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Biomedical subjects

H Nielsen

Publications and source records attributed to H Nielsen.

At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Controlled electroencephalographic investigation of patients with neurotic excoriations.

Because of the self-destructive character of neurotic excoriations (n.ex.), it is probable that relatively unmasked aggression plays a greater role than in 'normal' neurotics. In this investigation EEG abnormalities have been found for 51.9% of a group of 54 consecutive patients with n.ex. as against an abnormality frequency of 25% in a control group of neurotics without n.ex. The frequency of abnormalities in the n.ex. group is of the same level as for aggressive psychopaths, a finding which supports the above-mentioned hypothesis. In the majority of cases these abnormalities took the form of unspecific changes mainly showing bilateral theta activity. The basis of the registered left-sided preponderance of EEG abnormalities is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

The parietal cells in duodenal ulcer patients. A quantitative ultrastructural study before and during treatment with cimetidine.

Quantitative ultrastructural analyses of the parietal cells have been performed on eleven patients with chronic duodenal ulcer, before and after 8 weeks' treatment with a histamine H2-receptor antagonist (cimetidine, 1 g/day). The treatment caused a significant decrease of the secretory surface density; this result seems to differ from those of ultrastructural reports on parietal cells when acid secretion is inhibited by vagotomy. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the profile of the tubulo-vesicles of parietal cells could be seen in three phases, tentatively suggesting that this system is able to take up material from the surrounding cytoplasm by encircling it.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Circulating immune complexes and complement-fixing antibodies in patients with varicella-zoster infection. Relationship to début of the disease.

Serum samples from 32 varicella-zoster (VZ)-infected patients were examined for circulating immune complexes (IC) within 1 1/2 week after début of the skin rash as well as during the following 5 weeks. Three test systems were used: a complement consumption (CC) assay, a C1q solid phase (CU1-SP) assay and a polyclonal rheumatoid factor-binding (pRF-I) assay. The CC and pRF-I assays were the most effective in detecting large IgG aggregates of IC, while aggregates of intermediate and small size were more easily demonstrated in the C1q-SP assay. IC were demonstrated in at least 2 assays simultaneously in 16 patients. Four of these patients were IC-positive in both observation periods, while 11 converted to IC-positive in the second observation interval. In 3 patients circulating IC were demonstrable as late as 8--10 weeks after the appearance of the skin rash. Maximal levels of complement-fixing antibodies to VZ antigens were observed 2 to 5 weeks after the appearance of the rash.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Circulating immune complexes and crisis of rejection in renal transplantation.

The present study was conducted to assess whether immune complex (IC) activity, measured by a complement consumption assay (CC) could be used to indicate a forthcoming rejection crisis in the early phase after renal transplantation. Complement factor B and C4 determinations by immunoassays were performed also. Consecutive specimens were drawn from each patient (n = 14) from zero to nineteen days after transplantation. In seven of the fourteen patients elevated levels of IC activity were demonstrated prior to transplantation. About three weeks later only 2 of the patients had demonstrable IC in circulation. Activated factor B (B) was found in 11 of the patients just before transplantation; however, only three of the patients were factor B positive nineteen days later. During the same observation time ten of the patients (71%) had indication of one or several rejection crises. With a few exceptions only minor individual fluctuation in C4 serum-concentrations were seen. It is concluded that circulating IC occurred in a rather high percentage of patients with glomerulonephritis or pyelonephritis and that IC determination by the CC assay had no value in the prediction or diagnosis of rejection episodes following renal allotransplantation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Reaction between peroxidized phospholipid and protein: II. Molecular weight and phosphorus content of albumin after reaction with peroxidized cardiolipin.

Peroxidized cardiolipin (diphosphatidylglycerol) reacts covalently with albumin. Incubation of albumin with increasing amounts of peroxidized cardiolipin produces a gradual increase in molecular size. Incubation with a small amount of peroxidized cardiolipin (molar ratio of cardiolipin/albumin 21) produces a mixture of complexes that differs considerably with respect to the number of cardiolipin molecules bound per molecule of albumin. With larger amounts of peroxidized cardiolipin (molar ratios of cardiolipin/albumin 54 and 114), the complexes formed seem to be of a more uniform type since the numbers of cardiolipin molecules bound per molecule of albumin are similar. No polymerization occurs for reactions in which up to at least 15 moles of cardiolipin have become bound per mole of albumin, and 20--25 moles may be found with only very little polymerization. Only when the ratio of peroxidized cardiolipin to albumin was increased to a high value of 314 did polymerization occur. The present findings show that extensive covalent binding of peroxidized cardiolipin to albumin can occur without intermolecular crosslinking of the protein.

Albumins↗
PubMed1979

Variations in plasma protein concentrations in individuals with ulcerative colitis: analytical and biological factors.

Eight plasma proteins were determined in specimens taken every second day during a 14 day period from eleven patients with acute ulcerative colitis. The intra-individual variations in the concentrations of albumin, orosomucoid, haptoglobin, IgG, IgA, IgM and complement factors C3 and C4 were larger than expected in normal persons. A two-way analysis of variance was applied to the normalized protein values to estimate to what extent the observed variations could be explained by analytical errors and the influence of biological factors general to all proteins, such as changes in plasma volume and distribution between plasma and extravascular space. In half the non-operated patients the changes in all proteins could be explained by the above mentioned variations. The individual variations seen in the concentrations of haptoglobin, C4 and IgM occurred at random compared to the clinical state of the disease. Only the operated patients showed a more systematic sequence of protein changes.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1979

A solid-phase, polyclonal IgM-RF binding assay for circulating immune complexes.

A polyclonal IgM-RF-binding assay (pRF-BA) for the detection of circulating immune complexes (IC) is described. The method is based on the competitive binding of heat-treated iodinated IgG (deltaIgG) and naturally occurring IC to solid phase IgM-RF. The sensitivity limit of the assay was 300--400 ng deltaIgG/ml dilute serum. The coefficient of variation for the assay varied from 6 to 12% of the total binding when deltaIgG concentrations up to 1 microgram/ml were measured. One hundred and six patient sera were examined for IC occurrence and significant differences (p less than 0.01) were observed between 30 normal control sera and sera from SLE, sarcoidosis and glomerulonephritis patients. About 40% of patients suffering from acute myocardial infarction (AMI) gave IC-positive reactions with samples taken 5 to 10 days after the infarction. The kinetics of IC appearance was studied in AMI patients by the pRF-BA and three complement-dependent assays. IC appearance was registered in the RF assay 5 to 12 days after the rise in ASAT enzyme values and the IC reactivity corresponded to complexes ranging from 2 to 5 x 10(6) in molecular weight.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Anticomplementary activity in diffuse and nodular goiters.

The occurrence of anticomplementary activity and its correlation to serum thyroglobulin was investigated in 71 patients with thyroid diseases and 63 age and sex matched control subjects. The patients which were subgrouped according to thyroid function and characteristics of the goiter, were examined at the time of diagnosis. The anticomplementary activity was measured by a complement consumption (CC) assay. Sera from patients with Graves' disease and nontoxic diffuse goiter, showed stronger activity than sera from patients with nontoxic goiter. Seventeen of the patients and one of the controls were positive in the CC-assay. The percentage hemoglobin release in this assay was normally distributed using control sera but not for the patient group. There was no correlation either between CC-activity and serum concentrations of thyroglobulin or CC-activity and antibodies to the O-antigen of Yersinia enterocolitica serotype 3, thyroid cytoplasma, thyroglobulin, nuclear factors, streptolysin O, streptococ hyaluronidase, and parietal cells, respectively. However, correlation between the levels of thyroid stimulating immunoglobulins and CC-activity, was noted (Rho = 0.511, P less than 0.05), which suggests that these immunoglobulins also are present as immune complexes. Thyroglobulin--antithyroglobulin complexes preformed in vitro at high thyroglobulin concentration, gave negative results in the CC-assay.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Circulating immune complexes, free antigen and alpha 1-antitrypsin in levels in sarcoidosis patients.

Consecutive serum samples from 26 sarcoidosis patients were examined for circulating immune complex (IC) activity. Fifteen (58%) gave IC-positive reactions in a complement consumption (CC) test and a significant difference as regards anticomplementary was observed when comparing patients in clinical stages 2 and 1 respectively (P less than 0.01) The serum alpha 1-antitrypsin levels were not correlated (r=0.36) to the results of the CC-assay. The duration of IC-occurrence was studied, by two IC-assays, over 1 1/2 to 2 years. The majority of the positive reactions were registered in patients in clinical stage 2. Isolated IC was used for immunization of rabbits. Absorbed immune sera produced a single precipitate of postalbumin mobility with seven out of 36 sarcoidosis sera. In two cases a tailing of the recipitate suggested that the antigen was in complex formation. Immunoelectrophoresis indicated identity between the antigen detected in different sarcoidosis sera. No precipitates were observed using 130 sera from other patients, and screening of 100 blood donors revealed one positive reaction. The antigen, which eluted in the first protein peak on Sephadex G-200, has not been identified serologically.

Adult↗