Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H Mukai

Publications and source records attributed to H Mukai.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Study of quantitative measurement of tricuspid regurgitation using Doppler echocardiography].

The volume of tricuspid regurgitation (VTR) was measured using two-dimensional color and continuous wave Doppler echocardiography. The value of VTR showed significant correlations with the maximum area (r = 0.77), the maximum distance (r = 0.73) and the maximum width (r = 0.59) in the regurgitant signal, right ventricular pressure (r = 0.63) and the diameter of right atrium (r = 0.40). When the tricuspid regurgitation was divided into two types in viewpoint of its flow direction-flow directed to center of atrium (A type) and that directed to atrial septum (B type), VTR showed closer correlations with the maximum area (r = 0.90) and the maximum distance (r = 0.87) in A type. But in B type, their relativities were decreased (r = 0.51 and r = 0.40, respectively). The VTR was well related with the severity of tricuspid regurgitation based on the Miyatake's classification. This evidence indicated that the quantitative measurement of tricuspid regurgitant volume using two-dimensional color and continuous wave Doppler echocardiography is more accurate and useful compared with conventional semi-quantitative method.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[The role of bacteria on facial rosacea-like dermatitis in adult type atopic dermatitis].

To investigate the role of bacteria on facial rosacea-like dermatitis lesion in adult type atopic dermatitis, we measured the numbers of bacteria on the skin, nasal and pharyngeal surface of each individual, and then examined its sensitivity to antibiotics. The numbers of bacteria on the surface of skin increased according to the severity of skin eruption. Staphylococcus aureus was detected from the skin and nasal surface more than pharyngeal surface. Bacteria on the pharyngeal surface were both staphylococcus aureus and haemophilus parainfluenzae. Therefore, it is suggested that bacterial flora on the pharynx is different from those of the skin and nose. The treatment with antibiotics was effective for exudative lesions, whereas lichenified lesion did not respond to antibiotic therapy. These results suggest that bacteria on the skin surface are one of precipitating factors of the rosacea-like dermatitis of atopic dermatitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Histological findings of patch tests with dermatofagoides antigens in atopic dermatitis of the adult type].

Patch testing with Dermatophagoides antigens, mite antigens, and fecal antigens of mites was performed on 34 cases of atopic dermatitis of the adult type. The fecal antigens induced positive reactions more frequently than mice antigens in patients with higher scores of IgE RAST (score 4). Histologically, the positive reaction showed mild perivascular infiltration of lymphocytes and edema in the papillary dermis at 24 hours after the patch test. The lymphocytic infiltration became more prominent and was intermingled by eosinophils at 48 hours. The epidermis showed mild intercellular edema. Eosinophils and lymphocytes infiltrated into the epidermis to form spongiotic bulla at 72 hours.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Treatment of adult type atopic dermatitis (AD) with bacterial vaccine prepared from individual cases (I)--Clinical study].

Bacteria on the skin surface are well known to be one of the precipitating factors of AD. We have treated 68 severe cases of adult type AD with bacterial vaccines prepared for individual cases. Bacteria were collected from lesional skin of each individual and cultured. More than 50% of cases (36/68) showed improvement clearly. Five out of 9 cases without topical steroid showed good response to this treatment. In regard to its clinical response it is suggested that the treatment should be continued for at least 1-2 years, because these cases treated for less than 1 year have high risk of recurrence. Five cases responded excellent showed complete remission of dermatitis for 10 months to 2 years after stopping of this treatment. These results suggest that bacterial vaccine can be beneficial for the treatment of severe cases of adult type AD, which did not respond to other therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Treatment of adult type atopic dermatitis (AD) with bacterial vaccine prepared from individual cases (II)--The mechanism].

Sixty eight cases with severe adult type AD treated by bacterial vaccine were classified into 2 subgroups, effective and ineffective cases. And the differences of these 2 subgroups were examined by various laboratory data. In effective groups, specific IgG antibody level against bacteria increased to correlate to the clinical course. In contrast, ineffective groups were not changed the antibody level. There were no significant differences between these 2 subgroups concerning results of specific IgE antibody level against bacteria. Decrease of CD4/CD8 ratio was more prominent in effective groups than ineffective groups after treated for 6 months. It is known that bacteria and bacterial products (peptidoglycan and endotoxin etc) cause release of histamine. Our results support that the elevation of specific IgG antibody against bacteria and enhanced cell mediated immunity are decreased the numbers of bacteria on the skin surface and improved irritable skin. These effects may be inhibit histamine release induced by bacteria, so therefore we suggest that general skin condition and pruritus with AD will be improved by the treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Evidence for a second isoform of the catalytic subunit of calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase (calcineurin A).

We have used a previously characterized rat cDNA clone for the catalytic (A) subunit of calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase (calcineurin), which we designated A alpha, to isolate cDNA clones coding for a second isoform of the A subunit, A beta. The A beta cDNA encodes a protein of 525 amino acids that is 81% identical with A alpha. The N-terminal region is dissimilar and contains a characteristic proline-rich sequence. The region homologous to protein phosphatases 1 and 2A (region between residues 87 and 338, 91% identical) and the calmodulin binding domain (region between residues 401 and 424, 96% identical) are highly conserved. The presence of two genes coding for calcineurin A suggests the possibility of important functional differences in the two enzymes.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1989

Comparison of peroral and percutaneous cholangioscopy.

The clinical applications of peroral and percutaneous cholangioscopies are discussed, and the indications, advantages, disadvantages and therapeutic results compared. Peroral cholangioscopy (PCS) performed between January 1986 and April 1989 with the most advanced mother and baby 'scope system was compared with percutaneous cholangioscopic procedures such as PTCS, POCS and PTCCS done in the same period. PCS was done to remove common bile duct stones using electrohydraulic lithotripsy and to diagnose bile duct tumors with effective biopsy studies. Removal of intrahepatic bile duct stones was successfully performed with percutaneous cholangioscopy compared with the PCS procedure. For direct visualization of common bile duct tumors, PCS was the preferred approach for tumors located in the middle CBD to the liver hilus. On the other hand, percutaneous approaches had a good indication for the lesions in the distal CBD. Thus, the best approach for each lesion should be selected for effective diagnosis and treatment.

Bile Duct Diseases↗
PubMed1989

Tumoral calcinosis in scleroderma.

A 36-year-old female patient with scleroderma/Sjögren's syndrome developed multiple cystic tumors on the dorsal aspect of her left hand, right elbow, and left shoulder joint two years after the onset of scleroderma. Histologically, amorphous eosinophilic substances located in subcutaneous tissue showed a strong positive reaction to PTAH and rosindole stain, and focal positive reaction to Von Kossa stain. Rheumatoid rice body like substances with chalky fluid were discharged from tumoral lesions. From these results, this case was diagnosed as tumoral calcinosis secondary to connective tissue degeneration due to the pathogenetic mechanism underlying scleroderma/Sjögren's syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Ala6]gastrin-releasing peptide-10: an analogue with dissociated biological activities.

COOH-terminal decapeptide of gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP-10) is a bombesin-like peptide, which has bioactivities to stimulate gastrin, insulin, and glucagon secretion. We have synthesized an analogue of GRP-10 that inhibits GRP-10's stimulation of insulin secretion both in vivo and in vitro and glucagon secretion in vivo, while potentiating the stimulation of gastrin secretion. The amino acid sequence of this peptide is H-Gly-Asn-Trp-Ala-Ala-Gly-His-Leu-Met-NH2 ([Ala6]GRP-10). Because the stimulation of insulin and gastrin secretion by GRP-10 has been ascribed to a direct effect on B- and G-cells, these findings suggest that there are two subtypes of receptors for bombesin-like peptides in mammalian tissues.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Stereotactic aqua stream and aspirator for hypertensive intracerebral hematoma.

The stereotactic aqua stream and aspirator (SAS & A) is a modification of the aqua stream and aspirator (AS & A) designed for stereotactic evacuation of intracerebral hematoma. The needle of the new instrument is inserted into the brain through a burr hole by a conventional stereotactic technique and its tip is directed to the center of the hematoma. The hematoma is broken up with a stream of saline solution from a nozzle. Fragments of clot and fluid can then be aspirated piecemeal through the suction tube. The postoperative CT images show successful evacuation of the hematoma, and the clinical evaluation also showed satisfactory results. This instrument can be used safely, without any complications, early after the stroke.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Comparison of the effects of glucagon-like peptide-1-(1-37) and -(7-37) and glucagon on islet hormone release from isolated perfused canine and rat pancreases.

Recently, it has been demonstrated that glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)-(7-37) possesses a potent insulinotropic activity. In this paper, we compared the effects of GLP-1-(1-37) and -(7-37) and glucagon on insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin release from isolated perfused canine and rat pancreases under the perfusate condition of 5.5 mM glucose plus arginine. With canine pancreas perfusion, 1 nM GLP-1-(7-37) was more potent in stimulating insulin and somatostatin release than was the same dose of glucagon [stimulation to 375 +/- 36% vs. 302 +/- 28% of the basal level for insulin (P less than 0.05); 724 +/- 129% vs. 311 +/- 33% of the basal level for somatostatin (P less than 0.01)]. GLP-1-(1-37) (1 nM) did not stimulate either insulin or somatostatin release. GLP-1-(7-37) (1 nM) decreased the glucagon level of the effluent perfusate to 67.2 +/- 3.4% of its basal level; but 1 nM GLP-1-(1-37) did not. Glucagon (1 nM) decreased GLP-1-like immunoreactivity to 64.0 +/- 5.2% of its basal level. With rat pancreatic perfusion, the minimal dose for stimulation of insulin release was 100 nM for GLP-1-(1-37), 0.1 nM for GLP-1-(7-37), and 1 nM for glucagon, respectively. Glucagon release was partially inhibited by 100 nM GLP-1-(1-37) and 1 and 10 nM GLP-1-(7-37). The present results indicate that 1) since GLP-1-(7-37) is released from the intestine, it might be an important incretin candidate along with gastric inhibitory peptide; and 2) the release of proglucagon-derived peptides from pancreatic A-cells is regulated by autofeedback through glucagon and GLP-1.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Comparison of the effects of various C-terminal and N-terminal fragment peptides of glucagon-like peptide-1 on insulin and glucagon release from the isolated perfused rat pancreas.

Truncated glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) possesses a potent stimulatory activity for insulin secretion and a slight inhibiting activity for glucagon secretion. The aim of this paper is to examine the activities of N- and C-terminal fragments of GLP-1 using a rat pancreas perfusion system. Concerning the N-terminal portion, GLP-1(7-37) amide elicited a clear insulinotropic activity at 0.1 or 1 nM with the perfusate containing 5.5 mM glucose and 5 mM arginine, while 10 nM GLP-1-(1-37) amide, -(6-37) amide, and -(8-37) amide did not. Concerning the C-terminal portion, GLP-1-(7-37) amide, -(7-37), and -(7-36) amide had a similar potency of insulinotropic activity, and GLP-1-(7-35) was less potent; 0.1 nM GLP-1-(7-35) did not stimulate insulin release, nor did 10 nM GLP-1-(7-20). Glucagon release was significantly suppressed by 1 and 10 nM GLP-1-(7-37) amide, 10 nM GLP-1-(7-37), and 1 nM GLP-1-(7-36) amide. Other fragment peptides of GLP-1, including GLP-1-(7-35), had no effect. From these results it is concluded that histidine at position 7 of GLP-1 as a free N-terminal amino acid is very important in GLP-1's insulinotropic activity and probably in glucagon-inhibiting activity, and that C-terminal amidation and three C-terminal amino acids are less important for these activities.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Effects of neuromedin B on insulin and glucagon release from the isolated perfused rat pancreas.

The effect of neuromedin B (NMB) on insulin and glucagon release was studied in isolated perfused rat pancreas. Infusion of NMB (10 nM, 100 nM and 1 microM) did not affect the insulin release under the perusate conditions of 5.5 mM glucose plus 10 mM arginine and 11 mM glucose plus 10 mM arginine, although 10 nM NMB tended to slightly suppress it under the perfusate condition of 5.5 mM glucose alone. The degree of stimulation of insulin release provoked by the addition of 5.5 mM glucose to the perfusate was not affected by the presence of 10 nM NMB. The glucagon release was slightly stimulated by the infusion of 100 nM and 1 microM NMB but not by 10 nM NMB under the perfusate condition of 5.5 mM glucose plus 10 mM arginine. The effect of C-terminal decapeptide of gastrin releasing peptide (GRP-10) was also examined and similar results were obtained; 10 nM and 100 nM GRP-10 did not affect insulin release and 100 nM GRP-10 stimulated glucagon release under the perfusate condition of 5.5 mM glucose plus 10 mM arginine. The present results concerning glucagon release are consistent with the previous results obtained with isolated perfused canine and porcine pancreas. However, the results regarding insulin release are not. Species differences in insulin release are also evident with other neuropeptides such as substance P and the mechanism of such differences remains for be clarified.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Removal of hypertensive intracerebral hematoma with stereotactic aqua-stream and aspirator (SAS & A)].

The stereotactic aqua-stream and aspirator (SAS & A) was a modification of the aqua-stream and aspirator (AS & A) in order to remove hypertensive intracerebral hematoma. The newly designed needles were held with an adaptor to any kind of Leksell's, Patil's, UT's, Sugita's, or Komai's stereotactic equipment. The needles were stereotactically inserted into the center of the hematoma cavity through a burr-hole. The needles were composed of an outer tube and two inner tubes. The inner tubes were arranged parallel with each other. One was an irrigation tube of 0.1 mm in inner diameter, the other was a suction tube of 2 mm in outer diameter. The blood clot was sucked through a window of the outer tube by the aspirator and incarcerated there soon after. The incarcerated blood clot was crushed by a small streak of saline solution from the nozzle of the irrigation tube. Crushed clot and fluid were sucked through the suction tube. The extent of evacuation of the hematoma was evaluated by CT scans during stereotactic surgery. In all 10 cases of hypertensive intracerebral hematoma, 73-98% of hematoma content was removed. Disturbances of consciousness recovered soon after the surgery. Aphasia and hemiparesis improved later. Hard clot could be removed completely and safely by this new instrument, SAS & A, at an early stage after a stroke, because of the crushing and washing action.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

The use of endoscopic ultrasonography in the diagnosis and staging of carcinoma of the papilla of Vater.

Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) was evaluated in the diagnosis of carcinoma of the papilla of Vater. Thirteen cases of carcinoma of the papilla examined by EUS were investigated with the aim of assessing the detection capability of EUS in comparison with other diagnostic tools, and its usefulness in diagnosing the extent of the tumor. The EUS image of the normal papilla of Vater presents as a round protruded region with the layered structure of the duodenal papilla along with images of periampullary organs. All but one of 13 tumors of the duodenal papilla presented as a hypoechoic solid mass at EUS. On the basis of an analysis of the layered structure of the papilla of Vater and/or the duodenal wall, EUS images of 12 cases of ampullary carcinoma confirmed histologically were analysed. The EUS images of the tumors of the duodenal papilla corresponded well with the histological findings. When the extent of carcinoma was classified in 4 stages by EUS, the accuracy rate was 83%. EUS is one of the most promising procedures for determining the extent of tumors of the duodenal papilla.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Differential staining of skin-limited amyloid and colloid bodies with immunofluorescence after pretreatments.

We examined whether immunoglobulin (Ig) and complement (C) components of amyloid and colloid bodies were inherent parts of these substances or were present due to nonspecific absorption only. In direct immunofluorescence (IF) studies without pretreatment, skin-limited and systemic amyloid and colloid bodies in all cases showed positive staining for Ig or C. When these sections were pretreated with 0.1 M glycine buffer (pH 7.2) or 0.05% Tween-20 solution, Ig and C in skin-limited amyloid deposits were negative or weakly positive. In contrast, positive fluorescence of colloid bodies and systemic amyloid masses was not influenced by pretreatment. Existence of amyloid masses before and after pretreatment were confirmed by Thioflavin-T and Dylon stains. In addition, pretreatment did not alter disulfide bonds by DACM staining or the reactivities of amyloid with monoclonal antikeratin antibody EKH4. These results suggest that skin-limited amyloid can be differentiated from systemic amyloid or colloid bodies by these methods. We can infer from the present studies that most of the Ig and C in skin-limited amyloid masses are a result of nonspecific absorption due to penetration of serum, which is different from Ig in systemic amyloid and colloid bodies in as much as in these conditions immunobinding is specific.

Amyloid↗
PubMed1988

A simple and useful method for simultaneous screening of elevated levels of expression of a variety of oncogenes in malignant cells.

Abnormal expression of various oncogenes has been implicated in the development of many malignant tumors. Although RNA blotting methods have been used to measure abnormal expression, they involve the time-consuming process of individually labeling the oncogene probes. To simplify this process we have attempted to develop a new method, termed simultaneous screening, which is based on the synthesis of radiolabeled cDNA corresponding to the mRNA population of malignant cells and on hybridization with various oncogene probes, immobilized on a membrane filter. This method circumvents the time-consuming process of the prevailing RNA blotting methods and is also sensitive enough to detect accurately a five- to ten-fold level of expression of rare mRNA (approximately 10 copies per cell). Overexpression of ten oncogenes was detected in a variety of malignant cells and mitogen-stimulated cells with this method. These results suggest that our simultaneous screening method can be used to examine the overexpression of oncogenes.

DNA↗