[Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia with an initial symptom of panniculitis].
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Adipose Tissue↗
Biomedical subjects
H Nishimura
Publications and source records attributed to H Nishimura.
Chromosomal aberrations in adult T cell leukemia: relationship to the clinical severity.
A chromosome study was performed in 18 patients with adult T cell leukemia (ATL), who were divided into three groups according to their clinical manifestations: nine had acute ATL, six had chronic ATL, and three had smoldering ATL. Mitotic cells were obtained from peripheral blood, lymph node, or bone marrow and were analyzed by the G-banding technique. In acute ATL, the chromosome number ranged from diploid or pseudodiploid to hyperdiploid; in the chronic type, from hypodiploid to hyperdiploid; but in the smoldering type, it was diploid. Eight of nine patients with acute ATL had trisomy 3 and/or trisomy 7, whereas none of those with chronic ATL exhibited these aberrations. Patients with smoldering ATL had a normal karyotype. The present findings indicate that the more aggressive the clinical course of ATL, the more complex the numerical and structural chromosome abnormality.
Adult↗
[Fucosidosis with angiokeratoma corporis diffusum].
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Adolescent↗
[Assessment of cases with ovarian cancer stage I].
In the therapy of primary ovarian cancer in which the tumor is located in one ovary, radical operation including the uterus and contralateral ovary is performed in principle even in the case of young patients. However, there have been only a few results reported on the primary cases in our country, and the radical operation is adopted at present in line with western policy. In the present study, the authors examined mainly the prognosis of 49 patients with primary ovarian cancer (stage Ia, 25 cases; stage Ib, 2 cases; stage Ic, 22 cases), and the following results were obtained. Among 25 cases at stage Ia, the radical operation was performed on 14 cases, and only the conservative operation was performed on the remaining 11 cases. All of the latter are still well. Only one died among patients at stage Ia. Therefore, in these cases, complete treatments were done, including radical operation, postoperative irradiation and chemotherapy, and second look operation. The prognosis of the patients at Ic was worse than that at IIa + b. Therefore, it was felt to be necessary to treat them as progressive cancer. There was no difference between the prognoses of the conservative and radical operations even at stage Ic. Thus, problems such as functional maintenance were thought to be taken into consideration. Risk factors considered were tissue type, amount of ascites, capsular rhexis, and advanced age, etc. Since the prognosis after the second look operation was good, it was considered to be a treatment which should be introduced actively, even at stage I.
Adenocarcinoma↗
[Phase II study of 4'-O-tetrahydropyranyl-adriamycin (THP-ADM) in patients with gynecological cancer].
We conducted a joint phase II study in 76 patients with gynecological cancer (42 patients with ovarian cancer, 22 patients with cervical cancer, 10 patients with endometrial cancer and 2 patients with vaginal cancer). The response rate was 25.0% in the patients with ovarian cancer, 13.3% in those with cervical cancer, and 28.6% in those with endometrial cancer. The overall response rate was 23.1%. When the patients were classified according to dose schedules, the highest response rate was obtained in the group administered THP-ADM at a dose of 60 mg per body by single i.v. injection at 3-week intervals. Such side effects as myelosuppression and gastrointestinal disturbances were observed, but alopecia, a marked side-effect of ADM administration, was mild, and no cardiac toxicity was seen in any of the patients.
Adult↗
Ester synthesis catalyzed by polyethylene glycol-modified lipase in benzene.
Lipoprotein lipase, which catalyzes hydrolysis of emulsified triglycerides or water-insoluble esters, was modified with 2,4-bis(o-methoxy-polyethylene glycol)-6-chloro-s-triazine(activated PEG2). The modified lipase, in which 55% of the total amino groups in the lipase molecule, was soluble in organic solvents such as benzene, toluene, chloroform and dioxane. The modified lipase could catalyze ester synthesis reaction in benzene. When very hydrophobic substrates of lauryl alcohol and stearic acid were used, the ester synthesis reaction proceeded efficiently in the transparent benzene solution with the maximum activity of approximate 5.0 mumoles/min/mg of protein. Ester exchange and aminolysis reactions were also conducted with the modified lipase in benzene.
Benzene↗
Unusual clinical courses of adult T-cell leukemia in siblings.
Two siblings who developed adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) with unusual clinical courses are presented. The brother showed spontaneous remissions at the beginning stage of the disease of 6 years' duration, and the sister remains free of complaints for 6 years without chemotherapy. The patients and 2 of 12 healthy members of their family examined had serum antibodies against ATL-associated antigens (ATLA). The expression of ATLA was observed in the cultured lymphocytes from the patients and one of the family members.
Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
Reversal of pyrithiamine-induced growth inhibition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae by oxythiamine.
Oxythiamine reversed the growth inhibition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae caused by pyrithiamine, although oxythiamine alone inhibited yeast cell growth. This phenomenon was explained by thiamine production from these 2 thiamine antagonists which was demonstrated using cell suspensions and the crude extract of S. cerevisiae.
Oxythiamine↗
A chemical modification to make horseradish peroxidase soluble and active in benzene.
Horseradish peroxidase was modified with 2,4-bis(O- methoxypolyethylene glycol)-6-chloro-s-triazine. The modified peroxidase, in which 60% of the amino groups were coupled with polyethylene glycol, had 70% of the enzymic activity in aqueous solution and was found to be soluble in benzene. Since the modified peroxidase in benzene had an absorption spectrum similar to that of unmodified peroxidase in aqueous solution, the prosthetic group, protohaemin IX, remained with the apoprotein even in benzene. The modified peroxidase in benzene had 21% of the enzymic activity relative to that of unmodified enzyme in aqueous solution.
Benzene↗
Duane's syndrome associated with crocodile tear and ear malformation. A case of stapes anomaly and its reconstruction.
Duane's syndrome is a congenital eye movement disorder characterized by marked limitation or absence of abduction, variable limitation of adduction, and narrowing of the palpebral fissure with retraction of the globe on attempted adduction. We treated a patient with bilateral Duane's syndrome associated with crocodile tear and external, middle, and inner ear anomalies. Exploratory tympanotomy showed an absence of the oval window and a rudimentary superior structure of the stapes that was connected to the abbreviated incudal lenticular process with connective tissue. A small hole was drilled into the vestibulum and the ossicular chain was reconstructed by inserting a Teflon wire piston to minimize the air-bone gap. Pertinent literature is reviewed, and the pathogenesis of Duane's syndrome and the aspect of concomitant anomalies are discussed.
Abnormalities, Multiple↗
Renal handling of sodium chloride and its control in birds.
Avian kidneys show features of both mammalian and non-mammalian kidneys, possessing cortical reptilian-type (RT) and medullary mammalian-type (MT) nephrons, blood supplies from renal arterial and renal portal systems, and a primitive macula densa. To determine how these morphological characteristics contribute to unique renal functions, we examined first a possible functional link between the renal tubules and the preglomerular vasculature and, second, the function of the loop of Henle of the MT nephrons. Infusion of 5% NaCl (2.0 ml/kg/h) into the renal portal system of the pullet Gallus domesticus caused diuresis and natriuresis in the infused side, whereas infusion of the same dose into the systemic circulation showed no effect. Infusion of 10% NaCl at a higher flow rate into either the renal portal or systemic routes caused hypernaturemia and a prolonged antidiuresis, presumably due to a release of arginine vasotocin. Plasma renin activity (PRA) decreased during renal portal infusion of hypertonic saline, suggesting that increases in intratubular or peritubular NaCl levels may suppress PRA. The thick limb of the loop of Henle (TLH) isolated from the MT nephron of the quail Coturnix coturnix revealed a lumen-positive, furosemide-sensitive transepithelial voltage (Vt) that requires the presence of both Na and Cl. Net water flux (Jv) was nearly zero when the TLH was perfused and bathed with isosmotic solution. Net water flux increased only slightly and osmotic water permeability (Lp) was low when the osmotic gradient was imposed. Vasotocin altered neither Vt, Jv, nor Lp. Chloride efflux was higher than Cl influx, and net Cl absorption was comparable to that of the TLH of the mammalian kidney.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Animals↗
A method for determining binding kinetics applied to thiamine-binding protein.
A rapid and simple method for assaying the binding activity of thiamine-binding protein is described. By this assay method, the binding characteristics of rice bran thiamine-binding protein have been evaluated with [14C]thiamine as ligand. Analysis of these data by Scatchard plot resulted in linear plots giving a dissociation constant (Kd) for thiamine of 0.55 microM and a maximum binding (Bmax) of 14.5 pmol of ligand bound/microgram of protein. Thiamine binding to the binding protein was time dependent and reached equilibrium at approximately 20 min. The Kob was 0.18 min-1 and the k1 was 1.25 X 10(5) min-1 M-1. Reversibility of thiamine binding at equilibrium was completed at 60 min with a k2 value of 0.052 min-1. The Kd calculated from the reverse rate constant was 0.42 microM. These results indicated that this binding assay method was substantially reliable and accurate.
Carrier Proteins↗
Effect of intracerebroventricularly infused glucagon on feeding behavior.
Administration of pancreatic glucagon into 3rd cerebral ventricle of rats suppressed feeding with potency greater than 1000 times that of peripheral administration. A low dose of glucagon (5 ng) suppressed food intake mainly in short-term and slightly in long-term. A medium dose (25 ng) produced delayed feeding suppression. A high dose (100 ng) suppressed only short-term food intake. From this evidence, it is concluded that intracerebroventricular administration of physiological concentration of pancreatic glucagon suppresses short-term food intake through the hypothalamus. The possible mechanism of feeding suppression by glucagon is discussed.
Animals↗
Pyridonecarboxylic acids as antibacterial agents. 2. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 1,6,7-trisubstituted 1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acids, including enoxacin, a new antibacterial agent.
The title compounds having nitro, amino, cyano, chloro, or fluoro as the C-6 substituent were prepared. Introduction of the chloro and cyano groups at C-6 was accomplished by the Sandmeyer reaction of 6-amino-1,8-naphthyridine derivatives 9 via their 6-diazonium salts. The reaction was extended to the synthesis of the 6-fluoro analogues, involving the Balz-Schiemann reaction of the diazonium tetrafluoroborate. Furthermore, a series of the 1-ethyl, 1-vinyl, 1-(2-fluoroethyl), and 1-(difluoromethyl) analogues of 7-substituted 6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acids was prepared. 1-Pyrrolidinyl and, particularly, N-substituted or unsubstituted 1-piperazinyl groups were introduced as the C-7 variants. As a result of this study, 1-ethyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-7-(1-piperazinyl)-1, 8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid (named enoxacin, originally AT-2266) was found to show the most broad and potent in vitro antibacterial activity, an excellent in vivo efficacy on systemic infections, and a weak acute toxicity. Structure-activity relationships of compounds with variations of substituents at C-1, C-6, and C-7 are also discussed.
Animals↗
Effects of captopril on arterial and venous pressure, renal function, and humoral factors in severe chronic congestive heart failure.
The effects of captopril in several humoral factors were studied to elucidate the role of the renin-angiotensin (RA) system in arterial and venous pressures and renal function in patients with severe chronic congestive heart failure. A single oral dose of captopril in 20 subjects reduced mean arterial blood pressure from 77 to 67 mm Hg; this decrease correlated with baseline plasma renin activity (PRA). The increase in PRA and the decrease in plasma aldosterone levels after captopril were much greater in subjects with higher PRA. Plasma norepinephrine (NE) levels decreased, while those of epinephrine did not change. Peripheral venous pressure declined from 107 to 77 mm H2O; this decrease correlated with the change in NE levels. During 7-day captopril therapy, urine volume and sodium excretion increased (1145 to 1136 ml/day and 76 to 94 mEq/day) in 11 subjects in whom renal function was followed. Renal plasma flow (RPF) rose from 237 to 364 ml/min, while glomerular filtration rate did not change; the filtration fraction decreased from 32% to 23%. Simultaneous infusion of aprotinin in six of the subjects did not affect the captopril-induced increase in RPF, despite the suppression of plasma bradykinin levels. These results suggest that captopril reduces arterial blood pressure in patients with high PRA through inhibition of the RA system and dilates veins by attenuation of sympathetic nervous activity. Increased RPF and urinary sodium excretion induced by captopril might result from inhibition of the RA system; the kallikrein-kinin system or bradykinin-mediated prostaglandins do not appear to play a major role.
Adult↗
Inactivation of rice bran thiamine-binding protein by N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide.
The addition of a carboxyl-modifying reagent N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCCD) to thiamine-binding protein isolated from rice bran resulted in a remarkable loss of its binding activity with [14C]thiamine. Thiamine and chloroethylthiamine substantially protected the protein against inactivation by DCCD, whereas thiamine phosphates did not. Another carboxyl reagent N-ethoxycarbonyl-2-ethoxy-1,2-dihydroquinoline (EEDQ) also inactivated rice bran thiamine-binding protein. Inactivation of the thiamine-binding protein was accompanied by covalent binding of DCCD to the protein as shown by the use of [14C]DCCD. The binding of [14C]DCCD to the thiamine-binding protein was specific, and significantly inhibited by the addition of thiamine. The loss of thiamine-binding activity was proportional to the specific binding of [14C]DCCD. For complete inactivation of the thiamine-binding activity, the binding of 2.46 mol of [14C]DCCD per mol of thiamine-binding protein was required. Furthermore, limited proteolysis of the binding protein by trypsin yielded two polypeptides with molecular weights of 35,000 (large polypeptide) and 12,500 (small polypeptide) which were separated by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The binding sites of [14C]DCCD were found to be located on the large polypeptide. These results suggest that a specific carboxyl residue in the large polypeptide releasable from rice bran thiamine-binding protein by trypsin digestion when modified by DCCD is involved in the binding of thiamine.
Binding Sites↗
Junctions between intraepithelial carcinoma and non-neoplastic tissue of the esophagus. Light and electron microscopic studies.
This report describes light and electron microscopic observations in 11 patients with intraepithelial carcinomas concomitant with invasive squamous cell carcinomas of the esophagus. The junctions between the intraepithelial carcinomas and non-neoplastic tissues were examined using an electron microscope. Vertical sections through the basal laminae revealed intraepithelial carcinomas with bulky outgrowths and simple replacement histological patterns. The bulky outgrowths contained many pseudopodial cytoplasmic projections from the tumor cells through the basal laminae, while the simple replacement patterns included rare small breaks in the basal laminae. Horizontal sections parallel to the basal laminae showed that the cells of the poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma were readily distinguishable from the non-neoplastic cells in the surface layer of the esophageal epithelia and distinctly smaller and darker than the normal prickle cells. At most of the junctions, mesenchymal cells, degenerated cells, and amorphous material separated the tumor cells from the non-neoplastic epithelial cells. However, tumor cells were occasionally attached directly to normal epithelial cells with well-developed desmosomes. Ductal involvement of the carcinomas was found in the submucosal esophageal gland proper. The tumor cells invaded between the ductal cells and basal laminae, and neoplastic cells were also directly attached to the benign ductal cells by poorly-developed desmosomes. The host-tumor junctions in the intraepithelial carcinomas of the human esophagus consisted of basal laminae with hemidesmosomes and pseudopodial projections, mesenchymal cell accumulations and direct attachments with desmosomes.
Carcinoma↗
Renal response of fowl to hypertonic saline infusion into the renal portal system.
The avian kidney has a dual blood supply: one arising from the renal arteries and the other from the renal portal system. In anesthetized pullets (Gallus gallus) two major shunt pathways bypassing the kidney were occluded to ensure the venous blood returning from the leg suffuses the peritubular sites before it enters the systemic circulation. Urine was collected from the ureteral orifices. When 5% NaCl (2.0 ml X kg-1 X h-1) was infused for 20 min into the renal portal system, urine flow and urinary NaCl concentrations and excretion rates increased immediately in the infused side. Infusion of 5% NaCl into the systemic circulation produced no natriuresis. Infusion of 10% NaCl (4.0 ml X kg-1 X h-1), into either the systemic or renal portal route, caused a prolonged antidiuresis. Plasma renin activity (PRA) decreased after portal infusion of 5% NaCl and after both portal and systemic infusion of 10% NaCl. These results suggest that 1) infusion of hypertonic saline into the renal portal system produces local renal effects and 2) increases in tubular or peritubular NaCl levels may suppress PRA.
Animals↗