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Biomedical subjects

H Ochi

Publications and source records attributed to H Ochi.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Effect of Streptococcus lactis preparation in diet of mice on inhibiting age-dependent loss of superoxide dismutase activity in tissues.

SL-diet was prepared using commercial pellets supplemented with 1% pulverized Streptococcus lactis (SL). SL fed group of ICR strain mice were bred from 8 weeks up to 75 weeks. End-point age for survival in these mice was approximately 75 weeks. No significant differences in survival rate were observed at 75 weeks between the commercial diet and SL-diet group. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in the liver, brain and erythrocytes of 75-week-old mice significantly decreased compared with those aged 10 weeks. Cu.Zn-SOD and Mn-SOD activities in the liver and brain of SL-diet mice were maintained in similar degree in the juvenile group, however, decreased significantly in the commercial diet group. SOD in erythrocytes was slightly decreased and no significant difference was noted in either group.

Aging↗
PubMed1989

Common fragile sites in chromosomes of bone marrow cells and peripheral blood lymphocytes from healthy persons and leukemia patients.

Frequency and distribution of aphidicolin-induced fragile sites (c-fra) on chromosomes of both peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) and bone marrow (BM) from 15 leukemia patients were studied in comparison with 22 PBL and six BM samples from healthy volunteers. In normal controls, the most frequent c-fra was 3p14 in PBL, but it was 4q21-25 in BM. The second most frequent site was 16q23 in PBL, but it was 7q11.2 in BM. These differences in fragile sites between PBL and BM may be related to distinct functions of cells in different tissues. The total number of breaks in PBL and BM showed a significant difference among individuals, but the sites were generally common. The frequency of breaks in PBL from leukemia patients was higher than in controls when the leukemic cells had any karyotypic abnormalities. In leukemia without karyotypic abnormalities and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with (15:17), the frequency of breaks fell within normal or slightly above normal ranges. Breaks at 3p14 (22.0% of total breaks), 16q23 (7.3%), 7q32 (4.3%), Xp22 (3.7%), and 6q26 (2.9%) were frequent in PBL from seven AML patients. Breaks at 4q21-25 (2.1%), 7q22 (2.2%), 7q32, and Xp22 were more frequently induced than in controls, and 1p32 (0.1%), 3p14, 6q26, and 16q23 were less often expressed than in controls. On the other hand, PBL from acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients showed a higher frequency of breaks only at 1p22 (3.4%) and the frequency of breaks at 3p14 (30.2%) decreased (p less than 0.05). The PBL from AML patients with t(8;21) (q22;q22) showed breaks at 8q22 and 8q24, and the frequencies were significantly higher than those of other types of leukemia or in controls (p less than 0.001). The results of this study suggest that fragility of chromosomes may be related to the chromosomal rearrangement in or predisposition to leukemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Heterogeneity of the L-rhamnose residue in the outer core of Pseudomonas aeruginosa lipopolysaccharide, characterized by using human monoclonal antibodies.

Hybridoma cell lines producing human monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) MH-4H7 and KN-2B11 [immunoglobulin M (lambda)] which bound to the outer core region of Pseudomonas aeruginosa lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were established by cell fusion of human peripheral lymphocytes with human-mouse heteromyeloma SHM D-33. Both binding specificity experiments with a series of LPS-defective mutants derived from P. aeruginosa PAC1R (P. S. N. Rowe and P. M. Meadow, Eur. J. Biochem.132:329-337, 1983) and competitive enzyme immunoassay experiments with monosaccharides demonstrated that alpha-L-rhamnose residues in the outer core of LPS might be in part an epitope. The MAbs specifically bound to clinical isolates belonging to Homma serotypes A, F, G, and K at a frequency of 70 to 86% and to serotypes H and M isolates at about 50%. They did not bind to any isolates of serotype B, E, and I tested. This evidence indicates that L-rhamnose and probably its neighboring residues in the other core of P. aeruginosa are heterogeneous in some association with the O serotype.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Isovolumic relaxation period as an index of left ventricular relaxation under different afterload conditions--comparison with the time constant of left ventricular pressure decay in the dog.

In order to determine whether isovolumic relaxation period (IRP) reflects left ventricular relaxation under different afterload conditions, 17 anesthetized, open chest dogs were studied, and the left ventricular pressure decay time constant (T) was calculated. In 12 dogs, angiotensin II and nitroprusside were administered, with the heart rate constant at 90 beats/min. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the aortic dicrotic notch pressure (AoDNP) and T were major determinants of IRP, while left ventricular end-diastolic pressure was a minor determinant. Multiple linear regression analysis, correlating T with IRP and AoDNP, did not further improve the correlation coefficient compared with that between T and IRP. We concluded that correction of the IRP by AoDNP is not necessary to predict T from additional multiple linear regression. The effects of ascending aortic constriction or angiotensin II on IRP were examined in five dogs, after pretreatment with propranolol. Aortic constriction caused a significant decrease in IRP and T, while angiotensin II produced a significant increase in IRP and T. IRP was affected by the change of afterload. However, the IRP and T values were always altered in the same direction. These results demonstrate that IRP is substituted for T and it reflects left ventricular relaxation even in different afterload conditions. We conclude that IRP is a simple parameter easily used to evaluate left ventricular relaxation in clinical situations.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1989

Expression of fragile site 8q22 in peripheral blood lymphocytes taken from patients with acute leukemia M2 having t(8;21)(q22;q22).

The relation between the expression of common fragile sites and chromosomal breakpoints in neoplastic cells in the same patients has not been well studied. In the present study, the frequency and distribution of aphidicolin-induced breaks on chromosomes 8 and 21 in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) taken from three patients with acute myeloid leukemia, French-American-British classification type M2, having chromosomal translocation t(8;21)(q22;q22) (M2t) were studied prior to any initial treatment. Seven patients with other types of acute leukemia without t(8;21) and 13 healthy people were also studied. In PBL from patients with M2t, the numbers of chromosomal breaks were 1, 7 and 3/216 metaphasees at bands 8q21, 8q22 and 8q24, respectively; the frequencies at 8q22 and 8q24 being significantly higher than those for patients with the other leukemias and for the healthy subjects (p less than 0.001 and p less than 0.01, respectively). These results suggest that the fragility on chromosome 8q21-24 is related to a predisposition to this particular type of leukemia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Evaluation of the formation of esophageal varices by per-rectal portal scintigraphy].

Portal circulation in patients with liver diseases was evaluated by 99mTc-pertechnetate per-rectal portal scintigraphy, and we retrospectively examined the relationship between the extent of abnormality in the portal circulation and the development of esophageal varices. The per-rectal portal shunt index (PRPSI) was calculated for 13 healthy subjects and 79 patients with chronic hepatitis and 214 with cirrhosis of the liver. In the healthy subjects, the mean PRPSI was 4.8%. In the patients with hepatitis, the mean PRPSI was 8.4%, and in the patients with cirrhosis, it was 48.5%. The PRPSI was significantly higher in the cirrhotic patients with esophageal varices than in the without, and also in the cirrhotic patients with encephalopathy than in those without. The cumulative incidence of esophageal varices in the 3 years of the study in patients whose PRPSI was 20% or over was significantly higher than that in patients whose PRPSI was under 20%. The results suggested that this non-invasive method should be useful for predictions of the formation of esophageal varices.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Measurement of regional hepatic blood flow with 133Xe per-rectal portal scintigraphy].

The hepatic blood flow (HBF) of patients with liver disease was measured by per-rectal portal scintigraphy with the use of 133Xe. To analyze the time-activity curves of the liver and portal vein, washout curves of the liver were plotted, and from those, the HBF and the ratio of the HBF of the right lobe of the liver to that of the left lobe (R/L ratio) were calculated. The HBF were 143 +/- 17 ml/100 g/min in 5 patients with chronic inactive hepatitis, 119 +/- 20 ml/100 g/min in 4 patients with chronic active hepatitis, and 73.2 +/- 23.4 ml/100 g/min in 7 patients with cirrhosis of the liver. All of four patients whose HBF was under 100 ml/100 g/min and whose R/L ratio was under 1.0 had cirrhosis of the liver. Only one of the 9 patients whose HBF was over 100 ml/100 g/min and whose R/L ratio was over 1.0 had cirrhosis of the liver. The results suggested that per-rectal portal scintigraphy is a useful and noninvasive method to measure the hepatic blood flow.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1989

[Bone scintigraphy of metastatic calcifications].

The bone scintigrams of 4 cases with metastatic calcification in the lung, stomach and myocardium were presented. These four cases were malignancy with hypercalcemia. Metastatic calcifications were not able to be detected by radiographs and CT. Therefore, bone scan seems to be the most useful method for detection of metastatic calcification.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Factor analysis of bone mineral dynamics in patients with renal osteodystrophy].

Remarkably high accumulation of Tc-99m-MDP is seen in the skull on bone scintigraphy of patients with renal osteodystrophy (ROD), especially with secondary hyperparathyroidism. For the quantitative evaluation, the Factor Analysis (FA) was used for the early phase of bone scan. Tc-99m-MDP (14.8 MBq/body weight kg) was injected as a bolus through the medial antecubital vein. Dynamic acquisition of 40 x 30 sec frames were performed in a 64 x 64 matrix. For pre-processing, nine points smoothing was carried out, and then the region of interest was set on the frontal image of the head for the FA. The FA was performed with an 8 x 8 sampling corresponding to 64 dixels from 4,096 dixels. Bone factor was clearly extracted by the FA. Then, two original parameters were calculated. One is the bone radionuclide uptake counts (Bu) which is the product of the total radionuclide counts of skull and the contribution ratio, the other is the uptake ratio (Br) derived by the time activity curve (physiological component) of the FA. These parameters of ROD were significantly different compared to those of controls. The FA seems to be useful in quantitative evaluation of bone mineral dynamics.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Chromosome fragility of lymphocytes from breast cancer patients in relation to epidemiologic data.

The chromosomal fragility of peripheral blood lymphocytes from 50 women, undergoing operations for breast tumors (47 carcinomas, 2 intraductal papillomatoses and 1 malignant lymphoma) was studied to ascertain the association between chromosome fragility and epidemiologic data, such as a family or personal history of cancer, hormonal status, etc. Under conditions of folic acid and thymidine depletion, the average number of gaps and breaks on the patients' lymphocyte chromosome was 6.02 +/- 5.28 and that in the control medium was 2.0 +/- 2.0 while those of healthy controls were 5.8 +/- 5.5 and 1.36 +/- 1.22. These gaps and breaks were mostly seen in group A chromosomes (4.1 +/- 2.6) in 24 patients, including the 2 with benign tumors and the 1 with the lymphoma as well as 11 healthy controls. They were frequent in group B (3.0 +/- 0) in 3 patients, in group C (4.3 +/- 2.9) in 11 patients, and in groups D (2.0 +/- 1.0) and E (3.0 +/- 1.0) in 3 patients from each. This different distribution of gaps and breaks correlated neither with the patients' age nor with their tumor's histology, but patients having a late menarche were distributed in non-A groups. There was low inducibility of breaks in patients with a family history of breast cancer and/or relatively rare cancers. The availability of common fragile sites for studying an individual's susceptibility to cancer is discussed. One patient showed a bromodeoxyuridine-requiring heritable 10q25 fragile site. Another, with triple primary cancers, showed a constitutional translocation of t(5;19)(q15;q13).

Adult↗
PubMed1988

New heritable fragile site on chromosome 8 induced by distamycin A.

A possible new heritable fragile site at band 8q24.1, which is known to be a breakpoint in various cancers and contains the c-myc locus, was found in the lymphocytes from a woman with mastopathy. This fragile site was induced by distamycin A treatment, and expressed as gaps and breaks in 18% of the metaphases examined. The lymphocytes from one of her two sons examined also revealed gaps or breaks at the same site of chromosome 8 in 34% of the metaphases. This fragile 8q24.1 band is considered to be a new heritable fragile site induced by distamycin A.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Technical study for SPECT of the head using slant hole collimator].

The performance of a 160 keV slant hole collimator (160 keV SH) was compared with that of a 140 keV high resolution collimator (140 keV HR) for SPECT imaging of the head using 99mTc. The minimum radius of revolution was reduced from about 23 cm to 13 cm using 160 keV SH. Relative sensitivity of the 160 keV SH was 108% of that of the 140 keV HR. Compared with SPECT using 140 keV HR, 160 keV SH SPECT yielded approximately a 15% increase in resolution. The 160 keV SH SPECT images of phantom were superior in resolution and contrast to that of 140 keV HR SPECT. We concluded that high quality SPECT images of the head can be obtained from rotating gamma cameras equipped with slant hole collimators.

Head↗
PubMed1988

[Fundamental study of the influence of pixel size on the quality of scintigrams].

The effect of pixel size on image quality was investigated. The image quality was examined by abnormality detection and image preference for clinical images displayed with different pixel sizes. Smaller pixel size was found to be superior to large one in image quality using large field of gamma camera (FWHM 6.42 mm), 1.6mm pixel size (a 256 x 256 matrix) was found to be the best in image quality. Examined image minification effect, 3.2 mm pixel size (image size: 5 cm phi) was found to be superior to 1.6 mm pixel size (image size: 10 cm phi) in image preference and to be almost equal to 1.6 pixel size in abnormality detection.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1988

Portal circulation by technetium-99m pertechnetate per-rectal portal scintigraphy.

Portal circulation in patients with chronic liver diseases was evaluated by [99mTc]pertechnetate per-rectal scintigraphy. Technetium-99m pertechnetate (10 mCi) was instilled into the upper rectum, and serial scintigrams were taken. Radioactivity curves for the liver and heart were then recorded sequentially. Through analysis of these curves, the per-rectal portal shunt index (Sl) was calculated for six healthy subjects and 228 patients, 59 with chronic hepatitis, seven with idiopathic portal hypertension, six with primary biliary cirrhosis, and 156 with cirrhosis. In the healthy subjects, the Sl was 1.9-5.2% (mean 4.1%). In hepatitis, the mean Sl was 7.1%, and in cirrhosis, 52.9%. The Sl was higher in cirrhotic patients with esophageal varices than in those without (p less than 0.001), and in cirrhotic patients with encephalopathy than in those without (p less than 0.01). For some patients with portal hypertension, portal collateral circulation could be depicted, and images of changes in the portal collateral circulation after vascular anastomosis were seen.

Administration, Rectal↗
PubMed1988

[Detection of left ventricular thrombi after acute myocardial infarction using Ga-67-DFO-DAS-fibrinogen].

Ga-67-DFO-DAS-fibrinogen (Ga-fbg) scintigraphy, a new radiopharmaceutical method, was performed for detecting intraventricular thrombi following acute myocardial infarction in five patients. The thrombi in four of them were detected by two-dimensional echocardiography (2DE) and that in the fifth patient was suspected during magnetic resonance imaging. Imaging of the heart was performed using a scinticamera with a medium energy collimator and multiple views (anterior, LAO 30 degrees, LAO 45 degrees, and lateral) three and four days after the intravenous administration of Ga-fbg. By Ga-fbg scintigraphy, intraventricular thrombi were detected in four patients. The size of the thrombi visualized by Ga-fbg appeared larger than those by 2DE. In one patient examined again after anticoagulant therapy, a thrombus was missed by 2-DE, but it was detected by Ga-fbg, though the radioactivity of the thrombus decreased. We concluded that Ga-fbg scintigraphy is a very simple method and sufficiently useful for detecting active left ventricular thrombi and for monitoring the effect of anticoagulant therapy. It could be more sensitive than 2DE for determining the extent of an active intraventricular thrombus.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Encephalocele, polycystic kidneys, and polydactyly with other defects. A necropsy case of Meckel syndrome and a review of literature.

Meckel syndrome, which is diagnosed by 2 of 3 main congenital malformations such as a occipital encephalocele, polycystic kidneys, and polydactyly, is an autosomally inherited recessive disease. We have experienced a case of Meckel syndrome and performed necropsy. Necropsy findings revealed multiple congenital malformations with occipital meningo-encephalocele and agenesis of the cerebellum, 6 digits on the hands and feet, polycystic kidneys. The criteria of Meckel syndrome is still unclear. We propose that the diagnosis of this syndrome may be accompanied by the presence of all triad of main malformations. Ninety four cases satisfying this criteria have been reported in the world literature. Several discussion were made from a review of the literature.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1987

[Fundamental study for SPECT imaging with 123I produced by (p, 5n) reaction].

The effects of higher-energy photon from 123I (p, 5n) on the SPECT image quality were evaluated. The quality was evaluated by image contrast and %rms. Image contrast had similar tendency to planar and SPECT FWHM value. %rms was affected by septal penetration. Using 140 keV high resolution collimator (140 keV HR), image contrast was superior to that for 300 keV medium energy collimator (300 keV ME), but septal penetration rate (SPR) was 18% and %rms was 10.5. When quantitation is required, the collimator with less SPR than 18% is recommended for SPECT imaging. Using 300 keV ME, SPR was 0.05%, but spatial resolution and image contrast were inferior to that for 140 keV HR.

Iodine Radioisotopes↗