Theory of coherent x-ray radiation by relativistic particles in a single crystal.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Journal Article↗
Biomedical subjects
H Nitta
Publications and source records attributed to H Nitta.
[Distribution of myocardial damage in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: evaluation by exercise thallium-201 scintigraphy].
The characteristic of myocardial damage in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) was evaluated as to whether the damage is limited to the hypertrophied wall or extends throughout the entire wall. The myocardial damage was detected by exercise thallium-201 (Tl-201) scintigraphy and was evaluated using circumferential profile analysis, calculation of initial uptake and washout rate. Eleven patients with asymmetrical hypertrophy (ASH), whose septal and posterior wall thickness ratio exceeded 1.3 on left ventriculography and biventriculography, and 13 age-matched control subjects without heart disease were studied. The mean values of initial uptake in both groups did not differ significantly, but the washout rate for the entire heart was significantly decreased only in the HCM group (p < 0.05). All of the regional washout rates (antero-septal, apical and postero-lateral) were significantly decreased in the HCM group (p < 0.05), without any difference between the hypertrophied wall and the non-thickened free wall being noted. These results demonstrated that the analysis of myocardial damage by exercise Tl-201 scintigraphy using calculation of the washout rate is a very sensitive means of detecting myocardial damage in HCM, and that such myocardial damage is not restricted to the hypertrophied wall, but rather extends to the entire wall, including the free wall which is not thickened.
Aged↗
Incorporation of fatty acids by Streptococcus mutans.
In a series of investigations into the cariogenicity of Streptococcus mutans, we studied the incorporation of exogenous fatty acids with reference to glucosyltransferase secretion and membrane fatty acid changes. When cells were grown with different fatty acids, both saturated and unsaturated fatty acids were readily incorporated into the membrane lipids and were biotransformed and elongated preferentially to the longer 16- and 18-carbon-chain fatty acids. This incorporation and chain-elongation led to significant changes in fatty acids composition. By adding fatty acids to the medium, it was possible to appropriately modify the degree of unsaturation and the relative ratio between specific fatty acids in the membrane lipids of S. mutans.
Fatty Acids↗
Immunohistochemical localization of tissue-type plasminogen activator in the lining wall of chronic subdural hematoma.
Capsules of chronic subdural hematoma were immunohistochemically stained with monoclonal antibody against tissue-type plasminogen activator. Endothelial cells of sinusoids and capillaries in the outer membrane showed strong immunostaining. Endothelial cells of veins and arteries in the dura mater showed moderate and weak staining. No cells other than the endothelial cells were stained. In the inner membrane, tissue-type plasminogen activator immunoreactivity was not seen. The mean concentration of tissue-type plasminogen activator in the hematoma content was higher than that in the plasma. The more the sinusoids in the outer membrane were developed, the higher the concentration of tissue-type plasminogen activator contained in the hematoma fluid. In chronic subdural hematoma, overproduction and oversecretion of tissue-type plasminogen activator from the sinusoidal and capillary endothelial cells in the outer membrane cause increased fibrinolysis, which in turn impairs hemostasis, and hemorrhage from the capillaries recurs, resulting in enlargement of the chronic subdural hematoma.
Adult↗
Immunolocalization of steroidogenic cells in small follicles of the chicken ovary: anatomical arrangement and location of steroidogenic cells change during follicular development.
Previous anatomical and histochemical studies suggested that interstitial cells were the only steroidogenic cells in the theca layer of small follicles of the chicken ovary. However, the precise cellular site of steroid production in the small follicles is not certain. Therefore, our goal was to identify steroidogenic cells in small follicles (less than 10 mm in diameter) of the chicken ovary which have not entered the follicular hierarchy by localizing steroidogenic enzymes with immunocytochemistry. Polyclonal antisera used were anti-cholesterol side-chain-cleavage cytochrome P450 (P450scc), anti-17 alpha-hydroxylase cytochrome P450 (P450c17), and anti-aromatase cytochrome P450 (P450arom) for pregnenolone-, androgen-, and estrogen-producing cells, respectively. Ovaries were collected 2 hr after oviposition and embedded in Paraplast after fixation with 4% paraformaldehyde, 10% formaldehyde, or Bouin's solution. Tissues were sectioned (4-6 microns) and sections were mounted on poly-L-lysine coated slides. Sections were incubated overnight at room temperature with each specific antiserum raised in rabbits against cytochrome P450 steroidogenic enzymes or normal rabbit serum as a control and were immunostained with an avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex. Immunoreactivity for the P450 enzymes was absent in the granulosa layer but was present in the theca layer of the small follicles (less than 10 mm in diameter). Interstitial cells in the single theca layer of cortical follicles embedded in the ovarian cortex (less than 1 mm in diameter) contained P450scc and P450c17. Cells which contained P450arom, identified as aromatase cells, surrounded the interstitial cells in the theca layer.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Animals↗
Multiple steroidogenic cell populations in the thecal layer of preovulatory follicles of the chicken ovary.
The thecal layer of the preovulatory follicle of the chicken ovary produces primarily androgens and estrogens. However, the precise cellular sites of androgen and estrogen synthesis in the thecal layer have not been identified. Therefore, our aims were 1) to identify steroidogenic cells in the thecal layer of the preovulatory follicles by localizing specific steroidogenic enzymes in these cells by immunocytochemistry, and 2) to confirm that these cells which contained the specific steroidogenic enzymes secreted the expected steroid in a short term cell incubation. Follicles were collected 2 h after oviposition and prepared for immunocytochemistry and short term cell incubation. Immunocytochemistry for cholesterol side-chain cleavage cytochrome P450 (P450SCC), 17 alpha-hydroxylase cytochrome P450 (P450C17), and aromatase cytochrome P450 (P450AROM) was performed to localize pregnenolone-, androgen-, and estrogen-producing cells, respectively, on frozen sections and paraffin sections of the five largest preovulatory follicles. Interstitial cells showed immunoreactivity for both P450SCC and P450C17, whereas a specific cell population of the theca externa, hereafter termed aromatase cells, showed immunoreactivity for P450AROM. Furthermore, fibroblasts in the theca externa indicated immunoreactivity for P450C17. The immunoreactivity of P450C17 and P450AROM enzymes in specific cells in the theca externa appeared to decrease with follicular maturation. The third largest, fourth largest, and fifth largest follicles were selected for short term cell incubations because the immunoreactivity for P450 enzymes in the thecal layer of these follicles was high. Isolated theca interna cells, theca externa cells, and a combination of interna and externa cells were incubated with/without ovine LH (oLH) for 3 h. The medium was assayed for progesterone, testosterone, and 17 beta-estradiol by RIAs. Incubation of theca interna cells with oLH increased progesterone and testosterone production in a dose-dependent manner. However, we did not observe any production of progesterone and testosterone by theca externa cells. Theca externa cells produced 17 beta-estradiol, and its production was increased significantly when theca interna and externa cells were coincubated in the present of oLH. Based on these data, we propose a multiple cell theory for steroidogenesis in the thecal layer of preovulatory follicles of the chicken ovary which states that interstitial cells in the theca interna produce progestins and androgens, fibroblasts in the theca externa may function as an additional site for the conversion of progestins to androgens, and aromatase cells in the theca externa require androgens as substrate to produce estrogens.
Animals↗
[Rapidly progressive periodontitis combined with plasma cell gingivitis: a case report].
A case of rapidly progressive periodontitis combined with plasma cell gingivitis with marked enlargement of the gingiva was presented. Clinically, in the plasma cell gingivitis, the gingiva appear red, friable and bleed easily; usually it does not induce loss of attachment. Histologically, a dense infiltration of the normal plasma cells in the connective tissue is a common finding. A hypersensitivity reaction to some antigens, often flavorings or spices, is generally recognized. In this case, a rapidly progressive loss of attachment was observed, so rapidly progressive periodontitis was diagnosed. Differential diagnosis of the plasma cell gingivitis could be determined by histological and ultrastructural examination. Allergens, however, could not be identified. Conventional periodontal therapy, including intensive plaque control, could not cure the plasma cell gingivitis completely but recurrence of gingival enlargement and loss of attachment could be well controlled.
Adolescent↗
[Genetic control of antibody response to Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in mice].
The purpose of this study was to determine the genetic control of the primary antibody response of inbred strains of mice against sonicated extract from Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, a representative periodontal pathogen. Three groups of inbred mice strains, six independent strains, six H-2 congenic strains (B10(H-2b), B10. A (H-2a), B10. BR (H-2k), B10. D2 (H-2d), A/J (H-2a), A. BY (H-2b))nd four intra-H-2 recombinant strains (B10(Kb, I-Ak, I-E-, Db), B10. A (4R) (Kk, I-Ak, I-Eb, Db), B10. A (5R) (Kb, I-Ab, I-Ek, Dd), B10. MBR Kb, I-Ak, I-Ek, Dq] were examined on the basis of serum antibody titers to A. actinomycetemcomitans by the ELISA and of the band appearance by Western blot analysis. The levels of antibody titers varied within the first group and between A/J (H-2a) and A. BY (H-2b) in the second group. Western blot analysis showed two kinds of bands: a) constant bands appearing in all strains and b) specific bands appearing only in the distinct groups of strains. One of the latter kind of band, at 65kDa, was unique to the H-2b strains (B10, B6, A. BY) in the first and second groups and the I-Ab strains (B10 and B10. A (5R] in the third group. These results indicated that the immune response to some antigens of A. actinomycetemcomitans was influenced by the genetic background, and the immune response to some of these, such as the 65kDa antigen, was controlled by the gene in the H-2 complex.
Actinobacillus↗
[Epidemiological studies of air pollution and health effects in areas near roadways with heavy traffic in Tokyo].
Recent concern regarding health effects of air pollution in Japan has concentrated mainly on traffic-induced air pollution and its health effects in large cities. In Japan, where many people in large cities have been living near major roadways, the increase of automobile exhaust due to heavy traffic congestion will predictably cause a greater impact on people living near major roadways. We surveyed the characterization of residential suspended particulate matter (SPM) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentrations along the major roadways in Tokyo, along with a health survey on the respiratory conditions of residents living in the same area, to examine the relationships between indoor pollutant levels, prevalence of respiratory symptoms and distance from roadways. The environmental monitoring was conducted in five phases. Using a newly developed SPM sampler and NO2 filter badge, continuous 4 day (96 hours) measurements were conducted in two hundred residential homes for four weeks. NO2 was measured in the living room, kitchen and outside of each home, while SPM was monitored in the living room. Health information was collected in October 1987 using ATS-DLD self-administered questionnaires. Of the 1,093 homes investigated, responses from 805 homes were received. The following results were obtained. SPM and NO2 concentrations showed large variations. Indoor pollution levels mostly depended on indoor sources, i.e. cigarette smoking and unventilated space heaters, and the effects of those indoor sources were influenced by the building structure with respect to air tightness. An association between increase in pollutant levels and the distance from the roadway was observed. However its effect is small compared to indoor source effects. The prevalence rate of respiratory symptoms was higher in those areas nearest roadways with heavy traffic both in children and adults. These results suggest the presence of a relationship between automobile exhaust and health effects.
Adult↗
An ultrastructural and immunohistochemical study of extracellular matrix in meningiomas.
Extracellular matrix of meningiomas was studied by light and electron microscopy with the aid of immunohistochemical techniques. Special attention was paid to the distribution of type I, III, IV, V collagens and laminin with a comparison between meningothelial and fibroblastic types. Connective tissue fibers and basement membrane were not found among the tumor cells in the meningothelial type, but were found in the fibroblastic type. The immunolocalizations were consistently demonstrated extracellularly, but were not within the cytoplasm. Type I, III and V collagens were usually demonstrated in the fibrous septum in the meningothelial type, while they were localized among the tumor cells in the fibroblastic type. Furthermore, type IV collagen and laminin were demonstrated within the vascular walls or around the syncytium in the meningothelial type, while they were localized among the tumor cells in the fibroblastic type. In both types the expression of type IV collagen and laminin was closely related to the distribution of basement membrane. Although meningothelial and fibroblastic meningiomas showed quite different distribution of extracellular matrices, the profile of collagen types expressed by these two basic types was essentially the same. The cellular derivation of meningiomas was discussed with particular attention to the structure of human arachnoid villi and meninges.
Collagen↗
Association between HLA system and periodontal diseases.
HLA system plays an important role in the regulation of the immune response. Association between HLA genes and disease has been shown for several disorders, in particular auto-immune diseases. HLA system may also be associated with periodontal diseases. It has been suggested that HLA-A2 is related to resistance in juvenile periodontitis and A9 to susceptibility in juvenile periodontitis (JP) and rapidly progressive periodontitis (RPP). DR2, DR4 and DQw1 may also be susceptibility factors in JP and RPP. If implicated in periodontal diseases, HLA system may be associated with low or non-responsiveness to plaque bacterial antigens which could result in disease progression.
Aggressive Periodontitis↗
[Congenital cerebellar ataxia: a comparative study of clinical data and morphometrical findings of CT and MRI].
We reported clinical features and CT, MRI findings on cerebellum and brain stem in nine patients with congenital cerebellar ataxia (CCA) which was diagnosed by Hagberg's criteria. The patients were aged from 2 years to 14 years; five males and four females. CT and MRI were performed in nine cases and six cases, respectively. The patients were compared with sixty normal controls on CT, and with eight normal controls on MRI, aged from 1 year to 15 years. Five cases without perinatal brain insults showed abnormal findings in the cerebellum on CT and MRI. One case out of five cases showed abnormal finding only by MRI and not apparent by CT. Four cases with neonatal asphyxia did not show abnormal findings in the cerebellum. But the measurements of CT and MRI disclosed slightly abnormal values. Cerebrum and brain stem were though to be almost normal except for cavum Vergae of one case. There were no close correlation between clinical symptoms and abnormal findings in the cerebellum on CT and MRI. The etiology of CCA was thought to be heterogeneous, judging from CT and MRI. At least there were two causes; prenatal brain insults and perinatal brain insults. The degree of cerebellar lesion was thought to be various by its etiology.
Adolescent↗
[A case of leptomeningeal angiomatosis clinically improved by flunarizine].
A 3-year-old boy was reported, who suffered from attacks of hemiconvulsion and hemiparesis. Carotid angiography showed anomalous cerebral venous drainage with a decrease in the number of superficial cortical veins, and dilatation of medullary veins and deep veins. Brain scanning demonstrated abnormality of regional cerebral blood flow and delay of both uptake and drainage of radionuclide. These are similar to the findings known in Sturge-Weber disease, so that a leptomeningeal angiomatosis was strongly suggested. Flunarizine which has a cerebral vasodilating effect improved his clinical symptoms significantly, and his attack disappeared completely.
Angiomatosis↗
Secondary electron emission by channeled positrons and electrons.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Journal Article↗
Liberation of eosinophil granules in the inner capsule of chronic subdural hematomas.
The role of eosinophilic infiltration in the inner capsule was studied in 35 consecutive cases of chronic subdural hematomas. The eosinophilic infiltration in the inner capsule was microscopically observed in 10 of the 22 cases which were associated with the infiltration in the outer capsule. The majority of eosinophils were ultrastructurally fully granulated and contained numerous glycogen granules. In contrast, some eosinophils were undergoing marked cellular disruption or necrosis with a resultant liberation of secretion granules. This was confirmed in all of the 10 cases. The free granules were closely apposed to fibrin strands which were interwoven with a number of disintegrating inflammatory cells. The inner capsule was usually adhered by massive fibrinous clot and the remaining liquified hematoma contained low levels of fibrinogen and high levels of FDP. Secretion granules of the eosinophils were previously demonstrated to contain plasminogen or cytotoxic material. Accordingly, the eosinophils conceivably contribute to both the fluidity of subdural clot and the disruption of inflammatory cells in chronic subdural hematomas.
Aged↗
[Synthetic cephalosporins. V. Synthesis and antibacterial activity of 3-alkylthio-7 beta-[(Z)-2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-(O-substituted oxyimino)acetamido]cephalosporins and related compounds].
3-Alkylthio-7 beta-[(Z)-2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-(O-substituted oxyimino)acetamido]cephalosporins (6 and 7) and the 3-methoxy analogues (10) were prepared by coupling diphenylmethyl 7-amino-3-alkylthio-3-cephem-4-carboxylate (1 and 2) or diphenylmethyl 7-amino-3-methoxy-3-cephem-4-carboxylate with (Z)-2-(2-tritylaminothiazol-4-yl)-2-(O-substituted oxyimino)acetic acid (4), followed by deprotection and subjected to examination of antibacterial activities. The pivaloyloxymethyl esters (8 and 9) of the compounds (6 and 7) were also prepared and oral activities of these esters were compared with those of the parent compounds (6 and 7). The cephalosporins (6a-j and 7a-c) had potent and wide antibacterial spectra against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria which were comparable to those of cefixime or cefteram. Among them, the cephalosporins (6f and 7c) and the pivaloyloxymethyl esters (8b and 9b) had good in vivo efficacy in mice against infections of Escherichia coli No. 29 and especially 8b showed high urinary recovery in mice.
Animals↗
Ultrastructural immunogold labelling of vimentin filaments on postembedding ultrathin sections of arachnoid villi and meningiomas.
An immunoelectron microscopic technique for the labelling of vimentin intermediate filaments on postembedding ultrathin sections is reported. Arachnoid villi obtained at autopsy and meningiomas at surgery were fixed in 1% paraformaldehyde for 30 minutes, embedded without postfixation in Epon-Araldite mixture and polymerized at 37 degrees C for 3 weeks. Ultrathin sections were etched in 2% KOH for 3 minutes and incubated with anti-vimentin monoclonal antibodies which were subsequently labelled with goat anti-mouse IgG coupled to colloidal golds. All of these labelling procedures were consistently performed within 4 hours. In both arachnoidal and meningioma cells, immunogolds preferentially decorated the intermediate filaments in proportion to the concentration. Very few gold particles were seen over the nucleus, Golgi zone, mitochondria and the extracellular connective tissue fibres. The present technique may be applied to the immunogold labelling of intermediate filaments on postembedding ultrathin sections.
Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
[Cardiovascular involvement and Ca, Mg dynamics in animals with experimentally induced diabetes mellitus].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Animals↗