Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H Nielsen

Publications and source records attributed to H Nielsen.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Updating rDNA restriction enzyme maps of Tetrahymena reveals four new intron-containing species.

The extrachromosomal rDNA molecules from a number of Tetrahymena strains were characterized by restriction enzyme mapping using three different restriction enzymes combined with gel blotting and hybridization analysis. Strains from four out of six recently described species were found to contain an intron in the 26s rRNA coding region. The evolutionary relationship among the species of the T. pyriformis complex was examined on the basis of the rDNA maps with emphasis on similarities between two of the new species and the widely studied T. thermophila and T. pigmentosa. Examination of a large number of T. pigmentosa strains showed this species to exhibit an unusual polymorphism with respect to its rDNA. It is suggested that recombinational cross-over events play a role in the formation of new rDNA alleles in this species.

Alleles↗
PubMed1985

A neuropsychological study of 12 patients with transient ischemic attacks before and after EC/IC bypass surgery.

A neuropsychological study of 12 patients with transient ischemic attacks from the carotid artery territory was carried out about 2 months following their latest attack, about a week before STA/MCA bypass operation, and again 3 months postoperatively. The results suggest that the TIA patients as a group were slightly intellectually impaired preoperatively. After the operation, a minor neuropsychological improvement had taken place although they still were not fully intellectually rehabilitated.

Cerebral Revascularization↗
PubMed1985

Circulating immune complexes in myelofibrosis.

17 patients with idiopathic myelofibrosis were studied for the occurrence of circulating immune complexes (IC), using a polyethylene glycol complement consumption and a polyclonal rheumatoid factor inhibition assay. In 13 patients complement C3d was determined by rocket immunoelectrophoresis. Circulating IC were detected in 6 patients and were primarily found in patients with short duration of disease from time of diagnosis. The median duration of the disease in IC-positive patients was 4 months, compared to 12 months in the IC-negative group (P less than 0.05). 9 of the 13 patients investigated had increased levels of plasma C3d. However, there was no correlation to the occurrence of IC. It is concluded that circulating IC may take part in an immune-mediated bone marrow damage. This may involve deposition of IC in the bone marrow with secondary inflammation responsible for the development of bone marrow fibrosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Influence of five different anticoagulants on human blood monocyte isolation and functional activities.

The recovery of blood monocytes after centrifugation with metrizoate/polysucrose was high with EDTA (97.0%) and heparin (91.6%) as anticoagulants, moderate with EGTA and citrate, but low with oxalate (52.3%; P less than 0.05 compared with heparin). There were no differences in viability, spontaneous migration, chemotaxis, or phagocytosis and killing of Candida albicans by the monocytes isolated from blood anticoagulated with heparin, citrate, oxalate, EDTA, or EGTA. However, heparin in concentrations above 20 IU/ml decreased the spontaneous migration and chemotaxis. It is concluded, that EDTA and heparin below 20 IU/ml are the most satisfactory anticoagulants for the functional study of blood monocytes isolated by metrizoate/polysucrose density centrifugation.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Phagocytosis and killing of Candida albicans by blood monocytes from patients with non-seminomatous testicular carcinoma: effect of chemotherapy.

Blood monocytes were isolated from 14 patients with non-seminomatous testicular carcinoma and tested for phagocytic and fungicidal activity towards Candida albicans. Before chemotherapy, monocyte function in the patients was not different from that of normal controls. However, patients with alpha-foetoprotein in their serum had a lower phagocytic activity compared with patients without alpha-foetoprotein. No correlation with the histology of the tumor, the clinical stage or the presence in serum of human chorionic gonadotropin was observed. Serum from the patients had no influence on the functions of normal monocytes. During intensive chemotherapy with cisplatinum, bleomycin and vinblastine, a reversible impairment in phagocytosis and killing of C. albicans occurred which had no correlation with the development of febrilia. Two months after the completion of chemotherapy the monocyte functions were unchanged as compared with pretreatment values. In conclusion, the temporary depression of monocyte functions towards C. albicans during chemotherapy might, in addition to other risk factors, predispose the patient to fungal infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Sulpiride and haloperidol in schizophrenia: a double-blind cross-over study of therapeutic effect, side effects and plasma concentrations.

In a double-blind cross-over trial, 20 chronic schizophrenic patients were treated with sulpiride and haloperidol in two 12-week periods. The final median dose of sulpiride was 2000 mg/day (range 800-3200) and of haloperidol 12 mg/day (range 6-24). Sulpiride had an antipsychotic effect and therapeutic profile not significantly different from that of haloperidol. In spite of the high doses of sulpiride, extrapyramidal side-effects were seen less frequently during the first four weeks of the sulpiride period than during the corresponding haloperidol period (P less than 0.05), whereas autonomic side-effects were equally rare for both drugs. A positive correlation was found between daily dose and plasma concentration of both sulpiride (P less than 0.001) and haloperidol (P less than 0.05), but no correlation could be established between clinical effects and plasma levels of either neuroleptic.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Influence of glucocorticoids on prenatal development of the gut and pancreas in rats.

The effect of chronic administration of hydrocortisone during pregnancy on growth and maturation of the foetal gut and pancreas was investigated. Groups of 10- to 11-day pregnant rats were injected with saline or hydrocortisone (50 mg/kg) once a day for 10 days. The pancreas, antrum, and small intestine of newborns (8-10 h after birth) were analysed for various determinants of growth and maturation. The small-intestinal weight and DNA, RNA, and protein were significantly higher in newborns from hydrocortisone-treated animals than those of saline-treated controls. Hydrocortisone treatment resulted in an induction of sucrase and significantly stimulated total lactase activity. After the steroid treatment during pregnancy, the weight of the pancreas and its DNA content in newborns were also significantly elevated when compared with those from saline-treated controls. However, neither pancreatic RNA nor protein content differed significantly between the groups. Antral gastrin content in newborns from hydrocortisone-treated mothers was significantly higher than that from saline-treated controls. Pancreatic gastrin content in newborns was slightly but not significantly reduced after the steroid administration to mothers. It is concluded that glucocorticoids induce growth and maturation of foetal gut and pancreas.

Amylases↗
PubMed1985

Cerebral abscess.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Brain Abscess↗
PubMed1985

A quantitative and qualitative study of blood monocytes in smokers.

The effect of cigarette smoking on blood monocyte count and selected functions of isolated blood monocytes was studied in 82 subjects free of intercurrent or chronic disease, 41 smokers and 41 non-smokers. Total leukocyte counts and monocyte counts were higher in smokers than in non-smokers. In vitro functional studies of spontaneous migration, chemotactic responsiveness and phagocytosis showed no correlation with smoking habits. However, intracellular killing of Candida albicans was significantly lower in blood monocytes of smokers as compared to non-smokers. Since blood monocytes are the precursors of tissue macrophages the defective microbicidal function may represent an additional pathogenic factor in the diminished host defence observed in smokers.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

New techniques for stenting severely strictured or occluded ureters.

Percutaneous stenting of the severely strictured ureter is facilitated by catheterization through a rigid curved tube leading through the kidney. Alternatively, bidirectional traction tensioning of a guide wire pulled through the entire urinary tract permits antegrade dilatation and stent drainage. Complete occlusion near the ureteric orifice may be bypassed by transureteral puncture of the bladder followed by stent insertion.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Reaction of phenylhydrazine with erythrocytes. Cross-linking of spectrin by disulfide exchange with oxidized hemoglobin.

Phenylhydrazine causes deleterious oxidations of components of erythrocytes. These reactions and their effects on the mechanical properties of rabbit erythrocytes are investigated to provide insight into the mechanisms leading to destruction of oxidatively damaged erythrocytes. After 1 hr of incubation with phenylhydrazine, precipitated denatured protein (Heinz body protein) amounts to 25-30% of membrane protein, but deformability of erythrocytes as measured by filtrability is unchanged. After 4 hr of incubation filtrability drops sharply. Polymerization of spectrin and covalent binding of hemoglobin to spectrin, but no peroxidation of membrane lipids is observed. Precipitated protein amounts to 85-95% of membrane protein. It contains Fe, porphyrin and globin peptide in the proportion 1:1:1. Heinz body protein precipitated when hemoglobin is incubated under similar conditions has 90% of its sulfhydryl groups oxidized and no other amino acids than cysteine are destroyed. Addition of this Heinz body protein to erythrocyte ghosts causes polymerization of spectrin. Incubation of tetrathionate, a specific cross-linking agent, causes filtrability to drop sharply after about 80 min. This effect is similar to that observed after 4 hr incubation with phenylhydrazine, and is accompanied by polymerization of spectrin and band 3. The results indicate that cross-linking of membrane proteins by disulfide exchange with precipitated hemoglobin may play a major role in decreasing deformability during incubation with phenylhydrazine.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1984

Effect of cis-platinum on human blood monocyte function in vitro.

The influence of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (cis-DDP) on human blood monocyte functions in vitro was studied. With cis-DDP added to the cell suspensions in concentrations between 10(2) and 10(-6) microM just before assay of monocyte functional capacity no significant changes in chemotactic, chemokinetic, phagocytic, or fungicidal activities were observed. However, with preincubation at 1 microM for 60 min cis-DDP selectively inhibited chemotaxis, but not chemokinesis or phagocytosis. This inhibition was more pronounced at 37 degrees C than at 4 degrees C, and was not reversed by washing of the cells. The implications of these findings for clinical oncology are discussed.

Candida albicans↗
PubMed1984

Neuronal blockade with morphine. A hypothesis.

A patient with an apical lung tumour invading the brachial plexus (Pancoast's tumour) suffered from unbearable pain unmodified by daily treatment with morphine 180 mg subcutaneously. An interscalene brachial plexus block was performed using a solution containing 5 mg morphine hydrochloride in 10 ml isotonic saline. Complete analgesia was obtained after 20 minutes, an effect which lasted for the next 36 hours. Neuro-axonal transport of morphine to the spinal cord may be the explanation of the effect, an hypothesis which ought to be subjected to controlled trials.

Aged↗