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Biomedical subjects

H Meyer

Publications and source records attributed to H Meyer.

At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

[Studies on calf salmonellosis. 4. Oral and parenteral immunization with live (Smd) and killed antigens].

Reported are results obtained from studies into oral and parenteral immunisation of calf. The approaches had included the use of live (Smd) or dead antigen from Salmonella (S.) dublin and a combination of the two immunisation methods. Live antigen (Smd) was superior to thermally activated dead antigen, when the oral route was used to prevent S.-dublin injection of calves. The above findings were supported by results from analogous studies in which S. typhimurium and S. dublin or live antigen (Smd) or dead antigen, made of the two, had been applied to mice. (One single subcutaneous) parenteral administration did hardly reveal any difference in favour of live vaccine (Smd). Parenteral administration of live or dead antigen proved to be less effective than repeated oral immunisation, particularly when live vaccine (Smd) was used. Immunity not less than up to six months of age against S. dublin wild strain infection can be provided for young calves by oral immunisation, with Smd vaccine (5. 1010 to 1. 1011 live germs/d) being given on ten consecutive days. Calves orally immunised with live antigen (ten repetitive applications of Smd mutants) are likely to develop an antibody titre (H-agglutinins) against S. dublin. Parenteral boostering,using live antigen, has been accompanied by sensitisation due to oral live antigen administration as well as by dose dependence, as was seen from the bactericidal values. Sensitisation was established from orally immunised calves up to three months old (typical booster reaction). Some of it was attributabale to confrontation with wild strains of Salmonella. The H-agglutinin titres of animals aged threemonths in a calf herd with salmonelloses in which all animals had been orally Smd-immunised were close to those recorded from calves in stocks with no salmonellosis occurrence. Under the conditions of oral immunisation, there had obviously been no action of the wild strain which might have triggered intensive antibody formation.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1977

[Studies on Salmonellosis in the calf. 5. Clinical testing of Smd-Salmonella-dublin vaccine for oral administration].

The oral vaccine, prepared on the basis of streptomycindependent mutants for administration to control S.-dublin infection, was clinically tested on 2,210 calves of 22 herds. The experimentally obtained findings regarding good tolerance and sufficient effectiveness of oral live vaccines were thus confirmed under field conditions. Good effectiveness of the oral vaccine was reflected in the recorded decline of clinical salmonellosis cases and of calf losses due to salmonellosis, and it was established also by bacteriological identification of S. dublin in faecal samples, histological sections, and material obtained from emergency slaughter carcasses. A comparison between this oral vaccine and "Mellavax" an imported vaccine for subcutaneous adminstration with good effectiveness, revealed superiority of the oral vaccine by almost all criteria of action. Particular importance was attributed to the significant reduction of the number of Salmonella-excreting animals (faeces) following oral immunisation. The oral vaccine against Dublin salmonellosis of calf was disembargoed for production in 1975 under the name of "Salmonella-dublin Live Vaccine Dessau".

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1977

[Present aspects of bacterial endocarditis in infants and children. Observation during the years 1969-1976 (author's transl)].

21 infants and children with proven bacterial endocarditis were observed at the Unviersity Children Hospital of Düsseldorf from January 1969 to December 1976. There was high incidence of cases in the infant group and again among the 6 to 8 years old children. Some important aspects of the disease were characteristic for the infant group (N=5): No congenital cardiac abnormality was present, but a surgical cerebro-atrial connection in two cases of hydrocephalus and a prolonged artifical respiration in a third patient could have been predisposing factors. Staphylococci were the pathologic organisms in three infants. The course of the disease consistently resembled that of septicemia and the outcome was always lethal. The diagnosis of bacterial endocarditis was disclosed only by the post mortem examination. The mitral and the tricuspid valves were affected twice respectively, the pulmonary cusps only once. In the children group (N=16) fifteen patients had a congenital malformation of the heart confirmed by previous catheterization. 8 were cyanotic and 5 of them had a tetralogy of Fallot with previous aorto-pulmonary shunting procedure (Waterston). Unlike the spectrum of micro-organisms presently found in adults, the streptococcus viridans prevailed as before, it was isolated in 11 of the 13 blood cultures which yielded positive results. The disease displayed a subacute course and mortality remained with 3 deaths relatively low. In 3 other cases a valve lesion subsisted, in two instances severe enough to necessitate surgery (aortic valve prosthesis, mitral annular narrowing). No relapse was observed during the mean follow up period of 2;8 years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[Clinical results of esophagojejunoplication (author's transl)].

Indications, surgical technique, and clinical results in esophagojejunoplication are shown. In 46 patients the indication for total gastrectomy in 20 cases was a benign disease and in 26 cases cancer of the stomach. An essential feature of this method is the construction of a jejunal cuff, which is drawn around the anastomosis and the terminal esophagus. Particular advantage is the security of the anastomosis; we have observed only three leakages and these were without complications (6.5%). The fatality rate was 8.5%, and the total rate of complications was 26.1%. With 30 surviving patients a postoperative follow-up was carried out, the results of which are shown. Jejunoesophageal reflux occurred in only 7.9% of these patients.

Esophagus↗
PubMed1976

[General adaptation syndrome (Selye) in the calf. 5. Effect of increased glucocorticosteroid values on the phagocytosis activity of luekocytes, the function of RHS and the morphology of lymphatic organs].

Studies were conducted with the view to elucidating the correlations between increased glucocorticosteroid levels in the blood and the defense potential of calf organism against infectious diseases. The test animals were exposed to several substances (ACTH, cortisol, colibacteria, coliendotoxin), and even one to two days of increased 11-OHKS values were followed by marked decline in phagocytosis activity of leucocytes. In addition, RHS function was considerably reduced, after ten to thirteen days of application had elapsed, since at that point the disappearance of intravenously applied bacteria from circulating blood of test animals took place at rates which were much lower than those recorded from untreated calves. Differentiated length of stress or action (four to thirteen days) was followed by conspicuous changes in the lymphatic tissue of calf organism, with severe involution of thymus and follicular atrophy of intestine-associated lymphatic tissue having been the major findings. The results seem to suggest that rise in adrenocortical hormone level under stress may reduce potential organic defense to infection.

11-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed1976

[Artificial intranasal bacterial invasion in the newborn calf. 2. Artificial bacterial invasion using gram-positive and gram-negative strains].

A micrococcal and a diplocaccal strain isolated from the nasal space of a clinically intact nursed calf were used for artificial bacterial invasion in the first phase of the experiment. Application of bacterial suspension prepared from those strains had no effect upon the rise of coli counts in the nasal secretion of nursed calves during their first days of age nor upon the morbidity or mortality of all 677 test animals in comparison to 665 controls. Therefore, an avirulent E.-coli strain was used in subsequent bacterial invasion experiments. The strain was retrievable up to the seventh day of age, the count having been about 10(5) bacteria per gram nasal secretion. Application of a bacterial suspension prepared from that E.-coli strain did not reduce morbidity and mortality among 820 test animals that were compared to 809 controls. Results are discussed in this paper with reference to literature.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Electron microscopic study of Trypanosoma cruzi periplast in tissue cultures. I. Number and arrangement of the peripheral microtubules in the various forms of the parasite's life cycle.

In an electron microscopic study, counts of peripheral microtubules were made in spheromastigotes and trypomastigotes in tissue cultures of embryonic heart muscle cells. In interphase spheromastigotes there were, at the level of the nucleus, approximately 114 microtubules; in dividing forms, there were approximately 222. In trypomastigotes, the number of microtubules varied according to the level of the section--there were fewer than 40 tubules in the pointed ends of an organism, while in the central segment the number of these elements ranged from 60 to 115. The highest number of microtubules was found in the region containing the Golgi complex. The distance between the microtubules was constant, equalling 44 nm, even at the pointed ends of a trypanosome. This suggests that the microtubules course parallel to one another. Cross sections and randomly arranged, variable length, longitudinal sections of the tubules were noted around the kinetosomes in dividing organisms.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

The different actions of chloride and potassium on postsynaptic inhibition of an isolated neurone.

Isolated stretch receptor neurones from freshwater crayfish were examined in solutions containing different concentrations of chloride and potassium. In normal solution the inhibitory reversal potential (Eipsp) of this preparation was strictly negative with respect to the resting potential and even to the reversal potential of spike after-hyperpolarization. The time courses of resting potential and Eipsp following rapid solution change suggest that the current generating the IPSP is mainly carried by chloride ions and that the participation of potassium is very small. This has also been confirmed by the calculated conductances of the activated inhibitory membrane in the different solutions. The results add further evidence for an outwardly directed pumping of chloride ions which keeps the intracellular concentration of this anion at the low level necessary for hyperpolarizing inhibition.

Animals↗