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Biomedical subjects

H Nahum

Publications and source records attributed to H Nahum.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Magnetic resonance imaging in the exploration of hepatic masses].

Exploration was conducted by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 0.15 T in 33 patients with hepatic masses, including 18 with malignant tumors, 11 with benign tumors and 4 with non-tumoral masses. All tumors appeared hyperintensive in relation to liver on images acquired by long TR spin echos (SE) and all, except for one fatty tumor, appeared hypointense in relation to liver on images acquired in inversion-recuperation (IR). The study seemed to provide data demonstrating that MRI at 0.15 T enables visualization of hepatic masses with a degree of precision that approaches that of other imaging methods. Tumors of the small size of the order of a centimetre can be detected. Tumor outlines and vascular relations are clearly demonstrated without use of contrast. Characterization of masses is still insufficient since the simple play of contrasts between tumor, parenchyma and vessels does not allow differentiation of malignant from benign tumors, nor the identification of a given histologic type.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Heterogeneous steatosis. Echographic aspects].

Heterogeneous fatty degeneration of the liver was detected in 8 patients by ultrasound recordings, and confirmed by biopsy and the subsequent course. The etiology was alcoholism in most cases. Elevated transaminases and gamma GT were associated with modifications in hepatic ultrasound images. Foci of liver fatty degeneration were hyperechogenic, usually with clearly defined outlines, and were segmental, polygonal or rounded, and lacking mass effects. This condition requires differentiation from primary or secondary liver tumors, and can be confirmed by a CT scan and biopsy of a hyperechogenic zone found on ultrasonographic images strongly suggestive of the lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[The value of ceruletide in oral cholecystography].

The action of Ceruletide, a decapeptide with a chemical formula close to that of the terminal acid amines of cholecystokinin pancreozymin, was investigated during oral cholecystography. Intramuscular injections of Ceruletide provoked gallbladder contractions that were stronger and occurred more rapidly than after the conventional "fatty meal". Visualization of the extrahepatic biliary pathways was improved, the duration of the examination shortened, and the number of films required reduced, the useful time in approximately 3 out of 4 cases being equal to or less than 6 minutes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Modulated filtration for routine standard thoracic films].

A new system is described for the filtration of routine posteroanterior chest films. The apparatus consists of a sliding support and two filters of different thicknesses and slit widths. The whole equipment, filter and sliding support as described is simple in use, and allows correct centering and a choice of two options of modulation as a function of morphology of patients examined.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

Bronchial artery occlusion for severe hemoptysis: use of isobutyl-2 cyanoacrylate.

Isobutyl-2 cyanoacrylate (IBC) was used to embolize the bronchial arteries of 14 patients with severe hemoptysis. The site of bleeding was supplied by a bronchial artery from the aorta in 11 cases and from a right bronchointercostal trunk in three. IBC was injected after previous reduction of the blood flow in the artery by embolization with particles of dura mater. In all cases, bleeding stopped immediately after occlusion and no spinal cord complications were observed. The results indicate that IBC may be a valuable occluding agent in severe hemoptysis, since it produced virtually permanent occlusion of both the distal and proximal parts of the artery. In 13 patients, bleeding did not recur throughout follow-up periods of 2-17 months. In one patient, it recurred 12 months after embolization but stopped after occlusion of another bronchial artery with IBC. It should be noted, however, that immediately after embolization, five patients experienced violent transient retrosternal burning, and one patient experienced dysphagia and fever for 2 days. Since mediastinal ischemia cannot always be avoided, this procedure must be reserved for cases of severe hemoptysis for which surgical treatment is contraindicated.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Atelectasis caused by lung folding].

An atypical disturbance of ventilation supervening a pleural effusion may occur due to atelectasis by lung folding which is seen radiologically as a round image close to the chest wall with the appearance of a pseudo-tumour. The authors review the mechanisms and the clinical and radiological presentation of this disorder based on 7 cases and a review of the literature. The posterior basal type with adhesions to the chest wall are the most frequent. An intra-parenchymatous and a double-form are described. The diagnosis of this benign disorder is radiological. It is based on a characteristic displacement of the vessels and bronchi and associated pleural signs. Recognition of these signs avoids all invasive procedures.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Radiological picture and surveillance of nontraumatic aortic dissections of the descending aorta].

A retrospective study of 32 cases of acute dissecting aneurysms of the aorta forms the basis for further discussions on the role of arteriography. This is the only examination enabling full visceral investigation in type B dissecting aneurysms (affecting the descending aorta only) treated medically. The possible need for revascularization surgery will depend upon the results of this investigation, the type of arterial lesions affecting the visceral branches being determined by assessment of visibility of arteries in relation to the true and false lumen.

Aortic Dissection↗
PubMed1983

[Warren's anastomosis. Clinical and angiographic results (presentation of a series of 23 cases)].

Twenty-three patients with portal hypertension due to alcoholic cirrhosis were treated by distal splenorenal shunt and gastrosplenic mesenteric disconnection. In the post-operative period, two patients died; in one patient gastro-intestinal bleeding recurred 7 days after surgery and was due to ruptured varices with thrombosis of the splenorenal shunt; ascites developed in 14 patients. Twenty patients were followed up 6 months or more after surgery. Intestinal bleeding occurred in 3 patients with patent shunt. Ascites always disappeared within 3 months after operation. Four patients developed encephalopathy. Seventeen patients were investigated by angiography 3 months or more after surgery. The shunt was patent in 15 and occluded in 2 patients. In all patients with patent shunt a collateral circulation between the portomesenteric to gastrosplenic systems developed. In all patients, the portal flow decreased as suggested by diminution of the diameter of the portal vein. The authors conclude that 3 months after operation, results of distal splenorenal shunt with gastrosplenic disconnection are not hemodynamically different from those of side-to-side portocaval shunt.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Orthopedic radiology of the lower limbs. The two-dimensional "Complete Angles Lengths" technique (author's transl)].

The "Complete Angles Lengths (CAL)" is a new technique enabling geometrical definition of the lower limbs (angles and/or lengths) by the use of different reference points. Normal equipment can be employed, with or without radio control, and with ampliphotography if necessary. Localised orthoradiographs are performed through a fine metallic grid that can be made by the radiologist. Magnetic bands containing the programme for calculation are introduced into a packed calculator, and results are obtained automatically after feeding the measurements taken from the films into the machine. If the mode of employ is respected, the precision of the CAL is equal to or greater than that obtained with conventional methods.

Electronic Data Processing↗
PubMed1981

Long-term loss of Warren's shunt selectivity. Angiographic demonstration.

Fifteen patients with a patent shunt after distal splenorenal shunt with gastrosplenic disconnection were prospectively studied by angiography three to 36 months after operation. In all patients a collateral circulation from the portomesenteric to the gastrosplenic system was developed through enlarged venous channels. In all patients the portal flow decreased, as suggested by the angiographically assessed degradation of the portal perfusion of the liver and/or the diminution of the diameter of the portal vein. In two patients the portal vein was thrombotic. We conclude that three months after operation distal splenorenal shunt with gastrosplenic disconnection is not hemodynamically different than portacaval laterolateral shunt.

Celiac Artery↗
PubMed1981

Mirizzi syndrome and biliobiliary fistulas: roentgenologic appearance.

Five cases of extrahepatic cholestasis caused by impaction of a voluminous gallstone in the neck of the gallbladder or the cystic duct are reported. The formation of a biliobiliary fistula is the rule. Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography visualizes the fistulas and permits their classification into 2 groups: gallbladder to hepatic duct, and cystic to hepatic duct. Preoperative diagnosis permits the best resolutions of 2 problems encountered during surgery: (1) the tumor-like feature often produced by the cholecystitis can be ascribed to benign lithiasic etiology if the biliobiliary fistula is diagnosed in the preoperative phase; and (b) treatment by biliary plasty, which requires first opening the gallbladder and partial cholecystectomy, has to be achieved.

Adult↗