Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to H Lutz.
The natural occurence of "Free-Martinism" in Birds and the chorio-allantoïc grafting experiments of testis fragments on female chick host-embryos allow to the authors to define the manner provoking the entire or partial disappearance of the müllerian ducts and to state exactly if the phenomenon is a agenesis or a regression.
Following immunization against sheep erythrozytes, it is possible to induce a double-peaked antibody response curve in the serum of experimental animals (rats) by using vincristine sulfate (Vi). Immunosuppression is enhanced in thymectomised and sensitised animals during rechallenge following Vi/Cy, as compared to animals treated with cyclophosphamide (Cy) alone, and an attentuated anamnestic reaction is subsequently observed. Survival time of allogeneic skin grafts in colony bred and inbred rat strains could not be prolonged by using Vi/Cy, as compared to animals treated with Cy alone.
Sonography is suitable for the examination of thyroid glands respectively goiters. This method particularly gains in the differentiation of cold nodules or cold regions. In more than 50% of patients with cold nodules sonography showed cystic lesions. In addition, ultrasonically guided percutaneous fine needle biopsy is employed for emptying cysts or gaining material for cytological examination.
Ultrasonic and radiological tests were compared in 267 patients suspected of having gall-stones. Radiological diagnosis was not possible in 20, because of lack of opacification, while in nine a gall-bladder was not demonstrable by ultrasound. In 226 the two tests coincided (positively or negatively), with 21 negative cholecystograms being interpreted as proof of stone. Seven of twelve discordant results were proven at operation: in three the ultrasonic, in four the radiological diagnosis was confirmed. Because of its accuracy, simplicity and absence of any risk ultrasonics is recommended as the first test to be performed if cholelithiasis is suspected.
In 94 patients with tumours of the abdomen or the retroperitoneal space detected by ultrasonography fine needle aspiration puncture was performed under ultrasonic control. The aspirated material was stained with Pappenheim's solution for cytological examination. In 86 patients the diagnosis was definitely established. Of 49 patients with malignant growths (liver 35, kidney 9, colon 2, subcutaneous tissue 2, pancreas 1) tumour cells were gained in 40. In 4 other pathients the cytological findings were suspicious of malignancy. In 37 patients with benign processes (liver 35, subcutaneous tissue 2) no false-positive diagnosis was made. Complications induced by the puncture, especially hemorrhage were not encountered. The combined ultrasonic-cytological examination is simple, fast, almost riskless and well-tolerated. It allows to avoid other more expensive methods to obtain tumour material which usually carry some risk. It is especially valuable as a screening method for malignant growth in the abdominal cavity and the retroperitoneum.
To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of ultrasonography in pancreatic disorders the results were compared with endoscopic retrograde pancreaticography in 140 II resection-retrograde cannulation of Vater's papilla was unsuccessful, examination of the pancreas was not possible in 20 patients with ultrasonography because of meteorism of severe adipositas. In 15 subjects the sonographic findings were equivocal. Out of 105 ultrasonic findings three were false-negative and 5 false-positive, whereas retrograde Wirsungography resulted in 9 false-negative and 2 false-positive interpretations. In 50 out of 67 cases of pancreatic disorders diagnosed by ultrasonography a further differentiation between malignant tumours and benign pseudotumours (pancreatitis or cyst) was possible. With respect to the diagnosis of pancreatic cysts ultrasonography was superior by 23 of 27 to retrograde pancreaticography (12 out of 27) since many cysts do not communicate with the ductal system. In comparison with the endoscopic method the risklessness and the low expenses have to be stressed. Both methods supplement each other, so that a high diagnostic accuracy is reached (more than 95 per cent).
Postoperative parenteral nutrition can only be optimally effective if the characteristics of post-traumatic metabolism are taken into account. Two main possibilities are discussed for the carbohydrate component of parenteral nutrition during this phase: glucose with high doses of insulin or non-glucose carbohydrates (sugar substitutes) possibly in a suitable combination with glucose. The risks as well as the technical and organisational problems involved in the use of them are discussed and the authors prefer the second of the two alternatives. Possible side effects of non-glucose carbohydrates are pointed out and it is shown how these can be avoided by observing dose guidelines. So far a combination of frucose : glucose : xylitol in a ratio of 2 : 1 :1 with a total dose of 0.50 g/kg/hour has been studied most thoroughly. This combination normalises the fat metabolism and improves glucose tolerance without requiring exogenous insulin. Experiences with this combination as well as individual non-glucose carbohydrates on operated patients have been given continuously for up to 7 days and in some cases even for several weeks. No side effects, no deviations from a steady state and no abnormal changes of the laboratory values occurred. The authors are of the opinion that non glucose carbohydrates are necessary if the facilities for frequent blood sugar controls are not available.
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166 patients suspected to harbor metastases in the liver were examined by ultrasonics. The results of this examination could be evaluated in 113 cases, yielding a correct diagnosis in 92%; in 53 cases with uncharacteristic changes of the liver the presence of metastases could be neither proven nor excluded, thus the overall yield of correct results was 72%. In 124 patients ultrasonic findings could be compared with scintigraphic findings (99m-Tc-sulfur colloid): A false diagnosis was made on the basis of ultrasonic findings in 5 cases, on the basis of scintigraphic findings in 18 cases; no conclusive diagnosis could be made by ultrasonic procedures in 34 cases, by isotope scanning in 48 cases. The ultrasonic diagnostics has the advantage of low cost and no risk and allows to differentiate between solid and cystic lesions.
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It has been shown in clinical experiments that blood coagulation was delayed by Dextran 60 and Hydroxyethylstarch (HAS). During the postoperative period up to the 2nd postoperative day the measured clotting factors were decreased within the physiological range. Platelet adhesiveness was mainly reduced in the group of Dextran 60 and in the male Hydroxyethylstarch group. A similar effect of haemodilution as seen by haematocrit and blood viscosity results was produced by Dextran 60 and Hydroxyethylstarch. In the electrolyte group the values obtained did not show any significant influence on blood coagulation apart from a light and temporary trend to hypercoagulation during the day of operation.
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Explore the source record for details and available documents.