Intrathecal baclofen for spasticity.
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Baclofen↗
Biomedical subjects
H Müller
Publications and source records attributed to H Müller.
[Scintigraphy of the thyroid gland].
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Humans↗
[Lymph node biopsy in lymphadenopathy syndrome and AIDS].
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Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
[Comparison of tumor incidence in 251 first-degree relatives of 50 patients with colorectal carcinoma with those of the Basel population].
A tumor-centered family history obtained in 50 patients with colorectal carcinoma without polyposis coli revealed that first-degree relatives of such patients have a 3.6 times greater risk of developing colorectal carcinoma themselves. The simple and harmless family history method can be employed by any physician for the identification of healthy persons at high risk for colorectal carcinoma.
Adult↗
Organ selectivity of hexahydrosiladifenidol in blocking pre- and postjunctional muscarinic receptors studied in guinea-pig ileum and rat heart.
Pre- and postjunctional pA2 values of the muscarinic antagonist hexahydrosiladifenidol were determined with guinea-pig ileum and rat heart. Hexahydrosiladifenidol did not discriminate between pre- and postjunctional receptors within the same organ but was more potent on the ileum (20-80 times) than on the heart. It is concluded that pre- and postjunctional muscarinic receptors in the heart may differ from those in the ileum.
Acetylcholine↗
Changes of haemostaseological variables in carbon tetrachloride poisoning in rats.
On application of carbon tetrachloride to rats disturbances of haemostasis were observed. Antithrombin III and 4-amidinophenylpyruvic acid were found to exert a beneficial action on these disturbances. However, the thrombin inhibitors had no influence on hepatotoxicity and lethality.
Animals↗
Plasminogen (PLG): a useful genetic marker for paternity examinations.
The genetically determined polymorphism of plasminogen (PLG) was analyzed by isoelectric focusing on polyacrylamide gels. For analysis neuraminidase-pretreated sera were used. PLG was developed functionally by activation with urokinase and subsequent lysis of casein in an agar overlay. In a random sample of 957 unrelated healthy individuals from Southern Germany, three common phenotypes, PLG1, 2-1, and 2, and five rare variants were found. The allele frequencies were: PLG*1 = 0.7174, PLG*2 = 0.2780, and PLG*Var = 0.0046. The theoretical exclusion rate in cases of disputed paternity is 16.5%.
Adult↗
[Familial cancer. Initial results of an inquiry into its occurrence in Basel].
The initial results of a systematic study conducted in Basel on the existence of relatives with cancer in the families of more than 600 tumour patients indicate that neoplasm of all organs have forms in whose etiology genetic predisposition is an important factor. This is illustrated by the examples of mammary carcinoma, colorectal carcinoma, gastric carcinoma and lymphoproliferative diseases. Research into genetic predisposition to cancer is of practical value in order to protect persons at risk from the serious consequences of malignant tumors, and also of scientific interest because the characterisation of certain tumours can provide a fundamental insight into the pathogenesis of these diseases.
Breast Neoplasms↗
Birth-cohort analysis of peptic ulcer mortality in Europe.
The age- and sex-specific death rates of gastric and duodenal ulcer are followed in eight European countries over a period ranging from 30 to 60 yr. A cohort analysis demonstrates that the temporal changes of peptic ulcer mortality in the European countries seem to occur in a fashion characteristic of those due to changes in birth-cohort risks. Generations born at the end of the 19th century manifested a high risk of dying from gastric and duodenal ulcer. The birth-cohorts with a high risk for duodenal ulcer lagged 10-30 yr behind those with a high risk for gastric ulcer. Male and female cohorts with the highest risk were born at the same time. The birth-cohort phenomenon is most obvious in male death rates of gastric and duodenal ulcer. A birth-cohort phenomenon would imply that important determinants for the development of gastric and duodenal ulcer occur early in the life of a cohort and that it is these early determinants that are changing with time. The determinants could be environmental factors which interact with the pathophysiology of peptic ulcer from the outside.
Adult↗
Blot-immunobinding test for the detection of anti-sperm antibodies.
A blot-immunobinding test was used to detect anti-sperm antibodies in human sera and to identify the corresponding auto- or iso-antigens on human sperm. A high proportion of sera at a 1:100 dilution from fertile persons, as well as infertile patients, contains antibodies reactive with sperm. This phenomenon might be physiological. At 1:2,000 dilution, a higher binding capacity was detected in the sera from infertile groups, but a few fertile persons were also positive. Antibodies to a single antigenic determinant with Mr of approximately 14,000 were found in a significantly higher proportion among males with unexplained infertility.
Antibodies↗
Long-term survival and recurrence-free interval in combined surgical, radio- and chemotherapy of malignant brain gliomas.
A prospective randomized study has been conducted since 1978 to judge the value of combined radio- and chemotherapy (CCNU) in the postoperative treatment of grade III and IV supratentorial gliomas. Inoperable or recurrent tumors were excluded from these series, but evaluated in addition. Increase in median survival time (18 months) for the entire series (62.2% glioblastomas) was only small compared to other series mentioned in literature, but there was a significant prolongation of the recurrence-free interval (16.5 months) and in the total survival time from the onset of symptoms in 46.4% of cases living more than 18 months. If 'useful recovery' is the major goal of present treatment of cancer, the recurrence-free interval and the fraction of long-term survivors may be more important statistical parameters than median survival time. To improve the 'quality of life' in a number of patients (so-called long-term survivors) and the length of recurrence-free intervals should be the therapeutic goal, even if overall survival time remains essentially unaffected. We conclude that combined therapy, including radio- and chemotherapy, following surgical resection is of value in most cases of malignant glioma.
Adolescent↗
The ameloblastoma, the controversial approach to therapy.
An investigation into the length of time which elapses after the treatment of an ameloblastoma before a recurrence becomes visible, has established that this only exceeds 5 years in 5% of cases. In this study the findings after a follow-up period of at least 5 years after conservative or radical therapy have been extracted from the literature and compared with those of the authors' own series of 84 cases. It is concluded that the recurrence rate is 75% in the cases of multilocular ameloblastomas treated conservatively. Following radical therapy the recurrence rate is 15%. Conservative treatment of unilocular ameloblastomas can be expected to result in a recurrence rate of 20%.
Ameloblastoma↗
Osteosarcoma of the jaw bones. Analysis of 18 cases.
A series of 18 jaw osteosarcomas is reviewed. The ages of the 11 males and 7 females ranged from 11 to 65 years with a mean age of 37.4 years. The maxilla was involved in 10 cases whereas the mandible was the site of disease in 8 patients. A widened periodontal space was an invariably present radiological feature in those patients in whom the tumour involved the tooth-bearing area of the jaw. Treatment consisted of radical surgery with incidental radiotherapy or chemotherapy as adjuvant therapy. The local recurrence rate was 36% whereas the rate of metastasis was 40%. A five year survival time free of disease was shown by 47%. Prognosis was found to be adversely influenced by a high age and a high grade of histological malignancy as determined by counting mitoses. Features that distinguish jaw osteosarcoma from tumours elsewhere in the skeleton are a higher mean age of occurrence, a lower rate of metastasis, a longer period of time before clinical manifestation of metastasis and a more favourable prognosis. Factors that could be responsible for this variation in behaviour are discussed.
Adolescent↗
The growth characteristics of multilocular ameloblastomas. A histological investigation with some inferences with regard to operative procedures.
The growth characteristics of multilocular ameloblastomas and the reaction of the surrounding tissues were studied by means of a histological examination of 31 surgical specimens. Infiltration of spongy bone was observed frequently whereas there was little tendency to invade cortical bone. The periosteum largely prevented extension of the tumour. However, in the region of the mucosa overlying the alveolar process apparent encapsulation was absent. There were indications that the infiltrative growth pattern exhibited by an ameloblastoma within spongy bone was due to secondary enclosure of tumour tissue by remodelled bone.
Ameloblastoma↗
Maximal regeneration distance. How far can a peripheral axon regenerate?
Peripheral nerves of the fore- and hindlimbs of 20 rats were induced to regenerate over double and triple of their original lengths through consecutive orthograde and retrograde (zigzag) anastomoses along parallel nerves of the same limb. Morphological changes were followed on longitudinal sections of the whole-mount composite nerves by several histological techniques. Regeneration regularly took place along this pathway. The regenerated axonal segments were intensively remyelinated, demonstrating the capacity of the spinal neurons to produce and maintain disproportionately long axonal processes. These observations may be relevant for reconstructive neurosurgery when very long peripheral nerve gaps have to be bridged.
Animals↗
Phosphopeptide fingerprints of nucleoproteins of various influenza A virus strains grown in different host cells.
MDCK, HeLa, L or primary chick embryo cells were infected with different influenza A virus strains and labelled with [32P]orthophosphate. The nucleoprotein was immunoprecipitated and digested by trypsin. The resulting tryptic fingerprints were strain-specific and dependent on the host cell in which the virus strains had been propagated. Virus mutants had different fingerprints. It is suggested that specific cellular protein phosphokinases are involved in virus replication and that these may determine host range and cell tropism by site-specific phosphorylation of viral phosphoproteins.
Animals↗
Haemodynamic effects of fenoterol for labour inhibition during spinal or epidural anaesthesia.
Haemodynamic investigations, partly using invasive monitoring, concerning interactions between the beta-mimetic effect of fenoterol and the alpha-sympathetic blockade of spinal or epidural anaesthesia were made in a total of 49 patients during pregnancy, during caesarean section and in non-pregnant women. Haemodynamic effects of fenoterol during regional anaesthesia were compared with those during general anaesthesia (n = 17). Epidural or spinal anaesthesia enhance vascular beta-mimetic reactions at the start of tocolysis, leading to a profound but short-lasting decrease in blood pressure. This initial hypotension is more pronounced after regional than after general anaesthesia.
Adult↗
[Hemodynamic effects following bolus administration of different vasopressive agents for blood pressure stabilization during peridural anesthesia].
Vasopressors are often used to counteract hypotension induced by sympathetic blockade during epidural or spinal anaesthesia. This study contains data of invasive haemodynamic investigations following single-shot applications of different vasoconstrictor agents (Akrinor, etilefrine, ephedrin, norfenefrin, amezinium) during a combination of epidural block and controlled ventilation with oxygen and nitrous oxide. In a preceding dose finding study equipotent dosage of the substances used was confirmed. Usually bolus application of these vasopressors causes only a short-lasting circulatory stimulation, which does not cover the whole period of sympathetic blockade (exception: amezinium). Even small doses of drugs acting only upon alpha-receptors, may cause unwanted peripheral vasoconstriction and decrease of the already lowered cardiac output (example: norfenefrine). The rise of blood pressure after betamimetics may be delayed by an initial vascular beta 2 stimulation (example: etilefrine). In other sympathetic stimulants venoconstriction and therefore improvement of cardiac output by increase of preload takes place after an interval of some minutes to cardiac stimulation (example: ephedrin, Akrinor). Though the use of vasopressor agents during central blockade cannot be recommended in general, substances with alpha- as well as beta-stimulation should be preferred, if necessary. When using substances with short duration of action continuous infusion has to be taken into consideration.
2-Hydroxyphenethylamine↗