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Biomedical subjects

H Ludwig

Publications and source records attributed to H Ludwig.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Phagocytic plasma cells in a patient with multiple myeloma.

A female patient with IgG multiple myeloma and phagocytosing plasma cells is presented. Electron microscopical investigation showed an unusually large number of small mitochondria in the myeloma cells. In 21%, intracytoplasmic incorporation of one or more red cells or occasionally of erythroblasts or cells of the myeloid series were found. Uptake of platelets was seen rarely only. Studies of the in vitro phagocytic activity of myeloma cells did not reveal phagocytosis of opsonized bacteria or of latex particles by the malignant plasma cells.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

[Disturbed microcirculation in gestosis (author's transl)].

1. Impairment of the flow properties of the blood in gestosis is still compensated in the early phase of the disease by the vasodilation resulting gestation. 2. The structural viscosity of the blood becomes haemodynamically relevant in the late phase or in gestoses of a dramatic nature. 3. Due to the resulting low thrust force, even slight increases in the haematocrite level and shifts in the relation of plasma albumins will result in the formation of aggregates which, in their turn, can be responsible for the occurrence of stagnation anoxia. Additive damage is produced in this manner. 4. There is a direct relationship between changes in the flow properties and secondary morphological findings in the placenta or the foetal state index. 5. Improvement of the flow properties of the blood would result in advantages for foetal oxygenation as well, since this would enable to maintain--at least for some time--a more uniform and satisfactory perfusion within the placental flow unit.

Female↗
PubMed1979

TSH-receptor antibodies, HLA B8 and thyroid autoantibodies in patients with Graves' disease in therapeutically induced euthyroidism.

The prevalence of TSH-receptor antibodies and of thyroid autoantibodies was studied in 48 HLA-typed patients with Graves' disease, who were in an euthyroid state after antithyroid therapy with methimazole. TSH-receptor antibodies, which were found in 35% of the patients, did not correlate with the positivity of HLA B8. By contrast the persistence of thyroid microsomal antibodies was significantly associated with HLA B8.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1979

Normal and pseudorabies virus infected primary nerve cell cultures in scanning electron microscopy.

Primary cell cultures from the central nervous system of the embryonic rat were inoculated with pseudorabies virus. Their morphological changes were studied by phase contrast microscopy and by scanning as well as by transmission electron microscopy. Uninfected cultures display two distinct cell layers in scanning electron microscopy: a flat continuous monolayer supports a heterogeneous population of individual, presumably neural cells, which emit processes of different number and size. The latter cells form contacts by a dense network of fibres. Infectious virus is propagated in these nerve cell cultures with similar effectivity as in other cultures. The infectoin leads to fusion and death of the cells. By the time the cytopathic effect is visible, nearly all cells, including those of neuronal and those of nonneuronal appearance, are studded with ample amounts of virus-sized particles. The particles represent viruses as demonstrated by transmission electron microscopy or by treatment with a hyperimmune serum directed against pseudorabies virus structural components. Hyperimmune serum leads to clustering of the particles at the cell surface. The amount of virus particles per surface unit was about 10 times higher on neural cells as compared to primary rabbit kidney cells. The concentration of infectious particles in the supernatant, however was approximately the same. The system described appears to be useful for the study of acute virus effects on neural tissue under strictly controlled conditions.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Enzymes of the purine interconversion system in chronic lymphatic leukemia: decreased purine nucleoside phosphorylase and adenosine deaminase activity.

Activities of adenosine deaminase (ADA), adenosine kinase (AK), adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (APRT), hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT), and purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP), all enzymes of the purine interconversion system, were determined in lymphocytes of 25 patients with chronic lymphatic leukemia (CLL) and in 23 controls. A statistically significant decrease of PNP activities and a reduction of ADA activities at borderline levels were found in the patients, whereas for the other enzymes assayed no deviation from normal values was observed.

Adenine Phosphoribosyltransferase↗
PubMed1979

Spread of infectious virus along the optic nerve into the retina in Borna disease virus-infected rabbits.

Selective damage of the optic nerve of 14 rabbits without interfering with the choroidal blood flow which supplies the retina and without altering the autonomic nerve supply was successfully achieved by Xenon coagulation. This procedure interrupted the axonal pathway between the brain and the eye. After experimental infection with Borna disease virus the typical disease could be induced. The pathognomonic retinopathy as well as characteristic perivascular choroidal infiltrates, however, did not appear in eyes with coagulated nerve heads. In general virus-specific antigen or infectious virus were not present in the retinas of such damaged eyes. These results permit the conclusion that the ocular expression of Borna disease is a consequence of virus transport via the optic nerve.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Mathematical, clinical, and laboratory study of hemodynamic changes in the placental circulation.

Various rheological properties of blood were investigated in pregnant and non-pregnant women of similar age. The results from 27 women with abnormal pregnancies were compared to those obtained from 17 non-pregnant women. In abnormal pregnancies we found a reduction of the erythrocyte filtration and a pathological use in red cell aggregation and in the shear resistance of the aggregates. Fractional light transmission (T7/T0) was higher than 1.0, suggesting that pressure gradients in the capillary circulation are not sufficient to disperse red cell aggregates. Thus, rheological factors may be partly responsible for the clinical consequences of pre-eclampsia. Pathological red blood cell aggregation and stagnation are consequences of the changed flow properties in the microcirculation. Even a small decrease of the local pressure gradients in the microcirculation of patients with pre-eclampsia would impair the dispersal of red blood cells and lead to their increased aggregation. Complete occlusion of the placental circulation by these aggregates would impair oxygen transfer at a speed that has been calculated from a diffusion equation based on the concept of the placenta as a hollow cylinder.

Adult↗