC-199. I contained 70% of the TC-199 concentration of OPTISOL and II contained 80%. Rabbit corneas were stored in storage mediums I and II for 3, 7, 10 and 14 days and in OPTISOL for 7, 10 and 14 days at 4 degrees C. After the 3-day storage period, endothelial cells were preserved in good condition. After the 7-day storage period, medium I showed better preservative ability in endothelial configuration than the other two storage media. Medium II and OPTISOL showed a similar storage potential morphologically. With increasing storage time, endothelial cells showed an irregular surface and a less defined cellular edge in both media II and OPTISOL.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Successful surgical treatment for ruptured distal aortic arch aneurysm into lung].

We report successful aortic arch replacement using continuous retrograde cerebral perfusion (CRCP) for the three cases of ruptured distal aortic arch aneurysm (DAAA) into the left lung. All of them, who had preoperative episodes of hemosputum and hemoptysis, were diagnosed rupture of DAAA into the lung with computed tomography, magnetic resonance image, aortography or transesophageal echo. Following urgent graft replacement of the aortic arch or repair of the rupture on the suture line in the previous arch vessel reconstruction was carried out safely through median sternotomy approach. The left upper lobe of lung adherent tightly to the DAAA wall was not dissected to prevent the lung from bleeding, air leakage and infection. All of them, who awoke smoothly after CRCP, did not developed any pulmonary complications and survived uneventually. We concluded that median approach and not tearing lung from DAAA wall might be key-points for successful operation in cases of ruptured DAAA into lung and that CRCP is an safe and useful method to protect brain in such cases.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Protective effect of continuous retrograde cerebral perfusion on the brain during deep hypothermic systemic circulatory arrest.

Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest has been widely used as an adjunct for surgery of the aortic arch to protect the brain and other vital organs. We introduced the use of continuous retrograde cerebral perfusion via the superior vena cava during deep hypothermic circulatory arrest in 1987 and have used it in 33 patients. Continuous retrograde cerebral perfusion times ranged from 10 to 89 minutes (mean 40.2 +/- 22.5), and minimal nasopharyngeal temperatures ranged from 14 to 25 degrees C (mean 17.4 +/- 2.0). Two patients with a ruptured aneurysm died during operation due to bleeding and two other patients, with continuous retrograde cerebral perfusion time of 24 and 35 minutes, died 1 month postoperatively due to preoperative liver cirrhosis and sepsis. Two patients suffered from stroke. The remaining 27 patients, including 6 with from 60 to 82 minutes of continuous retrograde cerebral perfusion, had no complications related to continuous retrograde perfusion. During continuous retrograde cerebral perfusion, 66 pairs of blood samples from the perfusate and from the drainage back to the arch vessels were obtained. Analysis of these samples revealed that partial pressure of oxygen, saturation of oxygen, and oxygen content significantly decreased (p < 0.001), and partial pressure of carbon dioxide (CO2) and CO2 content significantly increased (p < 0.001). The nasopharyngeal temperature gradually increased at the rate of 0.01 to 0.03 degree C/min, but was maintained below 20 degrees C. These results reflect the fact that the aerobic metabolism of the brain is maintained during continuous retrograde cerebral perfusion due to oxygen and substrate availability. This technique offers the potential of metabolic support to the brain during deep hypothermic circulatory arrest and prolongs the safe time limits of deep hypothermic circulatory arrest in surgery of the aortic arch.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Selective Desulfurization of Dibenzothiophene by Rhodococcus erythropolis D-1.

A dibenzothiophene (DBT)-degrading bacterium, Rhodococcus erythropolis D-1, which utilized DBT as a sole source of sulfur, was isolated from soil. DBT was metabolized to 2-hydroxybiphenyl (2-HBP) by the strain, and 2-HBP was almost stoichiometrically accumulated as the dead-end metabolite of DBT degradation. DBT degradation by this strain was shown to proceed as DBT --> DBT sulfone --> 2-HBP. DBT at an initial concentration of 0.125 mM was completely degraded within 2 days of cultivation. DBT at up to 2.2 mM was rapidly degraded by resting cells within only 150 min. It was thought this strain had a higher DBT-desulfurizing ability than other microorganisms reported previously.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1994

The role of hepatitis C virus in hepatocellular carcinoma in Japan.

Increasing numbers of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have been reported in Japan. In this paper, we investigated the role of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in HCC and the reason for the increase, using patients admitted to our university hospital from 1945 to 1992. 99 (73%) of 135 patients with HCC were positive for anti-HCV. Prospective studies demonstrated that 22 of 158 (14%) patients with chronic hepatitis C, and 31 of 70 (44%) cirrhotic patients with anti-HCV developed to HCC during the follow-up period (10.1 +/- 3.3 and 7.3 +/- 3.5 years, respectively). Prolonged survival of cirrhotic patients during past decades would also contribute to the increasing number of HCC cases as well as the number of HCV infections in Japan.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1994

Tyrosine-specific protein kinase participates in the pathogenesis of acute immune complex alveolitis in rats.

Rabbit IgG antibodies against ovalbumin (OA) was injected intravenously into Wistar rats. When the animals were challenged with OA aerosolized by ultrasonic nebulization, acute lung injury occurred as reflected by increased recovery of bronchoalveolar cells, especially polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Lung morphology demonstrated cellular infiltration in the alveolar septa and intra-alveolar hemorrhage. When the rats were administered ST-638, a novel tyrosine kinase inhibitor, intraperitoneally prior to nebulization, the number of PMN in BALF decreased in a dose-dependent manner and superoxide anion (O2-)-producing activity in peripheral leukocytes was significantly suppressed. Furthermore, the reagent inhibited migration of human peripheral blood neutrophils induced by the chemotactic peptide f-met-leu-phe in vitro. These studies strongly indicate that tyrosine kinase plays an important role in immune complex-triggered neutrophil-related lung disorders, and the novel tyrosine kinase inhibitor ST-638 attenuates lung injury by preventing superoxide production and neutrophil migration.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Extracellular ATP regulates the proliferation of alveolar macrophages.

We examined the effects of extracellular ATP on the proliferation and synthesis of DNA by guinea pig alveolar macrophages (AM). AM proliferated spontaneously in vitro, their number doubling in 72 h. Such proliferation was completely inhibited by adding 1 mM ATP to the culture. The inhibition was dose dependent. ATP also suppressed the spontaneous synthesis of DNA by AM. The inhibitory effect of ATP was not related to cell damage, as the viability and the superoxide anion-generating activity of these cells were unaffected by treatment with ATP for 24 h. The order of potency of the adenosine nucleotides (ATP > ADP > AMP) reflected the character of the P2 purinoceptor. Theophylline inhibited the effect of ATP on the synthesis of DNA by AM to a level produced by the nonhydrolyzable analogue, ATP gamma S, but did not influence the effect of ATP gamma S. These data suggest that the effect of ATP on the synthesis of DNA was exerted mainly via the P2 purinoceptor (82.0%) and to a lesser extent via the P1 purinoceptor (12.6%). We found that small molecules in the lavage fluid inhibited the synthesis of DNA by AM. Thus, the extracellular ATP present in the alveolar lining fluid may participate in controlling the proliferation of AM.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1994

Association of thrombosis-inducing activity (TIA) with fatal hypercoagulable complications in patients with lung cancer.

We previously reported that thrombosis-inducing activity (TIA) is present in plasma from patients with advanced lung cancer. Of 73 patients with non-small cell lung cancer, stages IIIb and IV, 41 (56 percent) had such activity in plasma. The median survival time was significantly shorter in the TIA-positive vs the TIA-negative group. When 34 of those 73 patients who had died at Kyushu University Hospital were evaluated for the incidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), they were significantly higher in the TIA positive group (p < 0.05). The DIC occurred in 7 of 20 patients positive for TIA and 5 died of ARDS. In contrast, in the 14 TIA-negative subjects, only 1 patients experienced DIC and none died of ARDS. Peripheral platelet counts, which had been rather elevated on the day of hospital admission, were below normal within 1 week of death in 40 percent of the 20 patients who were positive for TIA. These observations suggest that TIA may be responsible at least in part for the increased activity of the coagulation system and the high incidence of DIC and ARDS in patients with advanced lung cancer.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[A chronic case of summer type hypersensitivity pneumonitis].

A 59-year-old woman complaining of progressive dyspnea on exertion was admitted to our hospital in August 1992. In 1983 she had experienced exertional dyspnea from August to November, then improved spontaneously. In August 1984, she was admitted to our hospital due to the recurrence of the symptom. She was diagnosed as summer type hypersensitivity pneumonitis based on the following findings, 1) detection of non-caseous granuloma by transbronchial lung biopsy, 2) detection of precipitating antibody to Trichosporon cutaneum in the serum, 3) induction of the symptom by provocation test with the fungi, 4) isolation of the fungi from her house. In spite of moving from her house after discharge, she continued to visit her former house once a week to clean it. During the period, fibrotic changes on the chest roentgenogram were slowly progressive. In August 1992, ten years after the onset, she was re-admitted to our hospital with a complaint of exacerbated dyspnea on exertion. Open lung biopsy revealed granulomatous lesions with fibrotic changes, which was compatible with chronic type hypersensitivity pneumonitis. This patient was diagnosed as a chronic case of summer type hypersensitivity pneumonitis because of the clinical course and findings of open lung biopsy as well as laboratory data at the first admission. We consider that this case offer various information in considering the mechanism of chronic progress of summer type hypersensitivity pneumonitis.

Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic↗