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Biomedical subjects

H Matthys

Publications and source records attributed to H Matthys.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

T-lymphocytosis in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Changes in profile of T-cell subsets during the course of disease.

Recently, increased proportions of OKT 4+ helper T-lymphocytes have been reported in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid of patients with active sarcoidosis. In this study we were interested in T-cell subsets of hypersensitivity pneumonitis, a disease characterized by a similar increase in BAL T-lymphocytes as active sarcoidosis. We applied an immunoperoxidase method performed on glass slides using the monoclonal antibodies OKT 3, 4, and 8 to study T-cell subsets in blood and BAL of eight patients with hypersensitivity pneumonitis, 11 patients with active sarcoidosis, and ten control subjects. OKT 8+ suppressor cells were found to be the predominant cell type in the BAL of patients with hypersensitivity pneumonitis and recent antigen exposure. After avoidance of further antigen exposure, suppressor cells decreased and helper cells increased. The results suggest that T-lymphocytosis in BAL of hypersensitivity pneumonitis and pulmonary sarcoidosis is mediated by different immunologic mechanisms.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Stimulation of limited sperm motility and mucociliary clearance of the lung with theophyllin-ethylendiamin].

The influence of oral aminophylline (Phyllotemp ret., 2 X 225 mg) on the mucociliary clearance of the lung and on sperm motility was examined in 13 patients with asthenospermia vs. placebo because the anatomic structure of the cilia of the sperm cells and of the respiratory epithelium cells is similar. The mucociliary clearance was measured by means of radioactive tagged (99 mTc) monodisperse particles (erythrocytes from the patients). To attain a reproducible deposition pattern, the particles were inhaled during a slow inspiratory vital capacity maneuvre. The i.v. application of aminophylline (6 mg/kg body weight) to four normal subjects increased the mucociliary clearance in three of the four volunteers vs. placebo. The elimination rate of the particles increased under treatment with aminophylline from 29% +/- 12% to 46% +/- 19%, but only in seven of the 13 patients with asthenospermia. Sperm motility increased in all of the patients from 33% +/- 12% to 54% +/- 14%. No correlation was found between the increase in the mucociliary clearance and the sperm motility. The reasons for this difference will be discussed. Theophylline can be recommended for the treatment of male infertility in cases of asthenospermia.

Aminophylline↗
PubMed1983

Mucociliary clearance in patients with chronic bronchitis and bronchial carcinoma.

We measured the mucociliary clearance rates and lung function data of 40 normal subjects, of 30 smokers with chronic bronchitis and of 64 patients with bronchial carcinoma. The mucociliary clearance rate of cancer patients was significantly lower than that of normal subjects and of patients with chronic bronchitis who smoked the same amount of cigarettes. The fast clearing phase of the central bronchial tree is more delayed than the peripheral mucociliary clearance rate in smokers with and without carcinoma. With our mucociliary clearance measurement we assessed the self-cleaning filter function of about the first 10 generations of the branching bronchial tree where also most bronchial carcinomas develop. The correlation between lung function data (MMEF) and smoking habits is much better (r = 0.73) than with the measured mucociliary clearance rates (r = 0.3), suggesting that inborn errors of mucociliary transport are nearly as important as external lung damage due to smoking and infection in the development of chronic bronchitis and bronchial carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Dextromethorphan and codeine: objective assessment of antitussive activity in patients with chronic cough.

Dextromethorphan, the most widely used cough suppressant in the U.S.A., was compared with codeine, the traditional European antitussive, in a double-blind, crossover trial using both an objective and subjective assessment of efficacy in sixteen patients with chronic, stable cough. Both preparations, at a dose of 20 mg, were similarly effective in reducing cough frequency. Dextromethorphan lowered cough intensity to a greater degree than codeine (p less than 0.0008) and was considered the better antitussive by the majority of patients (p less than 0.001). In view of its lack of side-effects, its safety even in overdose and its non-narcotic status, the increasing trend in Europe to use dextromethorphan as a substitute for codeine in the treatment of cough is to be welcomed.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Ventilation scintigraphy of the lung with 99mTc-DTPA or with 99mTc-sulfur colloid?].

Ventilation scintigraphy of the lung, obtained with sufficiently small 99mTc-labelled aerosol particles, provides an image of ventilation distribution that is acceptable in clinical routine. Whether 99mTc-DTPA or 99mTc-sulfur colloid is more suitable as a carrier was studied in 6 smokers and 8 non-smokers with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. 99mTc-sulfur colloid was not absorbed by the bronchial mucosa and therefore appears to be an almost ideal agent. In contrast, 99mTc-DTPA was absorbed by the bronchial mucosa in all smoking patients more rapidly and inhomogenously than in non-smokers. The quantitative and qualitative comparison of the two dorsal ventilation scans taken both immediately after inhalation and 20 min later, showed in all 6 smoking patients after 20 min significant differences which influenced the diagnosis result. 99mTC-DTPA is therefore not recommended for use in ventilation lung scintigraphy, especially in smoking patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Effects of ketotifen on cholinergic induced airway obstruction.

By repeated inhalant carbachol provocation tests on 13 normal and 13 asthmatic subjects, we investigated the effect of ketotifen (as compared with placebo) on the cholinergic responsiveness of the airways. In normal subjects, ketotifen reduced the slope of the linear regression lines, calculated from the airway resistance vs. the intra-pulmonary deposited amount of carbachol (reactivity). By adding a single dose of 80 mg of propranolol the bronchial reactivity was increased. Neither placebo nor ketotifen pretreatment altered the response to propranolol. In asthmatic subjects, the reactivity of the airways to carbachol was reduced after 7 days of ketotifen treatment. Propranolol increased the pre-challenge airway resistance values, and ketotifen did not reduce this bronchoconstrictive action. We could not observe any influence of ketotifen on the potentiation of the carbachol-induced bronchoconstriction. We conclude that ketotifen on the potentiation of the carbachol-induced bronchoconstriction. We conclude that ketotifen reduces the bronchial reactivity as assessed by carbachol inhalation in normal and in asthmatic subjects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Modification of nocturnal heart rhythm disorders using oxygen therapy in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease].

In 14 patients with chronic obstructive lung disease, the effect of nocturnal oxygen therapy was evaluated. The mean flow of 100% oxygen was 2 l/min. We registered the transcutaneously measured blood gases over 10 h, beginning at 8 p.m. while patients were breathing air, the lowest value of PO2 was mean = 45 mm Hg, and while they were breathing oxygen it was mean = 57 mm Hg. Continuous electrocardiograms showed a reduction of supraventricular arrhythmias, from 180 premature beats over 10 h during inhalation of air to 86 during oxygen inhalation. In each of the 13 patients we found a decrease in frequency of premature ventricular beats (from mean = 141 to mean 54 over 10 h, i.e., from 100% to 25.5% +/- 17.1%. During the 2 h of lowest oxygen saturation, the frequency of ventricular arrhythmias was increased. We expected 20% and registered 38.8%.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗