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Biomedical subjects

H Maeda

Publications and source records attributed to H Maeda.

At least 901 records · Page 50Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Bone scintigraphy in patients with breast cancer, pulmonary cancer, uterine cervix cancer, and prostatic cancer. Statistical study of spinal accumulation cases.

This is a review of bone scintigraphy performed in patients with breast cancer, pulmonary cancer, uterine cervix cancer, and prostatic cancer from 1980 to 1985. The incidence of accumulation in the spine was 25.0% in breast cancer, 29.5% in lung cancer, 24.3% in cervical cancer, and 47.0% in prostatic cancer. The predominant location of the accumulation was the lumbar vertebra (68.9%), followed by the thoracic vertebra (45.0%), sacral vertebra (37.5%), and cervical vertebra (23.6%). The survivability after spinal accumulation was determined by the Kaplan-Meyer survival curve. The 1-year survival rate of breast cancer, pulmonary cancer, cervical cancer, and prostatic cancer was 88%, 19%, 74%, and 90%, respectively, the record of pulmonary cancer being significantly lower. Hence, in the treatment of patients with metastatic spinal tumors, the therapeutic method should be selected according to the underlying disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Differential neutralizing effect of tiopronin on the toxicity of neocarzinostatin and SMANCS: a new rescue cancer chemotherapy.

The toxic effect and antitumor activity of neocarzinostatin (NCS) and SMANCS [copoly(styrenemaleic acid)-conjugated NCS] were greatly affected by N-(2-mercaptopropionyl)-glycine [tiopronin] both in vitro and in vivo, in cultured HeLa cells and RL male 1 tumor-bearing mice. The cytotoxicity of NCS and SMANCS against HeLa cells was remarkably reduced by the addition of tiopronin during drug treatment. Interestingly, the neutralizing effect of tiopronin on the toxicity of SMANCS was greater than that in the case of NCS. In the continuous presence of 10 mM tiopronin during a 1 h drug treatment, the 50% cell-killing doses of NCS and SMANCS were increased 72 and 208 times as compared to those without tiopronin, respectively, whereas tiopronin itself has no cytotoxicity to HeLa cells up to 100 mM. Furthermore, more effective reduction of the lethal toxicity of SMANCS was observed by the intraperitoneal (ip) administration of tiopronin after ip injection of a lethal dose of SMANCS as compared to the same protocol in the case of NCS in mice. Therapeutic studies on RL male 1 tumor-bearing mice revealed that delayed (time lag) ip administration of tiopronin after high-dose SMANCS administration ip was much superior to the combination of NCS with tiopronin, or SMANCS alone. In this time-lag combination chemotherapy of SMANCS with tiopronin, 60% of treated mice survived more than 60 days after tumor inoculation, while all the untreated control mice died within 20 days.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Synthesis and central nervous system actions of thyrotropin-releasing hormone analogs containing a 1-substituted 2-oxoimidazolidine moiety.

A series of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) analogs in which the pyroglutamic acid residue was replaced by (S)-2-oxoimidazolidine-4-carboxylic acid (Oic-OH) and the related derivatives was prepared, and the central nervous system (CNS) actions were examined. Of these, 1-benzyl-Oic-His-Pro-NH2 (2c) showed the most potent activities, which were 1.5-8 times greater than those of TRH. Moreover, the thyrotropin (TSH)-releasing activity of 2c was about 1/16 times weaker than that of TRH.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Characterization of the CA125 antigen secreted from a newly established human ovarian cancer cell line (SHIN-3).

A cell line (designated SHIN-3) was established from a 56-year-old Japanese woman diagnosed as having serous cystadenocarcinoma of the ovary. SHIN-3 produced the tumor marker, CA125. When samples were subjected to one-dimensional gel electrophoresis followed by immunoblotting with anti-CA125 antibody, antigen binding appeared in the low-molecular-mass fraction around 50 KDa as well as in the high-molecular-mass fraction (more than 200 KDa). Subsequent resolution of this lower-molecular-mass component by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis gave rise to bands of 49 KDa near an isoelectric point of 7.3. Treatment of the CA125 antigen with 10 mM periodic acid resulted in no loss of activity. However, reduction and alkylation in 6 M guanidine-HCl or treatment at 100 degrees C for 20 min resulted in complete loss of activity. Treatment with various glycosidases did not inhibit activity, whereas digestion with proteases (except for papain) produced complete loss of activity, suggesting that the CA125 antigenic determinant is composed of conformationally dependent peptides.

Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate↗
PubMed1989

Inactivation of various proteinase inhibitors and the complement system in human plasma by the 56-kilodalton proteinase from Serratia marcescens.

The interaction of the 56-kilodalton (kDa) proteinase from Serratia marcescens with human plasma activated C1 (C1) inhibitor, alpha 2-antiplasmin, and antithrombin III was investigated. The 56-kDa proteinase was not affected by these inhibitors; on the contrary, all the inhibitors were inactivated by the 56-kDa proteinase within 2 to 6 h. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis indicated that all three inhibitors showed decreases in molecular weight of approximately 8,000 to 10,000 as a result of proteolytic cleavage by the 56-kDa proteinase. The 56-kDa proteinase also inactivated serum complement within 2 to 6 h. The loss of inhibitory activity caused by the 56-kDa proteinase, together with the effects of endogenous serine proteinases, may facilitate tissue destruction and inflammation.

Complement C1 Inactivator Proteins↗
PubMed1989

Molecular mechanism of complex infection by bacteria and virus analyzed by a model using serratial protease and influenza virus in mice.

We examined the effect of a serratial exoprotease on the pathogenesis of influenza virus infection in mice as a model of complicated respiratory infection by bacteria and virus in humans. The 56-kilodalton (56-kDa) protease from Serratia marcescens was administrated intranasally to mice at a dose of 10, 20, or 40 micrograms from day 0 to day 3 after inoculation of the influenza virus. Administration of the protease resulted in remarkable enhancement of the lethal effect of the virus and enhancement of pathological changes in the lungs. Influenza virus replication, determined by plaque-forming assay, was accelerated by the protease. Namely, we found a 100-fold increase in virus yield by day 2. The 56-kDa protease caused generation of plasmin activity in the lungs. In vitro experiments showed that plasmin greatly enhanced the yield of influenza virus, although the effect of the 56-kDa protease by itself was much lower than that of plasmin. Furthermore, the 56-kDa protease could induce plasmin production indirectly via activation of plasminogen by the Hageman factor-dependent cascade in the in vitro system. We conclude that this major serratial exoprotease has a deleterious effect on mice infected with influenza virus and that this effect seems to result from enhancement of viral growth by indirect acceleration of plasmin generation induced by the protease.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Exophytic spread of hepatobiliary disease via perihepatic ligaments: demonstration with CT and US.

Eight cases of hepatobiliary disease located adjacent to or within the perihepatic ligaments (peritoneal reflections surrounding the liver) with exophytic spread along these ligaments (three abscesses from cholecystitis, two bilomas, two hepatic abscesses, and one hematoma from a ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma, with 16 ligamentous lesions: five in the hepatoduodenal ligament, four in the ligamentum teres, three in the falciform ligament, two in the gastrohepatic ligament, one in the transverse mesocolon, and one in the duodenocolic ligament) were studied with sonography and computed tomography. The locations of underlying diseases were the inferior aspect of the left lobe of the liver (three patients), the gallbladder (three patients), and the right hepatic duct (two patients). An understanding of the anatomic detail of the ligamentous attachments of the liver and the continuity of peritoneal ligaments is important in recognizing the ligamentous spread of hepatobiliary disease. This mode of spread of disease should be kept in mind in diagnostic imaging of the abdomen.

Abscess↗
PubMed1989

Production of dark firm dry meat in slaughtered pigs with so-called liver degeneration characterized by yellowish discoloration and high lipid contents.

The livers which are discolored yellowish and have a large amount of lipids (liver degeneration) are frequently observed in slaughtered pigs. Dark firm dry (DFD) meat and liver degeneration have a common etiological agent of exhaustion in pigs before slaughter. The correlation between them was examined. In 65 cases of 77 slaughtered pigs with the degenerative liver, which contained more than 6.6% total lipids of liver wet weight, the carcasses showed early rigor mortis and the higher final pH above 6.0. R values of the muscles, which indicated the decrease of ATP, were higher. The meat had a DFD appearance and the muscle fibers had no tendency to shrink. These data showed that the pigs with liver degeneration produced DFD meat at a high rate. In 4 cases of 5 pigs exhausted experimentally by 53 hr fasting and hard exercise before slaughter, both liver degeneration and DFD meat were produced simultaneously. The livers of them were discolored and contained about 8.0% or more total lipids. The carcasses of them showed early rigor mortis and the higher final pH above 6.0. From these data, it was suggested that the exhaustion in pigs before slaughter caused both liver degeneration and DFD meat.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

The influence of pleural effusion on pulmonary growth in the human fetus.

The present study was performed to clarify the relation of cause and effect between pleural effusion and hypoplastic lung in the human fetus. In six cases with a duration of less than two weeks between the initial diagnosis of pleural effusion and delivery, lung weights were within the mean weight +/- 1.5 S.D. In fourteen cases with a duration of more than two weeks between diagnosis and delivery, seven cases had lungs with weights of less than -2.0 S.D. and twelve had lungs of less than -1.5 S.D. in weight. The incidence of lung weights less than -1.5 S.D. or -2.0 S.D. was significantly higher in cases with a diagnosis-delivery duration of more than two weeks, compared to those with a duration of less than two weeks. These results suggest that the development of hypoplastic lung in fetuses with pleural effusion may depend on the length of the presence of pleural effusion.

Embryonic and Fetal Development↗
PubMed1989

CT of adrenal tumors: frequency and clinical significance of low-attenuation lesions.

The CT values of adrenal tumors were evaluated in 36 patients to determine the frequency and significance of negative CT values. Twenty-seven patients had adrenocortical adenomas (13 had primary aldosteronism, 12 had Cushing syndrome, and two had nonhyperfunctioning adenoma), one had adrenocortical carcinoma, and eight had pheochromocytomas. The CT values in primary aldosteronism (mean, 1.8 +/- 9.9 H) were lower than those in Cushing syndrome (27.6 +/- 12.0 H) and pheochromocytoma (35.9 +/- 9.8 H). Six adrenocortical adenomas had homogeneous, low CT attenuation, with CT values ranging from -20 to -0.4 H. Four of these had primary aldosteronism, one had Cushing syndrome, and one had nonhyperfunctioning adenoma. Our results suggest that adrenal tumors with homogeneous, slightly negative CT attenuation are likely to be adrenocortical adenomas, mainly primary aldosteronism and nonhyperfunctioning adenomas. This finding may be especially useful in diagnosing nonhyperfunctioning adenoma.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1989

Acute thrombosis of the inferior vena cava and hepatic veins in patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome: CT demonstration.

We reviewed the CT findings in 17 patients with angiographically proved Budd-Chiari syndrome to determine the ability of CT to show acute thrombosis of the inferior vena cava (IVC) and hepatic veins. In eight patients with membranes (web or band) in the IVC, no thrombus was detected with CT or angiography. In the other nine patients, thrombi in the IVC and/or hepatic veins were seen as intraluminal filling defects that did not change in appearance on precontrast and postcontrast CT scans. Attenuation values of intraluminal filling defects of the IVC ranged from 38 to 42 H in four patients. High-attenuation intraluminal filling defects (60-70 H) of the IVC (five patients) and hepatic veins (one of five patients) were detected. Of these five patients, four had acute symptoms and one had chronic vague symptoms. The underlying disease was a web or band in the IVC and hepatic veins in three patients, invasive hepatocellular carcinoma in one, and injury to the IVC wall during hepatectomy in one. Inferior venacavography showed occlusion of the hepatic segment of the IVC in all five patients. Additional angiograms obtained by injection of contrast medium after a catheter tip was placed in the occluded hepatic IVC showed numerous filling defects suggestive of thrombi of recent onset, which correlated with the high-attenuation thrombi seen on CT scans in two patients. In the remaining three patients, high-attenuation areas in the IVC and hepatic veins also were considered to represent thrombi of recent onset because the attenuation values later decreased to 33-42 H. Spontaneous reduction in diameter of the thrombosed segment of the IVC was observed in four of the five patients. Knowledge of the CT features of acute thrombosis of the IVC and hepatic veins is useful in the early diagnosis of Budd-Chiari syndrome.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

[Studies on recent clinically isolated Staphylococcus aureus--drug susceptibility and incidence of MRSA in clinical isolates].

Susceptibility of various antimicrobial agents against clinically isolated Staphylococcus aureus was evaluated by Kirby Bauer methods. The incidence of MRSA (Methicillin cephem resistant Staphylococcus aureus) was also investigated. When S. aureus was isolated from urine, the clinical background of the case was further studied. The results are listed below; 1) M1N0 showed the highest susceptibility rate (83.1%) against 537 strains of S. aureus tested, followed by CMZ (63.7%) and CET (63.5%). The susceptibility rate of DMPPC was 41.9%. The incidence of MRSA was 31.3%. 2) In effusion, MRSA was most highly isolated (72.2%). 3) S. aureus isolated from blood and sputa was relatively more resistant to beta-lactams. 4) Strains from urine showed relatively high susceptibility rates. No MRSA was isolated from urine. 5) Thirteen out of twenty-four cases, whose urines were proven to be S. aureus positive, were polymicrobial infection patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

CP-78,545, a new monocarboxylic acid ionophore antibiotic related to zincophorin and produced by a Streptomyces.

A new monocarboxylic acid ionophore antibiotic related to zincophorin, CP-78,545 (1), was found in the culture broth of Streptomyces sp. N731-45. CP-78,545 was extracted with organic solvents and purified by column chromatography. The metabolite, which is active in vitro against certain Gram-positive bacteria, as well as the anaerobe Treponema hyodysenteriae, and a coccidium Eimeria tenella, was isolated as a water insoluble magnesium salt (2) in 2:1 (ligand/metal) stoichiometry. The structure of CP-78,545 was elucidated by spectroscopic (NMR and MS) methods, and the relative stereochemistry was determined by single-crystal X-ray analysis of the cadmium salt (3). CP-78,545, i.e., 24-dehydrozincophorin, is unique since its molecular backbone contains a terminal double bond previously not found in other polyether ionophores.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

UK-63,052 complex, new quinomycin antibiotics from Streptomyces braegensis subsp. japonicus; taxonomy, fermentation, isolation, characterisation and antimicrobial activity.

UK-63,052 complex, a new group of quinomycin-like antibiotics comprising UK-63,052 (factor A), UK-63,598 (factor C), UK-65,662 (factor B) and several uncharacterised minor components, is produced by a new subspecies of the genus Streptomyces for which the name Streptomyces braegensis Dietz subsp. japonicus, is proposed. The strain, N617-29, is characterised by a negative melanin reaction, grey aerial mycelium, spiral spore chains and smooth or slightly warty spores. Structure determination has identified UK-63,052, C56H68N10O14S2, UK-63,598, C53H62N10O14S2 and UK-65,662, C55H66N10O14S2 as quinaldic acid substituted quinomycins with unusual bridgehead sulfur substitution as shown in Fig. 3.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1989

Endusamycin, a novel polycyclic ether antibiotic produced by a strain of Streptomyces endus subsp. aureus.

Endusamycin formerly called CP-63,517 (C47H77O14Na), is a novel polycyclic ether antibiotic produced by a new strain of Streptomyces endus subsp. aureus (ATCC 39574). Recovery, fractionation and purification were achieved using standard procedures. Forms include the endusamycin free acid, mp 95 approximately 105 degrees C, lambda max 232 nm (log E 4.16), [alpha]25D +47.4 degrees (c 0.5, methanol) and a crystalline sodium salt, mp 215 approximately 220 degrees C, lambda max 232 nm, (log E 4.15), [alpha]25D +25 degrees (c 0.5, methanol). The structure is shown below, Fig. 1. Endusamycin exhibited; antibacterial activity, in vitro against Gram-positive and anaerobic bacteria, effectiveness against coccidia in poultry, and stimulation of propionic acid production in an in vitro system.

Animals↗