Evaluation of pancreas graft function by the measurement of pancreatic protein synthesis rate.
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
H Miyauchi
Publications and source records attributed to H Miyauchi.
The effect of high-energy shock wave therapy combined with cisplatin on mouse hepatoma.
It is well documented that high-energy shock waves (HESW) can produce antitumor effects in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, because HESW can be focused on a limited area, this therapy is considered applicable to the treatment of localized cancer. In this study, we investigated the effects of HESW therapy combined with cisplatin (CDDP) on MH134 hepatoma in a mouse model. Tumor growth was inhibited by 1 mg/kg CDDP treatment in combination with 2,000 HESW administration, but not by 1 mg/kg CDDP treatment only. Moreover, the CDDP concentration in the tumor increased after HESW administration. The active oxygen induced by HESW was then investigated by the electron spin resonance system, and it was found that HESW generated hydroxy-radicals. As oxygen radicals have been reported to change cell membrane potential, it is supposed that active oxygen induced by HESW changes cell membrane permeability, and that CDDP is concentrated in the tumor. Therefore, the combined therapy with HESW and CDDP showed synergistic inhibitory effects on tumor growth.
Animals↗
Ultraviolet B-induced local immunosuppression of contact hypersensitivity is modulated by ultraviolet irradiation and hapten application.
The induction of contact hypersensitivity is suppressed when hapten is applied topically to an area irradiated by ultraviolet B (UVB). There is no standardized procedure to induce this local immunosuppression by UVB. We investigated the effects of the following factors on induction of dinitrofluorobenzene contact hypersensitivity in mice. UVB dose, divided UVB exposure, timing of sensitization after irradiation, hapten concentration, hapten volume (application area), sex, age, and simultaneous sensitization on UV-exposed and nonexposed skin. The suppression was enhanced by increasing the UVB dose. When 100 mJ/cm2 of UVB was irradiated, divided daily exposure (25 mJ x 4 d) was more suppressive than single exposure (100 mJ x 1 d). Sensitization 2 d after irradiation (100 mJ/cm2) induced suppression most effectively. When 25 microliters of dinitrofluorobenzene solution was applied to exposed skin, higher concentrations induced lower suppression. When the total dose of hapten was kept constant (92 micrograms), the application of lower concentrations to large areas (0.25%, 25 microliters) caused stronger suppression than higher concentrations (1%, 6.25 microliters) to small areas. Simultaneous sensitization on UV-exposed and nonexposed skin revealed less suppression than sensitization only on exposed skin. The suppression of contact hypersensitivity was significantly greater in young than in old mice. These results provide details that may be useful in designing studies involving immunosuppression by UVB radiation.
Aging↗
Enhancement of the antitumor effect by combined use of high-energy shock waves and ATX-70.
The antitumor effects of high-energy shock waves (HESW) in combination with ATX-70 [a gallium-porphyrin complex, 2,4-bis(1-decyloxyethyl)-Ga(III)-1,3,5,8-tetramethylporphyrin++ +-6, 7-dipropionyl diaspartic acid [sequence: see text] were investigated. In vitro, the cell damage to mouse MH134 hepatoma after HESW treatment was enhanced by adding ATX-70. In vivo, HESW and ATX-70 combination therapy inhibited cell growth. However, neither HESW treatment alone nor ATX-70 treatment alone inhibited cell growth. These results imply that the antitumor effects of HESW and ATX-70 combined therapy are caused by activation of ATX-70 by HESW.
Animals↗
Orally administered bovine lactoferrin inhibits bacterial translocation in mice fed bovine milk.
Feeding of bovine milk to mice induced a high incidence of bacterial translocation from the intestines to the mesenteric lymph nodes, and the bacteria involved were mainly members of the family Enterobacteriaceae. Supplementation of the milk diet with bovine lactoferrin or a pepsin-generated hydrolysate of bovine lactoferrin resulted in significant suppression of bacterial translocation. Our findings suggest that this ability of lactoferrin to inhibit bacterial translocation may be due to its suppression of bacterial overgrowth in the guts of milk-fed mice.
Administration, Oral↗
Detection of action, inhibition and augmentation spectra in solar urticaria.
BACKGROUND: The action spectrum of solar urticaria varies among cases. In addition, light spectra outside the activating wavelengths can influence the wheal formation in selected patients. OBJECTIVE: To know the mechanisms of light energy, we examined the effect of wavelengths on the skin and the serum factor. METHODS: The patient's skin and serum were exposed to artificial light sources, in vivo and in vitro, respectively. RESULTS: The action spectrum ranged from UVA to visible light (approximately 480 nm). The exposure to longer wavelengths immediately after the exposure inhibited the development of urticaria. Conversely, the irradiation of longer wavelengths before exposure increased the wheal formation. Furthermore, UVB irradiation prior to the exposure of urticaria-eliciting light also increased the urticarial reaction, while postirradiation of UVB had no effect. The patient developed an urticarial wheal at the site of injection of her own serum, which had been previously exposed to the action spectrum in vitro. Preirradiation increased the production of the photosensitizer, while postirradiation revealed no effect. Ultrafiltration techniques showed that the molecular weight of the photosensitizer is more than 300 kD. CONCLUSION: We detected action, inhibition and augmentation spectra in a patient with a severe solar urticaria. Various wavelengths influence the wheal-forming factor in complex interactions.
Anaphylaxis↗
The effect of cryo-treatment on epidermal Langerhans cells and immune function in mice.
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Animals↗
Phototoxicity and photoallergenicity of quinolones in guinea pigs.
Clinical reports indicate that the fluoroquinolone group of antibiotics can induce cutaneous photosensitivity reactions. In the present study, phototoxicity and photoallergenicity of quinolones including nalidixic acid (NA) norfloxacin (NFLX), ofloxacin (OFLX), enoxacin (ENX), ciprofloxacin (CPFX), lomefloxacin (LFLX), and tosufloxacin (TFLX) were experimentally examined in an in vivo system using the guinea pig. Phototoxicity of all quinolones tested was demonstrated after a single, oral administration of the drugs and subsequent exposure to long-wave ultraviolet (UVA) at a dose of 30 J/cm2. The phototoxic potencies were: ENX, LFLX > OFLX > NA, TFLX > NFLX, CPFX. Photoallergic reaction was also induced to LFLX and NA by pretreatment with cyclophosphamide, an immunoadjuvant. No cross-reactions in photoallergy were observed among quinolones. The photo-ingestion test was positive in photoallergically sensitized animals, while the photopatch test was negative. This is the first report which demonstrated experimentally the photoallergenicity of quinolones. Clinical features of the photosensitivity due to quinolones can be explained by the results of the present experiments.
4-Quinolones↗
Cockayne syndrome in two adult siblings.
Although survival beyond the second decade is unusual in patients who have Cockayne syndrome, we describe two brothers with the syndrome who are 42 and 55 years of age. Their cultured skin fibroblasts showed extreme UV sensitivity but had almost normal UV-induced unscheduled DNA synthesis. The patients were classified as genetic complementation group B after study of the recovery of RNA synthesis after UV irradiation of fused cells. Clinical phototesting revealed a reduced threshold for UVB erythema.
Adult↗
Clinical and experimental photosensitivity reaction to tilisolol hydrochloride.
This report describes a patient who developed a photosensitivity reaction during the treatment of hypertension with tilisolol hydrochloride, which is a beta-blocker agent Although the data are insufficient to distinguish photoallergy and phototoxicity, clinical and histologic features suggested that the mechanism involved was photoallergic in nature. The action spectrum was mainly the ultraviolet A range. The reaction was reproducible on oral readministration of the drug and exposure to a low dose of UVA. Photopatch testing with the drug was also positive only in the patient. Although the experimental photoallergic reaction was not induced in the guinea pig, phototoxic potential was demonstrated in the animal. To our knowledge, a photosensitivity reaction due to tilisolol hydrochloride has not been previously reported in the English literature.
Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
Graft viability assay for preserved livers using hepatic protein synthesis rates in a rat liver transplantation model.
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Alanine Transaminase↗
Combined method of mechanical chopper and automated digestion system for islet isolation.
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Animals↗
[A case of Borrmann type 4 gastric cancer responding to sequential methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil combined with CDDP].
A case of Borrmann type 4 gastric cancer responding to sequential methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil combined with cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (CDDP) is reported. A 57-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital complaining of abdominal fullness. Upper gastrointestinal series and gastrofiberscopy revealed almost the entire stomach was involved with Borrmann type 4 cancer. Gastrectomy could not be performed because of peritoneal dissemination. However, the patient responded to sequential methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil therapy and CDDP administration. She enjoyed more than one year of hospital-free survival period and survived for almost two years.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Noonan phenotype associated with intracerebral hemorrhage and cerebral vascular anomalies: case report.
A case of a 19-year-old man with multiple characteristics of the Noonan phenotype and a massive intracerebral hemorrhage in the left putaminal region is presented. The hemorrhage was removed surgically, and the patient made a good recovery and was finally able to walk unassisted. Postoperative cerebral angiograms revealed various vascular anomalies, including a small aneurysm. To the best of our knowledge, this is the second detailed case report of an association of the Noonan phenotype with cerebral vascular anomalies presenting intracerebral hemorrhage. The etiology of this syndrome remains unknown but the possible causes of this rare association are discussed.
Adult↗
The effect of ultraviolet (UVB and PUVA) radiation on the expression of epidermal keratins.
Using a panel of monoclonal antibodies directed against keratins (PKK2, CK8.12 and KL1), the effects of ultraviolet B (UVB) and psoralen plus ultraviolet A (PUVA) irradiation on keratin expression in guinea-pig skin were examined immunohistochemically. Following irradiation, whether by UVB or PUVA, rapid alterations in the distribution pattern of keratins were observed in the epidermis. The alterations included the induction of basal cell-type keratins (PKK2 and CK8.12 staining) in the suprabasal layers, with concomitant reduction of the suprabasal-type keratins (KL1 staining). These alterations in keratin expression were observed during the period when DNA synthesis appears to be accelerated by ultraviolet light exposure (5 h-5 days after UVB, and 2-10 days after PUVA irradiation). Therefore, these changes are probably reflections of a proliferative or regenerative state of keratinocytes. This explanation was supported by the result of an experiment involving tape stripping of the epidermal horny layers, which also accelerates DNA synthesis by keratinocytes. Immunohistochemistry appears to be a useful and sensitive method of detecting the effect of ultraviolet light on keratinization.
Animals↗
A new animal model for contact dermatitis: the hairless guinea pig.
Allergic and irritant contact reactions were evaluated in the recently identified hairless guinea pig, Crl:IAF(HA)BR, a mutant from the Hartley strain. The cutaneous changes were observed macro- and microscopically. The irritant contact dermatitis was induced by croton oil, 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB), or anthralin. Both hairless and hairy guinea pigs developed similar reactions to these chemicals. The density of the epidermal Langerhans cells (LC) of hairless guinea pigs was significantly higher than that in the hairy strain. Allergic contact sensitization was easily induced with DNCB. Photoallergic contact sensitization was also induced with tetrachlorosalicylanilide (TCSA) but not with tribromosalicylanilide (TBS). However, by administration of cyclophosphamide before sensitization, positive photocontact responses were seen with TBS. These results indicate that hairless guinea pigs can be used as animal models for investigation of immunologic and nonimmunologic contact reactions.
Allergens↗
The distribution of IgG subclass autoantibodies in bullous pemphigoid analysed by immunofluorescence and immunoblotting.
The distribution of IgG subclasses in bullous pemphigoid (BP) autoantibodies in 14 BP sera and four biopsies was analysed by immunofluorescence (IF) and immunoblotting (IB). Three clones of monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) to each IgG subclass were used. All 14 sera showed linear fluorescence in the basement membrane zone with IF, and 240 kDa and/or 180 kDa protein bands in human epidermal extract were detected by IB using a polyclonal antibody to total IgG. BP antibody in IgG4 subclass was found to be predominant, as it was detected most frequently and intensively in all positive sera and lesions studied by both techniques. In the IgG1 to IgG3 subclasses, a range of proportions of positive sera was obtained among MoAbs to the same IgG subclass in both techniques. However, one MoAb could detect IgG1 subclass BP antibody with a high frequency in both techniques. No difference in IgG subclass distribution of BP antibodies was observed during the course of the disease. In each serum, any IgG subclass of BP antibody recognized the identical BP antigen(s). These results suggest the predominance of IgG4 subclass and the possible presence of IgG1 subclass in BP antibodies.
Aged↗
Successful treatment of disseminated cutaneous cytomegalic inclusion disease associated with Hodgkin's disease.
A case of disseminated cutaneous cytomegalic inclusion disease associated with Hodgkin's disease is described. The patient had a diffuse eruption of pruritic, erosive erythematous nodules. Histologically, many inclusion bodies were observed in perivascular areas of the skin lesions. Immunohistologically, the inclusion bodies positively stained with both anticytomegalovirus antibody and anti-factor VIII-related antibody. On electron microscopy many virus particles and dense bodies were found in the area where inclusion bodies were observed. Treatment with high-dose intravenous acyclovir and a large amount of immunoglobulin resulted in prompt healing of the skin lesions. Subsequently, the patient's Hodgkin's disease was well controlled on chemotherapy. The patient steadily improved without relapse of skin lesions 1 year after antiviral therapy was administered.
Aged↗