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Biomedical subjects

H Nemoto

Publications and source records attributed to H Nemoto.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Mitral valve protrusion assessed by use of B-mode echocardiography in dogs with mitral regurgitation.

OBJECTIVE: To examine our hypothesis that changes of the mitral valve in dogs with mitral regurgitation lead to various degrees of protrusion of the cusp in individual dogs in systole. DESIGN: Assessing the mitral protrusion, using B-mode echocardiography in dogs with mitral regurgitation. ANIMALS: 33 dogs with chronic mitral regurgitation and 40 clinically normal dogs. PROCEDURE: The mitral valve was imaged in the right parasternal left ventricular long-axis view, and we measured the height (H) from the coaptation point or tip of the protruded cusp to the mitral annular plane. When the tip of the protruded cusp was located beyond the mitral annular plane extending into the left atrium, H was expressed as negative values. RESULTS: The H in clinically normal dogs was 3.7 +/- 0.8 mm. In dogs with mitral regurgitation, the mitral cusp protruded toward the left atrium to various degrees, and H was -0.7 +/- 1.9 mm (range, 2.9 to -5.0 mm). The 2 dogs in the latter group with the lowest H (-5.0 and -4.5 mm, respectively) presented typical mitral flail on B-mode images. The indices of left atrial and ventricular dimension (left atrial dimension/aortic dimension and left ventricular end-diastolic dimension/body weight, respectively) were significantly higher than those in the clinically normal dogs and were negatively correlated with H. CONCLUSION: The mitral valve in individual dogs with mitral regurgitation has different degrees of protrusion. The degree of protrusion might be related to the hemo-dynamic condition in mitral regurgitation.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Synthesis and biological properties of water-soluble p-boronophenylalanine derivatives. Relationship between water solubility, cytotoxicity, and cellular uptake.

Water-soluble p-boronophenylalanine (BPA) derivatives having cascade polyols, the monohydroxy derivative BPA(OH) (4), the dihydroxy analogue BPA(OH)2 (5), and the tetrahydroxy analogue BPA(OH)4 (6), were synthesized in order to elucidate a relationship between the molecular structures and the cellular uptake. Biological properties of these compounds in addition to BPA (1) itself were investigated. Water solubility increased in the order of BPA < BPA(OH) < or = BPA(OH)2 > BPA(OH)4. Cytotoxicity to B-16 melanoma and TIG hybrobrast cells decreased in the order of BPA >> BPA(OH) > or = BPA(OH)2 > BPA(OH)4. The cellular uptake by both B-16 and TIG cells decreased in the order of BPA > BPA(OH) > or = BPA(OH)2 > BPA(OH)4, whereas the uptake ratio of B-16/TIG increased in the order of BPA < BPA(OH) < or = BPA(OH)2 < BPA(OH)4. The latter ratio indicates the selectivity on the uptake by a cancer to normal cell.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1995

Ventral pancreatitis in a patient with pancreas divisum.

Pancreas divisum results in drainage of most pancreatic secretions through the minor papilla via the dorsal duct, and the association of minor papilla stenosis has been implicated as a cause of pancreatitis. Most of the reported cases represent pancreatitis confined to the dorsal part. The authors treated a 10-year-old boy with recurrent pancreatitis that was substantially more severe in the ventral part. The patient was referred with a brief history of abdominal pain and had undergone a laparotomy when segmental ventral pancreatitis had been observed. Severe pancreatitis and acute renal failure developed, which required drainage of the lesser sac and hemodialysis, respectively. After 5 months, he had another episode that subsequently led to a pseudocyst in the ventral part. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography via minor papilla showed a normal-caliber dorsal duct communicating with a part of the fine ventral ducts. A normal biliary tree was shown, but no ventral duct was visualized by cannulation to the major papilla of Vater. Dual sphincteroplasties and a cholecystectomy were performed. The minor papilla was stenotic and admitted only the finest lacrimal duct probe. The orifice of the ventral duct could not be observed. Thus it was clarified that the dorsal duct with its stenotic orifice had drained both the dorsal and ventral pancreas. The patient has remained asymptomatic over 36 months postoperatively. Despite their limited experience, the authors believe that (1) this anatomic variant led to ventral pancreatitis, and (2) the sphincteroplasty of the minor papilla was successful.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1994

[A case of nontraumatic rupture of ascending aorta].

A 34-year-old man became shock caused by nontraumatic ascending aortic rupture. He was urgently operated. The aortic annulus was mildly ectatic and right coronary cusp was aneurysmal but not perforated. There was a small laceration in the anterior aortic wall without dissection. Cabrol operation was performed.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Exon/intron organization of the gene encoding the mouse epithelin/granulin precursor (acrogranin).

Mouse genomic clones encoding the epithelin/granulin gene and its 5'- and 3'-flanking regions have been isolated and sequenced. This gene was found to be a single-copy gene, and contained 13 exons interrupted by 12 introns. Eight out of the 12 introns are classified as phase 0, and are located within the central part of each of the tandem repeats in the amino acid sequence of the epithelin/granulin precursor. The first intron is unique because of the interruption of the 5'-untranslated region and its fairly large size (approximately 2.4 kbp). Consensus sequences for several of the potential regulatory elements are present in the 5'-flanking sequence, including a common CCAAT sequence.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Acrogranin, an acrosomal cysteine-rich glycoprotein, is the precursor of the growth-modulating peptides, granulins, and epithelins, and is expressed in somatic as well as male germ cells.

Spermatogenesis is a unique system of differentiation involving cellular remodeling and the biogenesis of sperm-specific organelles. To study the biogenesis of one such organelle, the acrosome, we have been examining the gene expression, biosynthesis, and targeting of specific acrosomal proteins during mammalian spermatogenesis. An acrosomal marker that we recently purified and began characterizing is acrogranin, a 67,000-molecular-weight glycoprotein originally isolated from guinea pig testes. This glycoprotein is detected in pachytene spermatocytes and is found later in the acrosomes of developing spermatids and sperm. Immunoblotting of several tissues and immunofluorescent localization in frozen sections of guinea pig testes suggested that acrogranin was a germ cell-specific glycoprotein that was expressed meiotically and post-meiotically. However, Northern blot analysis demonstrated that the mRNA for acrogranin was ubiquitously expressed in all guinea pig and mouse tissues examined. Furthermore, the primary structures of guinea pig and mouse acrogranins, deduced from the cDNA sequences, reveal that this glycoprotein is a cysteine-rich molecule with a motif that is tandemly repeated seven times, very similar to that of the human epithelin/granulin precursor. We conclude that guinea pig and mouse acrogranins are homologues of the precursor of the human and rat epithelin/granulin peptides previously demonstrated to have growth-modulating properties.

Acrosome↗
PubMed1993

Effect of recombinant human colony-stimulating factor on the course of parasitaemia in non-lethal rodent malaria.

The effect of repeated subcutaneous injections of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) on the attenuated Plasmodium berghei XAT infection in CBA mice was examined. When mice were injected with rhG-CSF daily beginning 2 days before infection, the neutrophil count in the peripheral blood increased 5 times higher than that of control mice and the development of parasitaemia was suppressed significantly during the early phase of the infection. This suppressive effect of rhG-CSF was reduced by treatment of the mice with either anti-interferon (IFN)-gamma or anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha immunoglobulins. These results suggest that neutrophils may have a role in immunity against the parasites and that IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha are possibly involved.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Multiple liver abscesses secondary to Yersinia enterocolitica.

A 37-year-old male, a poorly-controlled insulin-dependent diabetic patient, was admitted to our hospital with complaints of high fever and confusion. Laboratory data showed hyperglycemia, positive inflammatory reaction and liver dysfunction. Blood culture demonstrated Yersinia enterocolitica. Liver CT scan showed multiple low density areas. These data were consistent with a diagnosis of liver abscess secondary to Yersinia enterocolitica. He died of disseminated intravascular coagulation; subsequent autopsy confirmed the clinical diagnosis. Liver abscess secondary to Yersinia enterocolitica with septicemia is rare, but has been reported in compromised hosts. In the mechanism of this disease, the alimentary tract has been suggested to be the port of entry in most cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[A case of carcinomatous autonomic and sensory neuropathy].

A 61-year-old male with carcinomatous autonomic and sensory neuropathy was presented. The disease started with numbness in his lower extremities and loss of sensation gradually developed over the upper extremities within two months. Finally he became unable to walk because of orthostatic hypotension and dystaxia due to loss of deep sensation. Physical examination on admission revealed mydriasis with negative light reflex, orthostatic hypotension, sensory loss of below C-4, areflexia, positive Babinski's sign and sexual impotence. Laboratory examinations revealed serum antineural antibody, elevation of protein and oligoclonal IgG band in the CSF. Sural nerve biopsy specimen showed severe loss of myelinated fibers, especially in the large-sized fibers. The pharmacological functional tests of the autonomic nerves disclosed disturbance of parasympathetic nervous system as well as the postsynaptic fibers of the sympathetic nerves. An instillation test of 2.5% mecholyl solution demonstrated contraction of both pupils. Chest X-ray showed abnormal shadow at the right hilus and transbronchial biopsy revealed small cell carcinoma (oat cell type). Plasma exchange improved orthostatic hypotension and decreased the titer of the antineural antibody. In this case, the autonomic ganglion including the ciliary ganglia and the dorsal root ganglia cells were predominantly involved and such cases have been described as a variant of paraneoplastic syndrome in the literature.

Autonomic Nervous System Diseases↗
PubMed1992

[Myasthenia gravis and steroid therapy].

In the past 20 years, we experienced 242 myasthenic patients in our hospital. Fifty five cases were administered high doses of adrenocorticosteroid hormone for a long time. Among them, we analysed 39 cases with complete clinical records from admission to the present. We analysed 5 additional cases in whom responses to the therapy somewhat unique in that four cases have not shown any improvement until the drug was reduced to certain dosages, and in the 5th case change of method from alternate-day to every day brought good recovery of the symptoms. As a result, adrenocorticosteroid hormone was effective for 100% of the patients in this series. However, complete remission appeared in the above mentioned 10 patients (26%), after 2-3 years' continuous administration. Prognosis was far better in those who showed shorter durations between the onset of the disease and thymectomy or thymectomy than in those of longer one. In these cases, the maximum daily doses were 60-100 mg in alternate-day administration, and the total amount of prednisolone was 9-15 g in individual cases. Through data of these cases, it is recommended that the maximum dosage is to be continued for as long as 2 to 19 weeks with average 7 weeks.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[A case of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with disturbance of vertical ocular movement responding to thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH)].

A 64-year-old woman who had amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) with disturbance of vertical ocular movement was presented. She was admitted to our hospital with progressive dysphagia, dysarythria and weakness of the extremities. Neurological examinations revealed disturbance of vertical ocular movement with normal doll's eye phenomenon (supranuclear origin), bulbar palsy, muscle weakness of the extremities, extensor plantar signs, and fasciculations of the costal and interosseal muscles. EMG studies showed denervation potentials, and muscle biopsy demonstrated group atrophy, fiber type grouping and small angular fibers. TRH injections resulted in improvement of disturbance of vertical ocular movement, but no effect was seen on the weakness of the limb. There was about 20 Japanese cases with disturbance of ocular movement in ALS, but it was rare to see ocular movement disorder from the early stage of ALS. The pathophysiology of ocular movement disorder in ALS has been thought to be due to supranuclear origin, i.e., the disturbance in the pathway from the frontal cortex to the mesencephalon. In this case, TRH might effect at some point of the frontomesencephalic pathway.

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis↗
PubMed1991

[Clinico-radiological correlation of Wilson's disease by magnetic resonance imaging, computed and positron emission tomography].

Follow-up magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) examinations were performed on five patients with Wilson's disease at intervals from 6 to 29 months. We studied the clinical correlation with MRI and CT, and whether the examination of MRI and CT could be useful for evaluation of the therapeutic effect. Positron emission tomography (PET) was also carried out on 4 cases except for an asymptomatic case (patient 2, sister of patient 1). Close relationship has been observed by MRI between dystonia and the lesion of the lenticular nuclei, abnormality of smooth pursuit eye movements and the brain stem lesion, and severe dysarthria/dysphagia and the lesion of the caudate and lenticular nuclei, respectively. In patient 4, repeated MRI of an interval of 18 months demonstrated decrease of the abnormal high signal in the lateral part of the putamen on T2-weighted image in accordance with marked improvement of clinical manifestations. In patient 3, who had severe dystonia of the extremities and trunk, T2-weighted image showed high signals in the lenticular nuclei. Marked decrease of the high signal in the lenticular nuclei was observed by MRI in this patient after 29 months, when her neurological manifestations were markedly improved. Patient 5 with severe cerebellar signs disclosed abnormal signals in the middle cerebellar peduncles, brain stem and dentate nuclei in addition to low signals in the caudate and lenticular nuclei, and high signals in the lateral part of the putamen on T2-sequence.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Stress analysis of porcelain laminate veneers. (1)].

The stress distributions in the porcelain laminates under various kinds loading are analysed numberically in order to make clean the reason of their exfoliation or fracture. The two-dimensional finite element method is used to determine the principal stresses developed in the porcelain laminated and the teeth substance of a restored maxillary central incisor. The thicknesses of enamel preparations are assumed to be 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm and 0.8 mm in the analysis. As a result of this analysis, the following points are made clear: 1) The stress concentration are observed at the vicinity of a loading point and in the cervical regions, independently of the loading conditions on its location and direction. 2) In case of the vertical loading, the location of loading point has no effect on the overall stress magnitude and distribution. 3) In the case when the load is applied in the 45 degrees-direction to the vertical axis, the overall stress level is increased, as the location of loading point is far from the supporting regions. 4) In the case when the load is applied normal to the vertical axis at the incisal edge, the high stress is obtained in comparison with other loading conditions.

Bite Force↗
PubMed1989

[Factors affecting the setting time of zinc oxide-eugenol impression materials--the influence of humidity and temperature to the reaction velocity].

Zinc oxide-eugenol paste are widely used in clinical dentistry, principally for impression of non-undercut edentulous ridges, or bite taking materials. However it has been realized by those who use these paste that different products, direction for mixing, or different conditions for mixing, have different characteristics. An experiment have been made to observe the influence of different conditions for mixing to the setting time. Zinc oxide-eugenol impression pastes were mixed in accordance with the manufacturer's instruction when supplied. The condition for mixing was at temperature of 15 +/- 1, 20 +/- 1, 25 +/- 1, 30 +/- 1 degrees C and at humidity of 40 +/- 5, 70 +/- 5, 90 +/- 5%. The setting time (a initial setting time, a final setting time) was defined in the A.D.A. specification No. 16. The following results were obtained. 1. A higher temperature and humidity shortened the initial setting time of all paste. 2. A higher temperature and humidity shortened slightly the time interval between a initial and a final setting time of all paste. 3. In clinical use, sample C is better than other ones, so that a setting time of the sample is property for impression making.

Dental Impression Materials↗
PubMed1989

[Pulsatile assistance for profoundly hypothermic circulatory arrest, low-flow perfusion, and moderate-flow perfusion: comparative study of brain tissue pH, PO2, and PCO2].

The pH, oxygen tension, and carbon dioxide tension of canine brain tissue were experimentally examined during profoundly hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass with and without pulsatile assistance. After core cooling, a 60-minute of circulatory arrest was performed in group 1 (n = 16), a 120-minute of low-flow perfusion (25 ml/kg/min) in group 2 (n = 16), and 120 minute of moderate-flow perfusion (50 ml/kg/min) in group 3 (n = 16). The core rewarming was done to the temperature above 32 degrees C. Each group was divided into two subgroups with and without pulsatile assistance (subgroup-p; n = 8, subgroup-c; n = 8). In group 1, progressive brain tissue acidosis and hypercapnea were recovered by use of pulsatile assistance. In group 2, brain tissue acidosis and hypercapnea were recovered completely with pulsatile assistance, but incompletely without it. In group 3, mild acidosis and hypercapnea were eliminated with pulsatile assistance. Brain tissue hypoxia was severe in group 1, slight in group 2, but not found in group 3. We conclude that a pulsatile assistance provides brain protection at any flow-ratio, and that the less flow-ratio and the longer perfusion period will make the pulsatile assistance the more necessary.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[A case of symptomatic adrenoleukodystrophy heterozygote manifested by spastic paraparesis of late onset].

A case of symptomatic adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) heterozygote, manifested by spastic paraparesis, was reported. The patient's 9 year-old grandson had ALD, and her 34 year-old daughter, who was the mother of the case of ALD, was asymptomatic but accompanied by elevation of serum very long chain fatty acid (VLCFA). The patient's gait disturbance appeared at age 62 and that gradually worsened. On admission, she showed spasticity on the lower limbs with bilateral Babinski's reflexes, muscle weakness of the lower limbs and interossei muscles of the hand, and mild sensory disturbance on the distal part of all limbs. Serum VLCFA was markedly elevated. There was no abnormal adrenal function. Sensory and motor nerve conduction velocities were within normal limits. A needle EMG examination disclosed long-duration and high-amplitude potentials. Auditory brainstem response (ABR) revealed elongation of III-V wave intervals bilaterally, and somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) showed delayed N20. Brain CT scan revealed no abnormality but MRI (T2 weighted image) showed mild high intensity areas in the capsula interna and cerebral peduncles. The abnormality of MRI suspected that spastic paraparesis may result from involvement of the corticospinal tract of the cerebrum or brainstem though the symptom has been considered due to the lesion of the spinal cord. Examinations of ABR, SEP and MRI were useful methods to make a diagnosis of symptomatic ALD heterozygote.

Adrenoleukodystrophy↗