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Biomedical subjects

H Ludwig

Publications and source records attributed to H Ludwig.

At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

HLA CW3 in thyrotoxicosis patients with and without endocrine ophthalmopathy.

Fifty-four thyrotoxic patients (23 with and 31 without endocrine ophthalmopathy EOP) were HLA typed for A, B, and C locus antigens. The frequency of this third locus antigen CW3 was found to be significantly increased in patients with EOP compared with those thyrotoxic patients without EOP. These findings point to a possible genetic heterogeneity in thyrotoxic patients with or without EOP. HLA B8 was observed in only 10 of the 54 patients studied, which is not in accordance with the previously reported statistically significant increased frequency of this B locus antigen in thyrotoxic patients.

Eye Diseases↗
PubMed1976

Juvenile diabetes mellitus: HLA-antigen frequencies dependent on the age of onset of the disease.

A close correlation between juvenile mellitus and HLA-B8, HLA-BW15 and HLA-CW3 was found. Association of these antigens with juvenile diabetes mellitus was closely dependent on the ages of onset of the disease. Frequencies of BW15 and CW3 showed a remarkably low incidence in the childhood diabetics (0-15 years old) and were found increased in the patients with later (16 years or older) onset diabetes. HLA-B8 frequencies were found increased in all the groups of diabetics with different ages of onset. These findings point to the importance of HLA-B8 in childhood and HLA-B8, BW15 and CW3 in the later onset juvenile onset diabetes mellitus (JOD).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Fluorosugars inhibit biological properties of different enveloped viruses.

Both 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose and 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-mannose were found to be potent inhibitors of the synthesis of infectious Semliki forest and fowl plague virus in chicken embryo cells and also of pseudorabies virus grown in rabbit kidney cells. It was found that the pseudorabies virus-mediated cell fusion and the synthesis of functional hemagglutinin of fowl plague virus were blocked. In all cases the 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-mannose-caused inhibition was stronger than the 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose- or 2-deoxy-D-glucose-mediated blocks. Studies on the virus-specified proteins from Semiliki forest virus-infected cells grown in the presence of the inhibitors show that the target of the fluorosugar action, parallel to the well-studied effects of 2-deoxy-D-glucose, is the glycoprotein biosynthesis.

Cell Fusion↗
PubMed1976

Critical-point drying and gold sputtering as applied to scanning electron microscopy of human reproductive tissues.

Improved techniques have been developed for washing, pinning, fixation, dehydration and critical-point drying of tissues of female and male reproductive tracts, gametes, for viewing by scanning electron microscopy. The sputtering method, performed by an ion gun, is applied to shadow and produce a thin film of gold. Technical details and metal coating are noted which are suitable to improve images of surface ultrastructure of cilia and microvilli. Studies using scanning electron microscopy, histological and histochemical techniques, and cinematography are described.

Desiccation↗
PubMed1976

Cellular and humoral immunity to adrenal antigens in patients with idiopathic Addison's disease.

Cell-mediated immunity to various adrenal antigen preparations--crude extract, mitochondria and microsomes--has been investigated by means of the migration inhibition of mononuclear cells in 19 patients with established diagnosis of idiopathic Addison's disease (IAD), in 1 patient with suspected Addison's disease and in 20 controls. Adrenal antibodies were determined by immunofluorescence technique. In 13 of the IAD patients significant migration inhibition (MI) could be observed with mitochondria and in 12 patients with crude extract. In addition, MI, although less pronounced, could be detected with microsomes in 12 IAD patients. In one of the controls slight inhibition was observed with all the antigens used and in another stimulation of lymphocyte migration with crude extract could be observed. Adrenal antibodies were detected in 11 of the patients investigated. No correlation could be found between duration of the disease and humoral or cellular immune reactions to adrenal antigens.

Addison Disease↗
PubMed1976

[Microfluorometric demonstration of thyroglobulin antibodies with the defined antigen substrate spheres (DASS) system].

Previous investigations showed that quantitative immunofluorescence using antigens covalently bound to agarose particles represents a reproducible and sensitive assay for antibodies in experimental antisera. In this paper data are presented which show that also thyroglobulin antibodies in patients sera can be demonstrated using the defined antigen substrate spheres (DASS) system with thyroglobulin as antigen. Sera of 45 patients with various thyroid diseases were investigated for the presence of thyroglobulin antibodies using passive haemagglutination and the quantitative immunofluorescence technique. Comparable results were obtained with both techniques. Advantages and disadvantages of both methods are discussed.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1976

[Study of age and sex dependance in renal clearances with radioisotopes (author's transl)].

In 85 patients between 15 and 95 years of age (40 male patients and 45 females) without any signs of renal disease (concentration of serum creatinine below 1,4 mg/100ml, normal diastolic blood pressure and normal urine analysis) a highly significant negative correlation was found between glomerular filtration rate (GFR, determined by 51Cr-EDTA - slope-clearance) and renal plasma flow (RPF, determined by 131J-oJHS-iodinehippuricacid-totalclearance) on one side and age on the other. Beginning with a basic value of 160 ml in males and 144 ml in females for GFR, the average decrease per year was 1,2 ml/1,0 ml respectively. The basis value of RPF was 854 ml for males and 673 ml for females, the decrease per year was 5,4 ml in men and 2,9 ml in women. The importance of physiological diminution of clearance values in elderly patients and its consequences for therapy are discussed. The more exact and methodically simpler 51Cr-EDTA-slope-clearance without urine collection should be used instead of the somewhat inaccurate determination of endogenous creatinine clearance especially in older patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[Intrauterine contraceptive devices. Mode of action, experiences, complications (author's transl)].

Already in 1909 methods of an intrauterine contraception were indicated in Germany. Their practical use was intiated twenty years later by Ernst Graefenberg. Further development almost exclusively takes place in the USA, whereas the major part of basic investigations has been done. The introduction of copper bearing IUD's undoubtedly increased the safety of intrauterine contraception. Investigations concerning the morphology of the endometrial contact area (f.e. by SEM) and the evaluation of certain biochemical facts associated with the release of copper ions, lead to hypotheses of the mode of action. A randomized comparative study of CuT 200 verus Lippes Loop D demonstrates similar pregnancy rates with both types of IUD, but a moderate advantage of the CuT 200 in regard of the expulsion rate and the removal rates due to bleeding and/or pains. The author stresses that it might be medically indicated to terminate pregnancy when a woman has conceived in spite of a copper bearing IUD in situ. His statement is in correspondence to the recommendations of the Population Council, but nevertheless, this problem as yet is far of being solved unanimously. Most complications associated with the IUD are due to incorrect insertion. It is therefore postulated to insert the IUD menstrually, maintaining strictly sterile conditions, a non-deformed uterus being hooked on a bullet forceps. As already anticipated by Ludwig Fraenkel a careful insertion should be done by experienced doctors only, this fact counteracting the widespread use of this contraceptive method to be in the second place as compared to hormonal contraception.

Abortion, Legal↗
PubMed1976

[Vaginal hysterectomy for therapeutic abortion and simultaneous sterilization (author's transl)].

Report about the experiences in termination of 25 early pregnancies by vaginal hysterectomy in cases final infertilisation was necessary. Advantages of the method are seen in avoiding dilatation of the cervix and in the calculable blood loss as compared to suction or curettage for abortion and simultaneous sterilization. In contrast to many apprehensions the risks do not seem to rise when performing vaginal hysterectomy of the pregnant uterus up to the 12th week. Advantages and criteria of the method are discussed.

Abortion, Therapeutic↗