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Biomedical subjects

H M Eriksen

Publications and source records attributed to H M Eriksen.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Design of a socio-ecologic caries model and testing on 50-year-old citizens of Oslo, Norway.

The purpose of the present study was to design a socio-ecologic caries model based on a general health model and to test the fit of data collected from a random sample of 200 50-year-old Oslo citizens to this designed model. The intention was also to investigate the relative importance of the four items environmental, behavioral, human biology, and health care organization factors. The dependent variable, number of carious surfaces, was recorded clinically and radiologically. The mean number of carious surfaces was 3.0 (SD, 3.5), with a range from 0 to 17, and the four items explained 5%, 25%, 28%, and 13% of the variance in number of carious surfaces, respectively. The complete model explained 42%, whereas traditionally used variables on the basis of the Keyes triad explained only 22% of the variance. The findings from the present study indicate that dental caries is a multifactorial disease with both behavioral and biologic determinants, and the socio-ecologic caries model represents a relevant supplement to the Keyes triad.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed1992

Factors of importance for changes in dental caries among adults. A follow-up study of Oslo citizens from the age of 35 to 50 years.

Eighty-one 35-year-old Oslo citizens examined in 1973 were reexamined after 15 years, to monitor changes in their caries situation expressed as carious surfaces (DS + DFS). Factors considered to be of importance for a change in the number of carious surfaces over this 15-year period were arranged under four items: environment, behavior, human biology, and health care organization. The results showed a slight but not statistically significant increase in the overall caries experience expressed as DMFS. A statistically significant reduction in DS + DFS from the age of 35 to 50 years was demonstrated. Despite this reduction 23% of the 50-year-olds had more carious surfaces than at age 35. The results indicate that the improvement in the number of untreated carious surfaces reported from many Western societies is also valid for adult Norwegians. However, this improvement is not shared by all. Multivariate analyses showed that behavioral factors had the greatest impact on the observed changes in dental health.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Concepts of health and disease and caries prediction: a literature review.

Biomedical determinants of dental caries have been more extensively investigated than psychosocial factors and their impact on caries prevalence and incidence seems to be greater. However, a majority of these investigations relate to children and adolescents. An implementation of social and psychologic variables may be more relevant regarding dental caries in adults. In addition, a multidisciplinary approach might improve our understanding of dental caries as a multifactorial disease and bridge the gap between a biomedical concept and a more holistic approach to dental health.

Dental Caries↗
PubMed1991

Prevalence of apical periodontitis and results of endodontic treatment in middle-aged adults in Norway.

The present investigation based on a random sample of 50-year-olds from Oslo, Norway, indicate a prevalence of apical periodontitis of 3.5% of the teeth present. Forty-four percent of the endodontically treated teeth presented with a radiographically detectable periapical radiolucency. There was a statistically significant negative correlation between the quality of the root fillings evaluated and prevalence of apical periodontitis.

Humans↗
PubMed1991

Endodontology--epidemiologic considerations.

The limited information available from endodontic epidemiologic research indicates an increase in prevalence of apical periodontitis with increasing age. Furthermore, apical periodontitis seems mainly to be present in connection with already endodontically treated teeth. This finding should be of particular concern since there is a discrepancy between the quality and results of endodontic therapy performed in general practice compared with the results obtained in specialty clinics. Pulpitis and acute apical periodontitis are main reasons for seeking emergency treatment and affect many people. Dental trauma frequently involving the dentin/pulp organ are likewise prevalent, affecting 30% of children and adolescents. Most information available regarding endodontic treatment is derived from well-controlled clinical studies performed by specialists. Epidemiologic data should be considered a necessary complement to this source of knowledge regarding etiologic factors and proper treatment procedures in order to improve the results of endodontic practice.

Dental Pulp Necrosis↗
PubMed1991

Is there a long-term caries-preventive effect of sugar restrictions during World War II?

Wartime decrease in caries prevalence among children explained by restrictions in sugar availability and consumption is widely documented. The aim of the present investigation was to study possible long-term effects of this regimen on dental caries. Norwegian age cohorts who were 7 years old during World War II were reexamined in 1983. On the basis of DMF recordings of their first permanent molars, a long-lasting beneficial effect of the wartime caries decrease could not be demonstrated.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Autotransplantation of teeth].

This article gives a review of autotransplantation of teeth. From being a method of rather poor prognosis, autotransplantation has developed to be a safe treatment procedure. Scientific criteria for selecting patients, donor teeth, surgical procedures and postoperative care has contributed to this. The surgical procedure and the endodontic treatment are discussed. The degree of root development is of importance. Complications may be extern root resorption and ankylosis because of damage to the periodontium.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

[Preservatives and dental caries. Can preservatives in food and beverages influence oral health?].

There has been a pronounced decline in dental caries in industrialized countries during the last decades. The most obvious explanation is exposure to fluorides. However, the decline started before fluorides were extensively used. Theoretically, a contributory factor may have been increased consumption of foods containing preservatives. The aims of the present study were to find out whether increased intake of preservatives has occurred, and to assess the effect of two commonly used preservatives, sorbic acid and benzoic acid, on bacterial growth and on plaque acidogenity in vivo. Results from five consumption reports from the Central Bureau of Statistics of Norway were used to estimate changes in consumption of basic foods containing the preservatives mentioned. A modified broth dilution method was used to determine the growth inhibitory effects on selected oral streptococci. Plaque-pH measurements were performed with a microelectrode to assess possible effects on acid production. Data pointed towards increased consumption of preservatives. Legal concentrations of preservatives inhibited bacterial growth. Similar concentrations of the preservatives had a negligible effect on acid production in dental plaque (0.4% W/V), whereas higher concentrations (2% W/V) had an inhibitory effect.

Benzoates↗
PubMed1990

[New criteria for secondary decay and marginal defects].

The survival time of restorations and the reasons for replacements vary considerably from one study to another. Different studies report that secondary caries alone accounts for 0-60% of the reasons. Great variations in treatment planning have been reported when dentists examine the same restorations. Different diagnostic criteria and treatment strategy are probably responsible for most of the variations. In this article specific criteria for secondary caries and marginal defects are presented.

Dental Caries↗
PubMed1990

[Systems for grading occlusal and approximal carious lesions].

Well defined, graded caries diagnoses are necessary for recording caries and its progression, measurement of the efficacy of caries prophylaxis, and for the establishment of detailed information concerning the prevalence of caries. Monitoring of the severity of lesion or degree of caries should be based on well defined, reliable clinical or radiographical findings. Such criteria for occlusal and approximal caries are presented in this paper.

Dental Caries↗
PubMed1989

Comparison of oral radiographic findings among 35-year-old Oslo citizens in 1973 and 1984.

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate a variety of radiographically detectable conditions found on orthopantomograms of 141 individuals as a part of an oral health survey of 35-year-old Oslo citizens, born 1949. Radiographic findings were recorded and compared with those of a similar study made in 1973. The findings revealed a statistically significant reduction in the prevalence of marginal bone loss. The frequencies of endodontically treated teeth and teeth with apical radiolucencies were unchanged.

Adult↗