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Biomedical subjects

H Lehmann

Publications and source records attributed to H Lehmann.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[Diagnosis and therapy of Wegener's granulomatosis. Demonstrated at 18 own cases (author's transl)].

Wegener's Granulomatosis is a rare disease of unknown etiology, becoming more and more of interest. 18 patients with histologically confirmed Wegener's Granulomatosis are described in this report. In majority the first symptoms were found in the upper respiratory tract. In 80% the biopsy ensuring the diagnosis was made by the otorlaryngologist. Early treatment with cyclophosphamide in combination with corticosteroids can improve the prognosis of this generally lethal disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

The antibody response to myoglobin is independent of the immunized species. Analysis in terms of replacements in the antigenic sites and in environmental residues of the cross-reactions of fifteen myoglobins with sperm-whale myoglobin antisera raised in different species.

The recent determination of the entire antigenic structure of sperm-whale myoglobin with rabbit and goat antisera has permitted the examination of whether the antigenic structure recognized by antibodies depends on the species in which the antisera are raised. Also, by knowledge of the antigenic structure, the molecular factors that determine and influence antigenicity can be better understood in terms of the effects of amino acid substitutions occurring in the antigenic sites and in the environmental residues of the sites. In the present work, the myoglobins from finback whale, killer whale, horse, chimpanzee, sheep, goat, bovine, echidna, viscacha, rabbit, dog, cape fox, mouse and chicken were examined for their ability to cross-react with antisera to sperm-whale myoglobin. By immunoadsorbent titration studies with radioiodinated antibodies, each of these myoglobins was able to bind antibodies to sperm-whale myoglobin raised in goat, rabbit, chicken, cat, pig and outbred mouse. It was found that the extent of cross-reaction of a given myoglobin was not dependent on the species in which the antisera were raised. This indicated that the antibody response to sperm-whale myoglobin (i.e. its antigenic structure) is independent of the species in which the antisera are raised and is not directed to regions of sequence differences between the injected myoglobin and the myoglobin of the immunized host. Indeed, in each antiserum from a given species examined, that antiserum reacted with the myoglobin of that species. The extent of this auto-reactivity for a given myoglobin was comparable with the general extent of cross-reactivity shown by that myoglobin with antisera raised in other species. The cross-reactivities and auto-reactivities (both of which are of similar extents for a given myoglobin) can be reasonably rationalized in terms of the effects of amino acid substitutions within the antigenic sites and within the residues close to these sites. These findings confirm that the antigenicity of the sites is inherent in their three-dimensional locations.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1980

[Clinical features and treatment of Wegener's granulomatosis (author's transl)].

Between 1972 and 1978 a total of 16 patients, aged 19 to 70 years, seven of them women, were diagnosed as having Wegener's granulomatosis. The course of the disease in some instances was rapidly progressive, in some protracted. Nine patients have died, three of them within three months. The diagnosis can only be made after intensive ear-nose-throat, medical and histological studies. Early administration of cyclophosphamide seems to influence the course of the disease favourably.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Liver vein obstruction. Clinical aspects and diagnosis of the Budd-Chiari syndrome].

In recent years we have observed 9 cases of Budd-Chiari syndrome. The diagnostic, etiological and therapeutic aspects of this rare hepatic vein disease are discussed. 3 patients had a neoplasm, and 1 female had polycythemia; she had been on oral contraceptives. 1 patient had osteomyelosclerosis. 4 females exhibited thrombosis of the hepatic veins; 2 of them had been on oral contraceptives. Liver scan has proven to be an adequate method for follow-up studies in demonstrating the hypertrophied caudate lobe. Very rarely, the small and medium-sized hepatic veins are involved, most often after ingestion of certain plant toxins. This syndrome is termed the Stuart-Bras syndrome or "veno-occlusive disease".

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Haemoglobin K Woolwich: a study of the family of a homozygote.

A family is described in which the proband is homozygous and several relatives are heterozygous for Hb K Woolwich (beta 130 [H10] Lys leads to Gln). These people are clinically and haematologically normal. The relationship between the presence of Hb K Woolwich and beta +-thalassaemia is discussed. The distribution of Hb K Woolwich in West Africa is discussed and it is seen to be closely associated with the Akan group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Human haemoglobins and haemoglobinopathies in Arabia: Hb O Arab in Saudi Arabia.

In the Arabian peninsula, haemoglobinopathies, though very interesting, are still far from being fairly established. With the exception of the eastern province of Saudi Arabia, where several aspects of the sickle-cell disease have been focused upon, few reports have appeared in the literature. However, in 1974 one of us (M.A.F. E.H.) has initiated a comprehensive investigation in collaboration with the Ministry of Health on haemoglobinopathies in various parts of the country. These studies have revealed a new pocket for the sickle-cell gene and a new structural abnormality. In the present report we describe the first finding of Hb O Arab in Saudi Arabia, which may shed more light on the anthropological significance of this haemoglobin variant.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Potassium hydrogen phosphate induced nephropathy in the dog. I. Pathogenesis of tubular atrophy (author's transl)].

A nephropathy with severe tubular atrophy was observed in Beagle dogs after oral administration of K2HPO4 for 14 or 38 weeks. We describe the complete lysosomal degradation of atrophying tubular epithelial cells. During two experiments of 14 and 38 weeks duration, respectively, a total of 15 Beagle dogs received 0.8 g K2HPO4/kg body weight daily with their food. All dogs were examined clinically at regular intervals. Renal biopsies were taken in the fourth week from beagles of the 14-week study. Results were compared with those of control dogs. At the end of the experiments the animals were killed and necropsies done. Different stains and histochemical reactions were applied to paraffin sections of the kidneys. Acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase were found on cryostat sections. Kidneys fixed by perfusion of five Beagles from the 38-week study and three Beagles of the 14-week study, and from five control dogs, were examined electron microscopically. Ultrahistochemically, acid phosphatase was demonstrated. Clinically, the dogs in both experiments vomited, were cachectic, and had elevated creatinine and blood urea nitrogen. Morphologically, qualitatively identical changes were seen, but the renal damage was most marked at 38 weeks. There were disseminated tubular atrophy (usually of the proximal tubules), focal scar tissue and nephrocalcinosis. The following pathogenesis was established for the lesions of the proximal tubule: Tubular atrophy begins with loss of differentiation of epithelial cells. Enzyme histochemistry, ultrahistochemistry and electron microscopy show an increase in autophagic vacuoles and autophagolysosomes. The lysosomal bodies showing fusion enclose large parts of the cytoplasm as the process continues. Complete lysosomal degradation of epithelial cells and extrusion of large lysosomes into the tubular lumen follow. After complete enzymatic digestion of the intratubular detritus, the residue is empty, convoluted and collapsed tubular basement membrane. Atrophic tubular epithelial cells have many organelle-free zones at their base, which contain fine filamentous material resembling that of the basement membrane. The degradation process described here may explain why clinically the urinary sediment contains few cylinders and epithelial cells and why proteinuria decreases significantly toward the end of the experiment. So far, it is not clear whether the tubular basement membrane is synthesized by the tubular cells, by fibroblasts or by both cell types. The presence of basement membrane-like material in tubular epithelial cells and in parietal epithelial cells of the glomerulus favors the view that epithelial cells produce the basement membranes and that increased production of basement membrane-like material is a sign of loss of differentiation.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Ultrastructure of modified root-tip cells in Ficus carica, induced by the ectoparasitic nematode Xiphinema index.

The migratory ectoparasitic root nematode Xiphinema index, added to Ficus carica seedlings in sterile agar culture, fed exclusively on the tips of the roots. As a response the tips started to swell and became transformed into terminal galls as long as feeding was continued. When the cytology of swollen root-tips was examined 24 h after the first nematode attack, necrotic cells, scattered singly or in small groups within the root apex, were found in ultrathin sections. These cells, whose protoplasts showed features of a hypersensitive reaction, were most probably those fed upon by nematodes. Each necrotic cell was surrounded by several enlarged, mostly binucleate cells with dense cytoplasm. One day later the binucleate cells were multinucleate, containing 4 or even 8 nuclei. The clear-cut demarcation between necrotic and modified cells indicated that only the stimulus for the induction of modified cells but not the stimulus for cell necrosis passed into neighbouring cells. Root-tip galls that provided the appropriate food for egg production in nematodes contained greatly enlarged multinucleate cells between necrotic cells. The modified cells showed features of high metabolic activities, expressed in nuclear and nucleolar hypertrophy, invagination of the nuclear envelope, increased cytoplasmic density, abundance of mitochondria, plastids and rough endoplasmic reticulum. Wall ingrowths, typical of transfer cells, were rare and if present occurred only adjacent to necrotic cells. In older modified cells new cell plates, surrounded by phragmoplasts, were formed.

Microscopy, Electron↗
PubMed1980

Haemoglobin O Arab, beta-thalassaemia and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in a Hungarian family.

A 29-year-old Hungarian woman was found to be double heterozygote for Hb O Arab and beta-thalassaemia. Haemolytic anaemia became manifest during her second pregnancy. In the course of genetic studies G-6-PD deficiency was also detected in the family. The patient originates from a North-Eastern part of Hungary which had been hydrogeologically isolated during past centuries.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Haemoglobin J Rovigo 53 alpha (E-2) aspartic acid alanin.

The case under examination is an example of a family with Hb J Rovigo interacting with beta thalassemia. Such hemoglobin has the same mobility as J haemoglobin, and the analysis of amino acids showed it to be a variant of the alpha 53 (E2) Alanine-Aspartic chain. The percentage of haemoglobin ranged from around 22.7 to 30.5%.

Electrophoresis, Cellulose Acetate↗
PubMed1979

Interaction between beta-thalassaemia and Hb G Philadelphia associated with alpha-thalassaemia.

A man who did not produce and beta-chains did not suffer from a severe beta-thalassaemia. He was heterozygous for Hb G Philadelphia. It has been suggested that this haemoglobin variant was associated with alpha-thalassaemia and that interaction between alpha-thalassaemia and beta-thalassaemia decreased the imbalance of alpha/beta-globin biosynthesis and thereby the severity of the beta-thalassaemic disorder. Association of Hb G Philadelphia and alpha-thalassaemia in this man and his family is now demonstrated using bone marrow and reticulocytes of the propositus and one of his sons and reticulocytes only of another son.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1979

beta-Endorphin and naloxone in psychiatric patients: clinical and biological effects.

The authors conducted single- and double-blind studies of the responses of 7 chronic male schizophrenic patients to 10 mg of naloxone. BPRS ratings were made before and 6 hours after the injection; ACTH blood levels were determined before and 1 1/2 and 6 hours after injection. Statistically significant improvement of psychotic behavior occurred after 6 hours. The greatest improvement occurred in the patient who showed the most pronounced diurnal variation of ACTH levels, and there was no improvement in the patient who had no diurnal changes. Prolactin plasma levels following endorphin injections were apparently dose-dependent and peaked at approximately 30 minutes. The mean half-life of elimination of exogenous beta-endorphin was between 12 and 35 minutes. The authors theorize that positive and negative behavioral responses to naloxone depend--as possibly do many placebo responses in general--on the relative stress produced by experimental or therapeutic interventions.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗