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Biomedical subjects

H Mitsuya

Publications and source records attributed to H Mitsuya.

342 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Crossed ectopia of solitary kidney. A report of two cases and a review of the literature.

Two cases of crossed ectopia of solitary kidney found in two boys are present. This rare anomaly has been accompanied by imperforate anus and inguinal hernia in one boy and by imperforate anus, urethrorectal fistula, cryptorchism, and penoscrotal and vertebral anomalies in the other. 21 cases have been collected and the present two patients appear to be the 22nd and 23rd cases reported in the world literature.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1975

Acute renal insufficiency following hydrostatic pressure treatment: comments on technical procedure.

A man with a solitary bladder carcinoma suffered acute tubular necrosis following hydrostatic pressure therapy. The nephrotoxicity caused by antibiotics and/or the septicemic shock seems to be responsible. The animal experiment suggested changes in the technique: 1) the bladder should be overdistended via a Foley catheter with a rubber ballon at the tip to prevent a possible postoperative complication and 2) one should try to decrease rather than maintain the high intravesical pressure during overdistension to avoid bladder wall rupture. The overstretching of a blood vessel alone is quite sufficient to bring the anoxia upon the bladder tumor, which is verfied by the biophysical principle.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Strategies for antiviral therapy in AIDS.

The retrovirus that causes AIDS has revealed enough of its life history for a variety of therapeutic strategies to be apparent. Some of these are suitable for immediate application in clinical trials or have already yielded positive results in some patients.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Potentiation of the anti-HIV activity of zalcitabine and lamivudine by a CTP synthase inhibitor, 3-deazauridine.

Low levels of the CTP synthase inhibitor 3-deazauridine (3-DU) strongly potentiated the anti-HIV-1 activity of the 5'-triphosphates of the cytidine-based analogues [-]2'-deoxy-3'-thiacytidine (3TC; lamivudine) and 2',3'-dideoxycytidine (ddC). The potentiation was associated with a 3-DU-induced decrease in dCTP pool size; no changes were seen in cellular pool sizes of dATP, dGTP or dTTP.

3-Deazauridine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Overview of the preclinical development of an antiretroviral drug, 2',3'-dideoxyinosine.

AIDS has remained a significant and worsening medical problem since its first description as a new clinical entity in 1981. In the past 6 years, substantial progress has been made in the chemotherapy for this disease; such progress is likely to exert a major effect on the epidemic of human immunodeficiency virus infection in the coming decade. In this article, we overview the preclinical development of an antiretroviral drug, 2',3'-dideoxyinosine (didanosine; ddI), which has recently been shown in early phase I studies to have activity against human immunodeficiency virus in patients with AIDS or AIDS-related complex. Although we will not know the full clinical potential of ddI until we have the results of ongoing controlled clinical trials, this drug appears to possess desirable features for clinical use.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The National Cancer Institute phase I study of 2',3'-dideoxyinosine administration in adults with AIDS or AIDS-related complex: analysis of activity and toxicity profiles.

2',3'-Dideoxyinosine (didanosine; ddI) was administered to 37 adults with AIDS or AIDS-related complex in an escalating-dose phase I study. Groups of three or four patients received intravenous dosages of 0.4 mg/(kg.d) to 25.6 mg/(kg.d) divided into two or three daily doses for 2 weeks, followed by oral ddI at twice the intravenous dosages. When given with antacids, ddI was well absorbed by the oral route and penetrated into the cerebrospinal fluid. The patients had an increase in mean number of CD4+ cells from 114/mm3 at entry to 161/mm3 at week 6 (P = .00004). They also had an increase in the CD4+/CD8+ ratio and in total number of lymphocytes. Sixteen of 18 evaluable patients had a decrease in levels of human immunodeficiency virus p24 antigen by week 6 (P = .0034). Many patients reported increased energy and appetite and gained weight. Dose-limiting toxicities at high dosages were painful peripheral neuropathy and sporadic pancreatitis. However, dosages up to 9.6 mg/(kg.d) have been tolerated in patients for 11-14 months. Thus, ddI has activity against human immunodeficiency virus at dosages that can be tolerated for approximately 1 year. However, life-threatening pancreatitis is a possible complication even at low dosages, and the best ways to manage and avoid adverse effects are still under study.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Anomalous accumulation and decay of 2',3'-dideoxyadenosine-5'-triphosphate in human T-cell cultures exposed to the anti-HIV drug 2',3'-dideoxyinosine.

The rates of accumulation and decay of 2',3'-dideoxyadenosine-5'-triphosphate (ddATP) have been examined after incubation with the anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) agents 2',3'-dideoxyinosine (ddIno) and 2',3'-dideoxyadenosine (ddAdo) in human T-cell systems frequently used for assay of anti-HIV agents (MOLT-4 and CEM). Formation of ddATP from ddIno or ddAdo was rapid and concentration-dependent, with no saturation of phosphorylation being observed up to extremely high levels (1 mM) of drug. Rates of removal of ddATP from MOLT-4 cells were slow (t1/2 = 25-40 hr) and appeared to be monophasic. These unusually long half-times for ddATP utilization are not a general property of purine dideoxypurine nucleosides: when the corresponding guanine analog (2',3'-dideoxyguanosine) was examined under the same conditions, the t1/2 of ddGTP removal was only 3-5 hr. Similar results were observed with the human T-cell line CCRF-CEM. Coadministration with ddIno of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase inhibitors, such as ribavirin and tiazofurin, yielded higher levels of ddATP in MOLT-4 and CEM cells, but did not influence the slow removal of ddATP from T-cells. The long half-time for disappearance of ddATP from cells may permit the maintenance of pharmacologically effective levels of ddATP within cells with relatively infrequent administration of the parent drug (ddIno or ddAdo).

Antiviral Agents↗