A method for rapid detection and identification of bromvalerylurea (BVU), bromodiethylacetylurea (BDU), and allylisopropylacetylurea (AIU) in serum and urine by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a multiwavelength UV detector after Sep-Pak C18 cartridge extraction is reported. A Jasco Finepak C18 reversed-phase column was used for the separation. Acetonitrile-distilled water (1:1, v/v) was used as a mobile phase. There was no significant absorption of the three hypnotics in the UV spectra (210-350 nm). However, the absorption of each was higher at the shorter wavelengths. The quantifications for the three hypnotics detected at 210 nm by the chromatogram were linear over the range 0.2-4 micrograms/mL and the detection limits of BVU, BDU, and AIU were 5, 10, and 10 ng as absolute amounts, respectively. The mean recovery yields of BVU, BDU, and AIU by Sep-Pak C18 cartridge extraction were 85.7 +/- 4.1, 98.6 +/- 2.2, and 95.1 +/- 3.5% (n = 5) in serum and 79.5 +/- 3.8, 95.7 +/- 1.8, and 93.0 +/- 4.2% (n = 5) in urine, respectively. An optimal system of thin-layer chromatography for the identification of the hypnotics is also discussed.

Bromisovalum↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Application of high energy shock waves to cancer treatment in combination with cisplatin and ATX-70.

BACKGROUND: The anti-tumor effects of high-energy shock waves (HESW) in combination with cisplatin (CDDP) and ATX-70, as a photosensitizer, were investigated in vitro and in vivo. METHODS: Active oxygen generation by HESW was studied by means of electron spin resonance (ESR) system. The anti-tumor effects of HESW in combination with cisplatin (CDDP) and ATX-70 was investigated in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS: HESW exposure induced singlet oxygen or hydroxyl radical. Adding ATX-70 enhanced the cell damage induced by HESW dose-dependently. Ascorbic acid inhibited the combined effect of HESW and ATX-70. Adding CDDP did not enhanced cell damage by HESW. The combined therapy of HESW, CDDP and ATX-70 showed further inhibition of tumor growth in vivo. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that HESW activated ATX-70, and that the anti-tumor effect of HESW and ATX-70 was caused by active oxygen generation. HESW is able to be utilized with any other cancer treatment.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Prognostic value of peritoneal lavage cytology and chemotherapy during surgery for advanced gastric cancer.

BACKGROUND: The prognostic value of intra-operative peritoneal lavage cytology and chemotherapy was evaluated retrospectively. METHOD: Lavage cytology was performed in 257 patients. Prognosis was investigated in 85 of pT3 and pT4 patients with radical gastrectomy. Intra-operative chemotherapy was selected according to the cytology and exploration of the peritoneal cavity. For patients forecasted to have peritoneal recurrence, intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin was performed. RESULTS: No free cancer cells (cy(-)) were found in pTis, pT1 and pT2. In pT3 and pT4, cy(-) were 82.8% of the cases without macroscopic metastasis (P(-)), and the presence of free cancer cells (cy(+)) were 89.3% of the cases with macroscopic metastasis (P(+)). Intraperitoneal injection was performed in about 60% of P(-)/cy(+) and P(+) cases. Five-year survival rate of P(-)/cy(-) was 41.7% and that of P(-)/cy(+) was 33.3%. All of P(+) died within 3 years. CONCLUSION: Patients of P(-)/cy(+) probably had microscopic residual disease and might benefit from intraperitoneal chemotherapy.

Antineoplastic Agents↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of ultraviolet radiation on the water-reservoir functions of the stratum corneum.

The stratum corneum plays an important role in keeping the skin surface supple and flexible. After exposure to sunlight, the skin may become dry and scaly. In the present study, the water content, hygroscopicity and water-holding capacity of the stratum corneum were examined after ultraviolet B (UVB) exposure to the guinea pig skin. Manually depilated back skin was exposed once to 1, 2 and 3 times the minimal erythema dose of UVB, and a time course study was performed. Our study demonstrated the following: The water content, water-holding capacity and hygroscopicity decreased after UVB irradiation. They decreased roughly dependent on UVB dose. The decreased water content and water-holding capacity were noted on day 1 and persisted until day 10 to 14. In contrast, the decrease in hygroscopicity became apparent 3 days after exposure and returned to the preirradiated state on day 7. The impaired functional parameters were partially prevented by topical application of a sunscreen. These results indicate that a single exposure to UVB can damage the function of the stratum corneum.

Absorption↗