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Biomedical subjects

H Murayama

Publications and source records attributed to H Murayama.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Time trend in the prevalence of intestinal metaplasia in Japan.

In connection with the recently commenced decline of death rate for gastric cancer in Japan, the time trend of intestinal metaplasia of the stomach among the Japanese is investigated. Otherwise normal stomachs from autopsies, and stomachs removed for gastric or duodenal ulcer or for early gastric carcinoma, each collected from two different periods at intervals of 10 to 20 years, are compared histologically. The results show that the prevalence of intestinal metaplasia in those stomachs generally remains high, but that there is a regular downward tendency of the prevalence of confluent intestinal metaplasia in all of those stomachs, except for the stomachs with gastric ulcer. The fall in prevalence is conspicuous among the individuals of middle age groups, especially of patients aged in their 40s, and it is minimized toward old age. The decrease of intestinal metaplasia among the Japanese is considered to have been started only recently. There is no evidence verifying the antecedence of the fall in prevalence of intestinal metaplasia to the decline of death rate for gastric cancer in Japan. Evidence does not suggest a precancerous nature of intestinal metaplasia per se.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Solid carcinomas of the stomach. A combined histochemical, light and electron microscopic study.

Twenty cases of solid carcinoma of the stomach (SCS) were studied light and electron microscopically and histochemically. On the histologic, histochemical, and ultrastructural bases they were divided into three subgroups: mucin-secreting carcinomas (MSC) (12 cases); neuroendocrine tumors (NET) (five cases); and composite tumors (CT) (three cases). Histochemically, mucin was detectable at high intensity in most cases of MSC and ultrastructurally, the mucin granules, the number of which varied considerably from cell to cell, showed prominent pleomorphism with varying degree of maturity. Uniformly round neuroendocrine granules were demonstrable in all of the NET cases and in two cases of CT. The argyrophilic stain was negative in two cases of NET, whereas it was positive in three cases of MSC. Thus, there was a discrepancy between the silver nitrate reduction intensity and the ultrastructural demonstrability of neuroendocrine granules. Histologically, combined occurrence of some nuclear palisading of basal cells and rosette-like arrangement without evident glandular formation was specific to NET and this provides a helpful basis for the light microscopic differentiation of this tumor from other type tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Gastric carcinoma with psammomatous calcification: report of a case, with reference to calculogenesis.

A case of gastric adenocarcinoma with argyrophilic property and psammomatous calcification is reported. Histologically, the psammoma bodies are found most frequently within the glandular lumina. Electron microscopy, however, reveals that calcium first appears within the cytoplasm of tumor cells. Electron probe x-ray microanalysis demonstrates calcium and phosphorus in granular or floccular osmiophilic deposits found in intracytoplasmic electronlucent zones of tumor cells. By x-ray diffractometry, the calcium component is presumed to be hydroxyappatite (Ca5(PO4)3.(OH). The findings strongly support the view of the intracytoplasmic origin of psammomatous calcification. The tumor yielded a parathyroid hormone (PTH)-like substance, and a possible relationship between this substance and psammomatous calcification is spectulated.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

Heterotopic gastric mucosa in the duodenum - reaction to Congo red under fiberscopic observation.

A 64-year-old woman had gastric heterotopic of the duodenal bulb without any specific complaints. The lesion with irregular excrescence was diagnosed by means of target biopsies through endoscopy, and 3 years later, no noteworthy changes were observed in the endoscopic findings of the lesion, and it was also proved by an endoscopic Congo red test that the excrescence had a function of acid output. This is the second report of congenital heterotopic gastric mucosa of the duodenum which was confirmed not only by histological, but also functional examination.

Child↗
PubMed1981

A case of Cronkhite-Canada syndrome developing after hemi-colectomy.

A 57-year-old male presented with abrupt melena. Numerous polypoid lesions were found in the stomach and colon accompanied by characteristic ectodermal changes of the Cronkhite Canada syndrome. He had undergone a left side hemicolectomy for colon cancer 3 years previously. Two months after the operation, he had noticed hyperpigmentation of the skin, alopecia and chronic diarrhea. Subsequently, after 8 months, the presence of numerous polypoid lesions in the remnant colon and the rectum was established. This is the first reported case in which features of the Cronkhite-Canada syndrome have developed after resection for colon cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

Ovarian carcinoid composed of argyrophil and argentaffin cells.

A rare case of ovarian carcinoid tumor composed of both argyrophil and argentaffin cells is reported. The tumor cells were arranged in solid-trabecular or glandular fashion. Electron microscopically, each of the argyrophil and argentaffin tumor cells had intracytoplasmic neurosecretory granules possessing their own characteristics. Immunoflourescent and immunohistological procedures failed to demonstrate thyroglobulin, calcitonin, and CEA in the tumor. No structures suggestive of a struma ovarii were identifiable. Scattered in the tumor were mucinous cysts with APUD cells lying between the lining epithelial cells. These APUD cells are thought to be the origin of this pure ovarian carcinoid tumor.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

An unusual case of localized multiple peptic ulcer of the gastric fundus producing a large exophytic fibrous pseudotumor.

We report an unusual case of fundic ulcer of the stomach, suspected radiologically of being an intramural malignant tumor. Grossly the lesion was a protruding large fibrous pseudotumor, reminiscent of fibromatosis or of a granuloma with secondary ulceration. Microscopical examination revealed that it was an unusually voluminous fibrosis produced in the base of long-standing multiple peptic ulcers in a limited area of the gastric fundus. The fundic gland area is a rare site of peptic ulceration, and the occurrence of such an exophytic tumor-forming type of peptic ulcer in this area even rarer, only one relevant case having been reported before.

Female↗
PubMed1980

Massive intestinal bleeding in hemangiomatosis of the duodenum.

A 33-year-old male was admitted to Takano Hospital with fainting spell and diaphoresis due to massive terry stool. He had been working and in good health until 2 days before admission. Urgent duodenal endoscopy disclosed hemorrhage from an angiomatous lesion of the duodenum. A duodenal resection with duodenojejunostomy was performed. Pathologic examination revealed a cavernous hemangiomatosis of the duodenum. The patient had a good postoperative course. Hemangioma of the intestinal tract is rare. To our knowledge, the present case is the first case in which urgent endoscopy has succeeded in establishing the preoperative diagnosis of this lesion and ascertaining the bleeding point.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

New Anger scintillation cameras with improved count rate capability.

This paper proposes scintillation cameras which can handle input pulse rates beyond 1 Mcps with negligible as spatial resolution and energy resolution at low pulse rates. The cameras are based on the "variable sampling-time technique", in which phototube current pulses are first shortened in width and then selectively integrated by gated integrators followed by sample-and-hold circuits. The period of integration before sampling is not fixed but shortened by the arrival of the following pulse to keep a high pulse-pair time resolution. An approximate expression for the count rate characteristics has been derived, and its validity was confirmed by Monte Carlo simulation. The results indicates that the maximum observed count rate will reach 420-520 kcps with an energy window fraction of 0.5 for typical design parameters.

Scintillation Counting↗
PubMed1979

Duodenal carcinoid (apudoma) with psammoma bodies: a light and electron microscopic study.

An extremely rare case of psammomatous calcification in a nonfunctioning duodenal carcinoid tumor was studied by light and electron microscopy. The psammoma bodies were found most frequently within the lumina of the neoplastic glands. The ultrastructural features of the psammoma bodies were the marginal needle-shaped crystals and a coarse granular matrix in which a few organelles were embedded. The psammoma bodies appeared to be occasionally intracytoplasmic in position, showing no distinct limiting cytoplasmic membrane. Electron probe x-ray microanalysis revealed that the needle-shaped crystals contained calcium. The mechanism by which the psammoma bodies are formed has not been clearly explained. The above findings support the view that the psammoma bodies may occur initially in the cytoplasm of the tumor cells, followed by their release probably in a way of active excretion.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Myelolipoma in adenoma of accessory adrenal gland.

A tumor was incidentally found at autopsy in the vicinity of the right adrenal gland of a 69-year-old man who had died of liver cirrhosis with hepatoma. Microscopic examination disclosed a myelolipoma associated with a cortical adenoma occurring in an accessory adrenal gland. No evidence of hormonal abnormalities was found in the clinical record of the patient. The association of myelolipoma with cortical adenoma occurring in an accessory adrenal gland seems very unusual, and the present case is believed to be the first reported of this type of association.

Adenoma↗